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GrammarSubject-VerbAgreement(主谓一致)主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。1.语法一致原则如果主语是单数，谓语动词则用单数形式；如果主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。eg.Bothparties______theirownadvantages.Herjob_____somethingtodowithcomputers.2.意义一致原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。Hisfamily______(be)abigfamily.Hisfamily_______(be)listeningtomusicwhenhecameback.ThepopulationinChina______(be)verylarge,andeightyofthepopulationinChina_____(be)farmers.3.就近原则有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。e.g.Eithermygrandsonsortheirfather__(be)coming.NeitherRichardnorI_____(be)going.（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况Theteachersarerespectedintheworld.1）主语为复数名词或代词Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.Thecattlearekeptinhisfarm.2)当people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语，形式上为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数。TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.TheRockymountainsstandinthewestofthenorthAmerica.3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的复数名词作主语。Thericharenotalwayshappy.Generallyspeaking,theyoungareeagerforsuccess.4）the+adj.表示一类人或物做主语时如blind,deaf,living,dead,the+wounded,poor,richold,young等但指个人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。Theunknownisalwayssomethingtobefeared.Thebeautifulisalwayslovedbypeople.TheWhitesaregoingtomakeatriptoLondon.TheGreenswerewatchingTVwhenafirebrokeout.5)the+姓的复数形式表一家人（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。Theadviceispractical.2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。Twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Lookingafterthechildrenismyfulltimejob.Todieforthepeopleisaworthydeath.Whenandwheretoholdthemeetingisunknown.Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.4)以-S结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数。如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,(news,physics,maths，politics)谓语用单数。TheUnitedstatesismadeupof50states.TheTimesisanewspaperfortheBritishgovernmentGreatExpectationswaswrittenbyCharlesDickensin1860.5)clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等无生命的集合名词作主语。Clothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.6）eachneither+of+the+复数名词或代词EitherEachofus_____adictionary.Eitherofthebooksonthetable_______tome.Neitherofthem___fitforthejob.7)manya/each/everyeither/neither+单数名词morethanoneManyastudent__________thefilm.Neitherstory____true.Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.Morestudentsthanonehaveseenthefilm.注意：当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数。Theyeachhaveadictionary.=Eachofthemhasadictionary.8)everyeveryeach+名词单数＋and+each+名词单数作主语时nono谓语用单数manyamanyaEverydeskandeverychair___madeofwood.Manyaboyandmanyagirl____madethesamemistake.9）由some,any,no,every+one/thing/body所构成的复合不定代词做主语时，谓语用单数。Nobody______togothere.Something______beendonetoendthestrike.（三）其它情况1）用and或both…and…连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是如果and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一个人或事或整体概念，谓语动词用单数（如果是可数名词的单数这时and后面的名词一般没有冠词）。用is/are填空：EnglishandChinesequitedifferentlanguages.Waterandairbothimportant.Ayoungmanandagirltogothere.ThesingerandthewriterfamoustomanyyoungpeopleThemanagerandsecretaryasbusyasabeealldayThesingerandwriterfamoustoeveryone.Warandpeace（战争与和平）aconstantthemeinhistory.Aknifeandfork（刀叉）neededforawesternmeal.Breadandbutter(黄油面包)servedforbreakfast.Earlytobedandearlytorise_____（早睡早起）agoodhabit.常用的一些表示整体概念的词ironandsteel钢铁lawandorder治安awatchandchain一块带链的表Aneedleandthread针线acoatandtie配有领带的上衣2）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：sheep,fish,deer,means(方法),species(种类),works(工厂),Chinese,Japanese等。选择填空has/haveEverymeans_____beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.Allmeans_______beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.was/wereThisshoeworks_____setupin1980.Thoseshoeworks______allsetupin1980.3)表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks(筷子),compasses,clothes,glasses,jeans,scissors,shoes,socks,trousers,gloves,shorts等，作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；ChopsticksmainlyareusedinChina.但如与akindof,apairof,thepairof,aseriesof连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Thiskindofbooks____useful.=Booksofthiskind____useful.4)某些集体名词（如family,team等）作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。类似动词还有：class,club,company,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team等。5)就近原则下列连词连接两个主语时，及therebe句型有多个并列主语，谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。AorBeitherAorBneitherAnorB动词与靠近的主语一致notonlyAbutalsoBtherebeA,BandCnotAbutB1）Eitherthegirlortheboy____inCanada.(is/are)2）NeitherhenorI______theanswer.(knows/know)3）NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.4)You,heorIright.5)_____eitherheoryouright?(be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用)6）Youorhe_______toblame．____youorhetoblame?A．is，IsB．are，AreC．is，AreD．are，Is7)Eitheryouortheheadmaster______theprizetothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.(NMET1994)A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout6)就前原则当主语后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。1)Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.(NMET2004北京卷)A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe2）NobodybutJohnandHelenabsent.I,ratherthanyou，responsiblefortheaccident.7)anumberof+n（复数）作主语，谓语用复数。thenumberof+n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数Thenumberofthepeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.were,wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were8)alargequantity/amountof+n谓语由of后的名词单复形式决定largequantities/amountsof+n(可数/不可数)谓语复数Alargequantityofpeople_______neededhere.Alargequantityofwater____neededhere.Largequantitiesoffood_______gonebad.9）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语