本科毕业设计说明书频繁爆破振动对框架结构楼房质量影响的研究STUDYONTHEINFLUENCEOFFREQUENTBLASTINGVIBRATIONONTHEQUALITYOFFRAMESTRUCTUREBUILDINGS学院(部):化学工程学院专业班级:弹药工程与爆炸技术12-5学生姓名:付傲然指导教师:李洪伟副教授2016年5月30日安徽理工大学毕业设计I频繁爆破振动对框架结构楼房质量影响的研究摘要现如今,随着爆破技术越来越普遍的应用于建筑行业、采矿及其他工业,工程爆破(岩石爆破和城市控制拆除爆破)已成为当今及其常见的工程施工技术。矿山、采石场和楼房地基的某些情况下的建设,都需要进行岩石爆破;而在旧城改造的过程中,也少不了城市控制拆除爆破这项技术的运用。但是,在带来诸多便利的同时,工程爆破的危害,特别是爆破振动的危害,会给我们带来不少的困扰。它会使邻近建筑物或构筑物产生某些破坏,使其周围地质产生诸如塌方和危石之类的危险因素,这会给经济建设进程带来不少不必要的阻碍,比如产生某些不必要的经济纠纷或重大安全事故,造成不必要的损失。本文将从爆破地震波的参数着手,主要是对所实地测得数据进行分析,全面探讨爆破地震波对框架结构建筑物动力作用的特点,从而为进一步有效控制爆破地振动造成的危害提供参考。为了能搞清爆破振动对框架结构的影响,本文大致从两方面对这个问题进行探讨,一是说明爆破振动波的传播规律,二是研究框架结构楼房对爆破地震波的动力响应问题。文章通过对某框架楼房内的爆破振动实地测试,并进行适当的数据处理,得出普遍情况下框架结构楼房内不同地点对爆破振动的响应规律。最后围绕爆破地震波的三要素,通过分析得出框架结构楼房在频繁爆破振动作用下,不同位置和不同楼层的振动幅度呈现一定的规律。本文的结论在一定程度上说明了框架结构楼房对爆破地震波的响应特点,且在工程实践中得以证实,具有一定的可信度,可以用于实际工程的参考。关键词:频繁爆破振动,爆破地震波,框架结构楼房,测震仪安徽理工大学毕业设计IISTUDYONTHEINFLUENCEOFFREQUENTBLASTINGVIBRATIONONTHEQUALITYOFFRAMESTRUCTUREBUILDINGSABSTRACTNowadays,withmoreandmorewidespreadapplicationofblastingtechnologyintheconstructionindustry,miningandotherindustrialengineeringblasting(rockblastingandcontrolledblastingdemolitionofcity)hasbecomethecommonengineeringandconstructiontechnology.Theconstructionofsomemines,quarriesandbuildingfoundationundertheneedintheprocessofrockblasting;thetransformationoftheoldcityinthecity,andultimatelycontrolleddemolitionusingblastingofthistechnology.However,itbringsmanyconveniences,hazardsofblastingengineering,especiallythehazardofblastingvibration,willbringnolesstroubletous.Itwillmaketheadjacentbuildingsorstructurescausedsomedamagetothesurroundingrockhazardsuchaslandslideanddangerousrocklikefactors,thiswillgivetheprocessofeconomicconstruction,bringalotofunnecessaryobstacles,suchasthegenerationofsomeunnecessaryeconomicdisputesormajoraccidents,causeNecessarylosses.Thispaperwillfromtheblastingseismicwaveparametersset,mainlyonthefieldmeasureddataanalysis,acomprehensivestudyofblastingseismicwaveofframestructurebuildingdynamiccharacteristics,soastofurthereffectivecontrolblastingvibrationdamagetoprovidereference.Inordertounderstandtheinfluenceofblastingvibrationontheframestructure,thisarticlefromtwoaspectsofthisproblemarediscussed,oneistoexplainthepropagationlawofblastingvibrationwave,twoistheresponseofframebuildingonthepowerofblastingseismicwave.Theblastingvibrationofaframebuildinginthefieldtest,andappropriatedataprocessing,differentplacebuildingframestructureundergeneralconditionsonResponseLawofblastingvibration.Finally,aroundthethreeelementsofblastingseismicwave,throughtheanalysisofframebuildinginfrequentblastingearthquakeaction,differentpositionsanddifferentfloorvibrationamplitudeshowedacertainpattern.Theresultsshowthattheframestructureofthebuildinginresponsetothecharacteristicsoftheblastingseismicwaveinacertainextent,anditwasprovedintheengineeringpractice,hasacertaincredibility,canbeusedinpracticalengineering.安徽理工大学毕业设计IIIKEYWARDS:frequentblastingvibration,blastingseismicwave,、framestructurebuilding,seismicinstrument安徽理工大学毕业设计i目录摘要(中文)..............................................................I摘要(外文).............................................................II1绪论....................................................................11.1引言..............................................................11.2相关领域的研究现状................................................11.2.1爆破地震参数计算的相关研究及现状.............................21.2.2爆破振动危害评价标准的研究...................................31.3课题的研究内容....................................................52爆破地震波形成的机理及其在对框架结构的影响..............................72.1概述..............................................................72.2爆破地震波的形成机理...............................................72.3爆破地震波的特性..................................................72.4爆破地震波的传播规律..............................................82.5爆破地震对框架结构的影响.........................................103爆破振动的危害及预防措施...............................................113.1爆破振动的危害...................................................113.1.1爆破振动对人的危害..........................................113.1.2爆破振动对建(构)筑物的危害................................113.1.3爆破振动对环境的危害........................................113.2爆破振动影响下框架楼房的减震措施.................................123.2.1楼房方面采取的措施..........................................123.2.2爆破施工方面采取的措施......................................124爆破振动的测试以及数据处理.............................................144.1爆破振动的测试原理...............................................144.2爆破振动的测试方法...............................................144.2.1测震传感器..................................................144.2.2爆破振动自记仪..............................................144.3爆破振动的实例分析及数据处理.....................................164.3.1现场情况概述................................................174.3.2现场测试方案................................................184.3.3测试结果与数据处理..........................................18安徽理工大学毕业设计ii5总结...................................................................315.1结论..................................................