课程内容1.概念2.引导词3.一般(选择/反意)疑问句4.特殊疑问句5.祈使句6.时态不变的情况7.相应的一些变化8.语序9.专项练习概念•引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。引导词•1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that引导。例如:•Shesaid,Iamveryhappytohelpyou.→•Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.一般(选择/反意)疑问句•直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if引导。例如:•Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?→•Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.•注意:大多数情况下,if和whether可以互换,但后有ornot,或在动词不定式前,或放在介词后作连接词时,一般只用whether。例如:•Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot.•Hehesitatedaboutwhethertodriveortakethetrain.特殊疑问句•直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。例如:•Mysisteraskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?→•MysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm.祈使句•4.直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order等的宾语。例如:•Thecaptainordered,Bequiet.→•Thecaptainorderedustobequiet.•注意:此种情况的否定句,在动词不定式前加not。•Myteacheraskedme,Don'tlaugh.→•Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.时态不变的情况•直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,变成间接引语时,时态不变。例如:•Theytoldtheirson,Theearthgoesroundthesun.→•Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.相应的变化•直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如:this/that→these/those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→there等。例如:•Hesaid,Ihaven'tseenhertoday.→•Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.•注意:如果转述时就在原来的地方,就在说话的当天,就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。语序•间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如:•HeaskedLucy,Wheredidyougo?→•HeaskedLucywhereshewent.•Tomsaid,Whatdoyouwant,Ann?→•TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted.