周永鹏-概要写作-教学设计

概要写作教学设计台州一中周永鹏LearningGoals:1.Learnaboutthemainfeaturesofanexposition2.Learnhowtofindthemainpointsineachparagraph3.Learntousevariouswaystoexpressthemainpoints4.Learntousetransitiontomakethesummarycoherent5.Learntousechecklisttomakecommentonasummary6.LearnabouttheimportanceofsafedrivingTeachingProcedure:Step1Lead-inT:First,Iwanttoshowyousomepictures.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetrafficaccidents?S:Trafficaccidentsaredangerous.T:Yes,theyarenotonlydangerousbutalsoverycommon.Accordingtoasurvey,mostcausesoftrafficaccidentsarerelatedwithdrivers.Canyoulistsomereasons?S:Speeding;Tireddriving;Drunkdriving;Carelessdriving;UsingcellphoneswhiledrivingStep2DeterminethetexttypeandmainaspectofeachparagraphT:Todaywewillfocusonapassageonasocialphenomenon,whichisusingcellphoneswhiledriving.Doyouthinkwhataspectswillbementionedinthepassage?S:cause;effect;solution;opinionandsoon.Cause:NotmentionedNegativeeffect:Para2Solution:Para3/4Opinion:Para1/5T:Whatisthestyleofthepassage?S:A.Narration(记叙)B.Exposition(说明)C.Argumentation(议论)Step3DisplaythebasicrequirementofasummaryASummaryWritingonUsingcellphoneswhiledrivingshouldbe:1.Complete(完整)Itincludesallthemain&supportingpointsusingyourownwords.2.Concise(简洁)Itomitsunnecessarydetailslikeexamples,explanationsandotherunimportantinformation;(40~80words)3.Coherent(连贯)Itisaparagraphwithnecessarytransitionstomakeitflow.4.Correct(正确)Itshouldbewritteninagrammaticallycorrectway5.Objective(客观)Itdoesn'tcontainyourownideasoremotionsonthetopic.Step4Findthemainpointsandmaketheoutline[Para1&5:author'sopinion]Para1Cellphonesareusedeverywhere,butontheroadtheyareadangerousdistractiontodriversandshouldbeforbidden.Para5Cellphonescanbeaveryimportantlinkinemergencies,butdriversneedtousethemwisely.AsprofessionalracerJohnAndrettisays,“Drivingsafelyisyourfirstresponsibility.”Thebestroadtosafetyistojusthangupanddrive.[Para2:negativeeffect]Para2TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinereportedthat“driversusingacellphonewerefourtimesmorelikelytohaveanaccidentthanthosenotusingaphone.”Themajorproblemisthatthedriverisnotfocusedontheroad,butonhisorherconversation.Cellphonedriversareveryunpredictable:theydrivetoofastortooslow,makeimproperturns,runredlights,andevenstopatgreenones.It’snotonlyannoying;it’sdangerous.Accidentsrelatedtocellphonesincluderear-endingothervehicles,runningoffaroadandcrashingintotrees,fences,andbuildings,andeventurningover.[Para3&4:solution]Para3InOctoberattheCaliforniaTrafficSafetySummit,expertsshowedthat“cellphonesusedbydriversleadtoatleast1,000deathsperyearinCalifornia.”Thesearethesameproblemsthatoccurwithdrunkdriving,whichisagainstthelawandstrictlyenforced(强制执行).Forthesamereasons,Californianeedslawthatrestricttheuseofcellphonesincars.Para4Untilwetakeactiontopassnewlaws,driversatleastneedtobemoreresponsiblewhenusingcellphones.TheAmericanAutomobileAssociationrecommendsthatdriverspullofftheroadbeforeusingacellphone,haveapassengeruseitforthem,orusevoicemailtoanswercalls.Anothersuggestionistokeepthephoneoffwhilemovingorsimplynottouseitinthecar.Beforeusingacellphone,driversshouldaskthemselves,“Isthiscallreallythatimportant?”{Outline}:Point1：Cellphonesusedontheroadareadangerousdistractiontodriversandshouldbeforbidden.Point2：Driversusingacellphoneweremorelikelytohaveanaccidentthanthosenotusingaphone.Point3：Governmentneedslawthatrestricttheuseofcellphonesincars.Point4：Untilwetakeactiontopassnewlaws,driversatleastneedtobemoreresponsiblewhenusingcellphones.Point5：Cellphonescanbeaveryimportantlinkinemergencies,butdriversneedtousethemwisely.Thebestroadtosafetyistojusthangupanddrive.Step5PracticedifferentwaystoexpressthesamemessagePoint1：Cellphonesusedontheroadareadangerousdistractiontodriversandshouldbeforbidden.(同义转换)adangerousdistractionto:1.distractthedrivers'attention2.cause/contributeto/bringaboutharmfuldistractionto3.driverstendtobedistracted(同义转换)usingcellphoneswhiledrivingshouldbeforbidden:1.phonesshouldn'tbeallowedontheroad2.putabanonusingphonesontheroad3.shouldbepreventedfromusingphones(同义转换)Cellphonesusedontheroadareadangerousdistractiontodriversandshouldbeforbidden.1.Usingcellphoneswhiledrivingcandistractthedrivers'attentionandshouldbebanned.2.Cellphonesshouldn'tbeallowedontheroadbecausetheycauseharmfuldistractiontodrivers.3.Driversshouldbepreventedfromusingcellphoneswhiledrivingbecausetheytendtobedistracted.Step6HaveatrytowriteasummaryStep7LearntousetransitiontomakethesummarycoherentUsingcellphoneswhiledrivingcandistractthedrivers'attentionandshouldbebanned.Drivershaveahigherrateofaccidentsduetoalackofconcentrationontheroad.1__________________,weneedlawtolimitthecellphonesuse.2_____________,theyshouldusecellphonesinamoreresponsibleway.3____________,cellphonesareimportantandshouldbeusedwisely.Wehadbetternotusethemwhiledriving.(75words)Transition：1.后果与措施之间：1)therefore;so（连词）2)tosolvetheproblem;tohandlethiscase;todealwithittoreduceaccidents/death;becausetheaccidentshappenfrequently;becauseofthelargenumberofaccidents;becauseofthebadeffect（问题出发）3)tomakedrivingsafe;toensuredrivingsafety（安全目的）2.措施与措施之间:1.asfordrivers;2.