2016届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解课件

1高考快递·解读探究五年高考课标卷阅读理解题量统计年份题量题型2011课标·全国Ⅰ2012课标·全国Ⅰ2013课标·全国Ⅰ2014课标·全国Ⅰ2015课标·全国Ⅰ细节题115987主旨大意题12000推理判断题55457词义猜测题12011观点态度题012101.纵观近五年高考，可以看出对细节题方面的考查所占比例一直维持在50%左右，但考查难度稍有增加，表现在：(1)答案跨段落搜集；(2)题目信息与原文信息表达方式不一致；(3)需将几个信息综合才能得出答案。2．考查主旨大意的题量在近五年中相对稳定，一般来说每套试题有1～2个小题，但近两年课标卷·全国Ⅰ没有考查主旨大意题。从五年各地高考试卷对主旨大意的考查形式上看，从原来的简单的主旨归纳变得综合性越来越强。同时文章的行文跳跃性较强，次序变化大，隐含信息增多。因此，主旨题的答案判断的干扰性越来越强，不能直接根据主题句来判断答案。3．考查推理判断的题型在近五年中相对稳定，一般来说每套试题都有4～7个小题。题目数量分布均匀，并且设题时往往和细节理解相连。简单的题目可以通过某句或某段进行细节推理，而较复杂的题目常在理解全文的内容和结构的基础上，进行逻辑推理。4．考查词义猜测的题量在近五年中相对稳定，在每份试卷中所占比例最小，但难度略有增加，需在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。此外试题中增加了对短语及句意的猜测。5．从近几年的高考试题来看，对作者观点态度的考查，答案通常是隐含在文章中。2015·新课标全国卷ⅠAMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19：30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.Theyendaround21：00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”．December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering.Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon'sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits—ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshasmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings::－13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT．WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A．February6th.B．March6th.C．November7th.D．December5th.22．WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A．TheCanalPioneers.B．IcefortheMetropolis.C．EyotsandAits—ThamesIslands.D．AnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals.23．WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?A．MirandaVickers.B．MalcolmTucker.C．ChrisLewis.D．LizPayne.语篇解读：本文介绍了伦敦运河博物馆在11月、12月、2月和3月推出的四场专题讲座的具体日期、主要内容、演讲者的情况等。21．解析：细节理解题。根据第一场讲座的介绍中的“JamesBrindley”可知，讲座的时间是：November7th。答案：C22．解析：细节理解题。根据第三场讲座的介绍的第一句话“AnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals，byLizPayne”可知，2月6日的讲座的主题是“AnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals”，主讲人是LizPayne。答案：D23．解析：细节理解题。根据第四场讲座的介绍的第一句可知，由MirandaVickers主讲的这场讲座的内容是关于“ThamesIslands”的。答案：ABThefreezingNortheasthasn'tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(维生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,butthebestpart—particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold－weatherrootvegetables—wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake－upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a．m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries;thered－paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine－ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I'verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey'reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown'sGroveFarm'sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal—andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI'dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.24．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?A．Exciting.B．Boring.C．Relaxing.D．Annoying.25．Whatmadetheauthor'sgettingupearlyworthwhile?A．Havingaswim.B．Breathinginfreshair.C．Walkinginthemorningsun.D．Visitingalocalfarmers'market.26．WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?A．Theyaresoft.B．Theylooknice.C．Theytastegreat.D．Theyarejuicy.27．Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?A．Gotoafarm.B．Checkintoahotel.C．Eatinarestaurant.D．Buyfreshvegetables.语篇解读：本文描述了作者在严冬季节去佛罗里达州的萨拉索塔市(Sarasota)过周末的感受。在温暖如春的萨拉索塔市，各种蔬菜水果生机勃勃，而在寒冷的美国东北部，表面诱人的西红柿却食之无味。长难句解读Theseweretherealdeal—andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.分析：破折号后面的句子对前句进行解释。破折号后为主从复合句。主句Irealized后跟that引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中含有that引导的定语从句修饰先行词things。译文：这些都是货真价实的瓜果蔬菜——就在那一刻，我意识到，萨拉索塔的冬天最美妙之处在于可以吃到新鲜的瓜果蔬菜，而这些瓜果蔬菜一旦回到纽约的家中，连续几个月都无法品尝到。24．解析：推理判断题。根据文章第