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•情态动词•一、can和could的用法•1．表示能力•HermothercanspeakFrench.•2．表示客观可能性•Anybodycanmakemistakes.•3．表示许可(多用于口语)•CanIgonow?•4．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)•Howcanyoubesocareless!•你怎么会那么粗心！•5．can的特殊用法•canbut只有；can'tbut不得不；can't...too再怎样也不为过，越……越好。•Icanbutwait.我只有等待。•Ican'tbutwait.我不得不等待。•Youcan'tbetoopatienttothecustomers.你对顾客越耐心越好。•二、may和might的用法•1．表示允许、请求•—MayIwatchTVnow?•—Yes，youmay.(Yes，please.)•—No，youmustn't.(No，you'dbetternot.)•2．表示可能性(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用can代替)•Thestorymaynotbetrue.•3．表示祝愿(不用might)•Mayyousucceed!•4．may/mightaswell最好还是……•Youmightaswelldoitnow.•5．may/mightwell很可能•Hemaywellbelateforclass.•三、must，haveto和oughtto的用法•1．must•(1)must表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是mustnot(mustn't)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用needn't或don'thaveto代替。•(2)must表示必然的结果。•Allmenmustdie.人都会死(是自然规律)。•(3)must还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。•Itcan'thelp；hemustdothat.•2．haveto着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。•Hewillhavetobetherebeforeten.•3．oughtto表示义务和责任，“应该”，比should语气要强。•Yououghttotakecareofyourself.•四、need和dare的用法•1．need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用must和haveto代替。•2．dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。•Dareyougohomealoneatelevenintheevening?•3．need和dare的特殊用法•(1)need表“需要”时，可用want，require代替。•Thedeskneedstoberepaired./Thedeskneedsrepairing.•(2)dare作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接to，在疑问句和否定句中to可省去。•Hedarestocatchasnake.•五、will和would的用法•1．will•(1)表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。•Willyoupleasegowithme?•(2)表示意愿、决定、允许。•Iwillneverdothatagain.•(3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用于第三人称。•Fishwilldieoutofwater.•2．would•(1)表示请求、建议，比will委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。•Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?•(2)表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。•WewouldplaybadmintononSundays.•六、shall和should的用法•1．shall•(1)用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。•(2)用于第二、三人称表示命令或威胁。•Youshalldoasyourfathersays.•2．should•(1)表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。•(2)表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。•Youshouldwearslippersinclass.•(3)用于条件句，表示“假如，万一”，省去if，should可提至句首。•Shouldyoubelate，apologizetotheteacher.•七、“情态动词＋havedone”的用法•1．musthavedonesth.；can(could)havedonesth.•(1)musthavedonesth.表示对过去已经发生的事情的有把握的推测，意思是“想必、准是、一定做了某事”，只用在肯定句中。•Itmusthaverainedlastnight，forthegroundiswet.•(2)can(could)havedonesth.表示对过去发生的动作的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。•Hecan'thaveforgottenit.他不可能忘记的。•2．needn'thavedonesth.；didn'tneedtodosth.•(1)needn'thavedonesth.表示已完成不需要完成的动作。•Youneedn'thavewakenmeup.Idon'thavetogotoworktoday.•(2)didn'tneedtodosth.表示没有必要做而实际上也没有做某事。•Ididn'tneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.•3．may/mighthavedonesth.•may/mighthavedonesth.表示对过去已发生的动作的推测，意为“也许/或许已经……”。•I'mnotsure.Hemighthavesaidsoattheconference.•4．shouldhavedonesth.•shouldhavedonesth.表示本来应该做某事而实际上未做。•Youshouldhavetoldhimaboutit.•5．hadbetterhavedonesth.；wouldratherhavedonesth.；wouldlike/lovetohavedonesth.•(1)hadbetterhavedonesth.表示事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时做了某事就好了”，其否定形式hadbetternothavedonesth.表达相反的含义。•(2)wouldratherhavedonesth.表示“宁愿当时做某事”，其否定形式wouldrathernothavedonesth.表达相反的含义，两者都含有“后悔”之意。•Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.•(3)wouldlike/lovetohavedonesth.表示过去愿意做某事，但未做成。•Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight，butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishmyreport.•用适当的情态动词填空•1．Lookingpeopleintheeye________sometimesmakethemnervousandembarrassed.•2．—OhmyGod！You________wearslipperstoattendtheconference.•—I'msorry.Iforgotthereisaconference.•3．—Hello，Peter.Wouldyoupleasegoshoppingwithmeafterschool?•—Sorry.Ourschoolisaboardingschool.Inschooldaysnobody________gooutofschoolwithouttheheadteacher'spermission.•4．—HasTimstarted？Hesaidhewouldjoinintheparty.•—He__________________(leave)．Heisamanofhisword.•5．—WhycanyourteacherknowsomuchaboutLondon?•—He________havebeentherebefore.•6．________ithavebeenwrongdirectionsfromthecontrolroomthatcausedtheaircrash?•7．You'llhaveplentyoftimetomorrow，soyou________________worktoolatetonight.Butifyou________，Idon'thavemuchtosay.•8．—Thetwoastronautshadbeentrainedforalongtimebeforetheyflewtospace.•—Oh，they__________________(go)throughquitealotofdifficulties.•【答案】1.can2.shouldn't3.shall4.musthaveleft5.must6.Could7.needn't/don'thaveto；must8.musthavegone