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——45个基本介词的用法1、about【原始含义】a-b-out“A在B外面”【引申含义】[prep]（1）在…到处，在…各处hereandthereeg:Wewanderedaboutthetownforanhourorso.Helookedabouttheroom.（2）在…附近nexttoaplaceeg.Shelivesabouttheoffice.（3）关于inconnectionwitheg:abookaboutEnglishstudyIdon’tknowwhatyouaretalkingabout.[adv]（1）大约closetoeg:Weleftthereabout10o’clock.Itcostsabout500dollars.（2）到处，各处eg:Thechildrenwererushingaboutinthegarden.（3）在附近eg:Thereisnofoodabout.【常见搭配】作介词时的搭配:一.动词+(about+名词)（1）arrange(aboutsth)安排关于某事（2）argue(aboutsth)讨论某事（3）ask(aboutsth)询问关于某事（4）boast(aboutsb/sth)吹嘘...（5）care(aboutsb/sth)关心…,对…感兴趣（6）chat(aboutsth)谈论某事（7）complain(aboutsb/sth)抱怨…（8）dream(aboutsb/sth)梦见某人/某物（9）go(aboutsth)着手做...；从事...（10）hear(aboutsth)听说...（11）know(aboutsth)了解...（12）learn(aboutsth)得知某事（13）put(aboutsth)散布（谣言等）（14）quarrel(aboutsth)为...争吵（15）see(aboutsth)负责处理...（16）talk(aboutsth)谈论...（17）think(aboutsth)考虑..（18）warnsb(aboutsth)告诫某人关于某事（19）wonder(aboutsb/sth)对..好奇（20）worry(aboutsb/sth)对...担心二、名词+(about+名词)（1）concern(aboutsb/sth)对…的关心/关怀（2）curiosity(aboutsb/sth)对…的好奇（3）doubt(aboutsb/sth)对…的怀疑（4）ethusiasm(aboutsth)对…的热情（5）information(aboutsb/sth)关于…的信息（6）remark(aboutsth)对…的评论（7）opinion(aboutsth)对…的意见（8）view(aboutsb/sth)对...的观点三、be+adj+(about+名词)（1）beangry(aboutsth)为…而生气（2）beanxious(aboutsth)为…忧虑（3）becareful(aboutsth)当心…（4）becautious(aboutsth)谨防...；对...持谨慎态度（5）becertain(aboutsth)确信关于某事（6）becurious(aboutsth)对…感到好奇（7）bedisappointed(aboutsth)对…感到失望（8）beexcited(aboutsth)对…感到兴奋（9）beglad/happy(aboutsth)对…感到高兴（10）behopeful(aboutsth)对…抱有希望（11）becrazy/mad/wild(aboutsth)对…痴狂；酷爱某事（12）benervous(aboutsth)为…感到不安/因...感到紧张（13）beoptimistic/positive(aboutsth)对...是积极乐观的（14）beparticular(aboutsb/sth)对...讲究，挑剔（15）besad(aboutsth)为…而难过（16）beserious(aboutsth)对…认真（17）besorry(aboutsth)对...抱歉作副词时的搭配:名词+动词+about（1）sthcomeabout某事发生（2）sthgetabout某事（尤指消息等）传开（3）sbturnabout某人转身（4）sbwanderabout某人徘徊，游荡（5）sbwalkabout某人走来走去2、above【原始含义】a-b-over“A在B上方”【引申含义】prep.（1）在…上方atortoahigherplacethansth/sbeg:Thesunroseabovethehorizon.（2）数目大于…/重量超过…/价格（能力、地位）高于…morethansth.;greaterinnumber,leveloragethansb./sth.eg:Thereisnothinginthestoreabove50cents.（3）重要性或质量超过、胜过ofgreaterimportanceorofhigherqualitythansb/stheg.Irateherabovemostotherplayersofherage.（4）声音超过…louderorclearerthananothersoundeg:Icouldn’thearherabovethenoiseofthetraffic.（5）不至于，不屑于做某事toogoodortoohonesttodostheg.Sheisabovesuspicion.【常见搭配】一、动词+(above+名词)（1）live(aboveone’sincome)入不敷出地生活（2）putA(aboveB)把A看得比B更重要（3）rise(abovesth)克服...,不受....的影响（4）talk(aboveone’shead)高深莫测地谈论二、be+(above+名词)（1）be(aboveoneself)兴高采烈=beinone’shighspirit（2）be(aboveone’shead)难以理解/超出某人理解能力3、across【原始含义】a-grass“一片草坪”，across指在平面上经过，就像人走过一片草坪那样。【引申含义】prep.（1）穿过fromonesidetotheothersideeg:Shewalkedacrosstheroad.（2）在...对面ontheothersideofsth.eg:Thebarisjustacrossthestreet.（3）交叉crosseg:Hesatwithhisarmsacrosshischest.（4）在...各处，遍及...everywhereeg.Theopinioniscommonacrosstheuniversity.【常见搭配】动词+(across+名词)（1）Acome(acrossB)A偶遇B（2）Acut(acrossB)A走B捷径；A打断B（3）Ago(acrossB)A穿过B（4）Aput(acrossB)A解释清楚B；A把B送到对岸（5）Arun(acrossB)A横穿B；A偶然碰到B4、after【原始含义】“A在B之后（强调顺序）”【引申含义】[prep]（1）在…之后（时间顺序、空间顺序）laterthansth;followingsthintimeeg:Afterdinner,theywentoutforawalk.（1）在…后面，仅次于（按重要性）nexttothefollowingeg.Yournamecomesaftermineinthelist.（2）与…对照、对比incontrasttostheg.Itwascoolaftertheheatoutside.（3）照着…的样子followingtheexampleofsb/stheg:Readthesentenceafterme,please.[adv]后来、以后laterintime,afterwordseg:Soonafter,shecamebacktoherhometown.Theprinceandprincesslivedhappilyeverafter.【常见搭配】作介词时的搭配一、名词+动词+(after+名词)（1）Achase(afterB)A追赶/追求B（2）Ago(afterB)A追逐B.（3）Alook(afterB)A照顾B.（4）Amodel(afterB)A以B为榜样、原型；A效仿B（5）Aname(afterB)A用B作名字.（6）Arun(afterB)A追求/追赶/追逐B.（7）Asearch(afterB)A研究B.（8）Asee(afterB)A照顾B（9）Aseek(afterB)A寻找B.（10）Atake(afterB)A与B相像.二、（after+名词）（1）(afterawhile)过了一会，不久（2）(afterall)毕竟；终究（3）(afterone’sownheart)正合...的心意；5、against【原始含义】a-g-a“相对”【引申含义】[prep]（1）碰着、靠着touching,closetoorhittingsb/stheg:Shewasleaningagainstatree.（2）反对opposingordisagreeingwithsb./stheg:Weshouldfightagainstcrimes.（3）预防inordertopreventsthfromhappeningeg:Savemoneyagainstarainyday.未雨绸缪（4）违反（违反法律、制度）eg:Itisagainstthelawtohunttigers.（5）不利于nottotheadvantageorfavorofsb./stheg:Whathesaidisagainsthim.（6）映衬withsthinthebackgroundasacontrastEg.Theredflagstoodoutclearlyagainstthebluesky.（7）和…相比incontrasttostheg.Youmustweighthebenefitsagainstthecost.【常见搭配】一、动词+(against+名词)（1）act(againststh)违反...（2）argue(againststh)为...而争辩/据理反对（3）compete(againstsb)与某人比赛/竞争/对抗（4）decide(againststh/doingsth)考虑后不做某事/声明反对某事（5）declare(againstsb/sth)表态反对...（6）fight(againststh)反对…；与...做斗争（7）go(againststh)违反…（8）inform(againstsb)告发、检举某人（9）lean(againststh)靠着某物/斜靠某物（10）offend(againststh)违犯…（11）press(againststh)压在…上（12）protect(againststh)保护免受…的伤害（13）prepare(againststh)防备…（14）strike(againststh)罢工抗议...（15）struggle(againstsb/sth)与...搏斗/反抗（16）turn(againststh)背叛…（17）vote(againststh)投票反对…（18）warnsb(againststh)提醒某人提防某事二、be+adj+(against+名词)（1）beprejudiced(againstsb/sth)对...持有偏见（2）beproof(againststh)可防止…的（3）beset(againststh)坚决反对...6、around【原始含义】a+round“A在一个圆里面（在一定范围内）”【引申含义】[prep]（1）在…周围,围绕surroundingsb/stheg:Therearema