2018年中考英语总复习语法(四)介词优秀版

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菏泽语法四介词考点1时间介词(1)in,on,at(2)during,induring和in都表示一段时间。但during更加强调时间的延续性,可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。(3)for,sincefor和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意,“for+时间段”表示“延续多久”,作时间状语时,句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时;since后接表示时间点的短语,意为“自从(过去某时)以来”,说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间,常与完成时连用。(4)in,afterin和after后都可以接时间段,表示“……(时间)之后”,in用于将来时,after用于过去时。(5)by,beforeby表示“截止至……;到……为止”,包括其后的时间;before则表示“在某时之前”,不包括其后的时间。YoushouldgetyourhomeworkbyFriday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。(包含星期五)CanyoucomeandmeetmebeforeFriday?你能在星期五之前来见我吗?(不包含星期五)1.(2017·黄冈中考)—Ihaven'tfinishedthebookreportofJourneytotheWest.It'ssodifficult.—Youshouldhurryup.Thereportisdue__threedays.A.inB.forC.onD.atA2.(2017·滨州中考)—Thanks__ourgovernment,wecanplaysportsonthenewplaygroundnextweek.—That'sforsure!Andwe'llhaveasportsmeeting___onemonth.A.for;inB.to;inC.for;afterD.to;afterB3.(2017·临沂中考)AcouplefromAustraliawelcomedfivehealthybabies__January.A.atB.inC.forD.on4.(2017·济宁中考)TheDragonBoatFestivalis__thefifthdayofMayonthelunarcalendar(阴历).A.inB.onC.atD.byBB5.(2017·北京中考)Moreandmoreyoungpeoplegoskating__winter.A.atB.inC.onD.to6.(2017·福建中考)ChinasuccessfullyhostedtheBeltandRoadForum__May,2017.A.onB.inC.byBB7.(2017·怀化中考)—Whattimedoyouusuallygetuponweekends?—Iusuallygetup__7o'clockinthemorning.A.atB.inC.onA考点2方位介词(1)across,through,pastacross强调从表面横过;through强调从内部穿过;past强调从旁边经过。across,through,past的区别三个词都表示“穿过”,但是穿过的位置不同,这是考生经常触雷的地方。(2)in,on,over,abovein“在……里面”,通常指被包含在某物之内;on“在……上面”,与表面有接触,反义词是beneath;over“在……之上”,指在物体的正上方或覆盖在物体表面,反义词是under;above“在……之上,高于……”,指在上方,不一定是垂直的正上方,其反义词是below。(3)between,among表示在两者之间用between;在三者或三者以上之间用among。(4)in/on/to+方位名词的用法8.(2017·德州中考)Awomanstood__thewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggamesinthegarden.A.pastB.throughC.acrossD.byD9.HongKongis__thesouthofChina,andMacaois__thewestofHongKong.A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in10.(2017·成都中考)Ican'tseeLucybecausesheis__thetree.A.infrontofB.behindC.nexttoAB11.(2017·上海中考)ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCity__theairport.A.atB.underC.onD.with12.Themoonlightisshiningin__thewindow.Everythingintheroomlooksnice.A.overB.acrossC.throughD.pastAC考点3方式介词(1)in,by,within指“用”某种材料,“用”某种表达方式或度量单位,“用”某种语言或语言活动的方式;by“用……方式”,后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名词作宾语;with表示“用”一种具体的工具或手段。(2)by,on,in+交通工具当交通工具前没有限定词修饰时,介词只能用by;当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代词等)时,介词可用on,也可用in,但不可用by。HehasreturnedtoBeijingbyair.他已乘飞机返回北京。Theygotoworkontheirbikes.他们是骑自行车上班的。Iwillpickyouupattheairportinmycar.我将开车去机场接你。by,on,in+交通工具的区别有无限定词修饰时,应该用哪个介词是考生经常触雷的一个点。13.Imadecoat__myhand.Itwasmade___handnotwithamachine.A.in;inB.in;withC.with;byD.with;withC14.Weareaskedtowrite__ink,thatis,___apen.A.with;inB.in;inC.in;withD.with;with15.(2017·海南中考)Mr.Zhaoisgoingtotheairport__taxi.A.inB.onC.byCC16.Canyouanswerthequestion__French?A.byB.withC.fromD.in17.Tomwenttoschool__hisbike,andI__myfather'scar.A.in;inB.by;onC.on;inD.on;onDC考点4常用固定搭配What/Howabout...?……怎么样?withthehelpof...在……的帮助下from...to...从……到……between...and...在……和……之间getto到达onduty值日;值班18.(2017·咸宁中考)—ZhengHewasaMingDynasty__thatweChinesepeopleareproudof.—Iagreewithyou.Heevensucceeded___sailingtotheeastcoastofAfrica.A.tourist;toB.philosopher;inC.inventor;toD.explorer;inD19.(2017·淮安中考)Musichasbecomeabridge__theEastandtheWest.A.inB.atC.amongD.between20.(2017·武威中考)Thewholefamilywere__agreementaboutwhattheyshoulddonext.A.aboutB.ofC.inD.onDC21.(2017·十堰中考)Hedidallthis__silence,andveryrapidly.A.atB.inC.withD.of22.(2017·宿迁中考)Yourglovesshouldbemade__leather,fortheyfeelsoftandsmooth.A.inB.onC.forD.ofBD23.(2017·乌鲁木齐中考)—Yourbestfriendisreallytalented__learningforeignlanguages.—Yes,heisalsogood__othersubjects.A.in;withB.at;forC.in;atD.at;toC考点5其他常考介词(1)without“没有”,后面接名词、代词或动名词。Shejustleftwithoutsayingaword.她一句话也没说就走了。(2)including“包含;包括”Thepriceis$100,includingyourmeals.价钱是100美元,包括你的饭钱。(3)with“和;具有,带有;用,以;由于”,常表示伴随。Shecamebackwithaletterinherhand.她手里拿着一封信回来了。(4)against“反对;靠着,倚着”,反义词为for,表示“支持”。Thereisaladderagainstthewall.有架梯子靠在墙上。(5)except,exceptfor,but,besides①except表示“除……之外(不再有)”,强调不被包括在内。TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.办公室除了星期天以外天天开门。②exceptfor“除……之外”,表示整体情况良好,局部出现问题。Thearticleisgoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.除了一些拼写错误,这个文章整体还是很好的。③but与except同义,表示“除了”,常用于noone,nobody,all等代词后。There'snoonebutme.这里除了我没有别人。④besides“除……之外还有”。WhatlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesChineseandEnglish?除了汉语和英语以外你还懂什么语言?(6)as作介词,意思是“作为;以……身份”。HecametoChinaasatouristfiveyearsago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。Englishisusedasaforeignlanguageinourcountry.英语作为一门外语在我国被使用。(7)infrontof与inthefrontofinfrontof“在……的前面”,指某一范围以外的前面,反义词是behind;inthefrontof...“在……的前面”,指某一范围以内的前面,反义词是atthebackof。MissGaoisstandingatthefrontoftheclassroom.高老师站在教室的前面。(指某一范围内的前面)Thereisatalltreeinfrontofthehouse.房子前面有一棵大树。(指某一范围以外的前面)24.Whatdoyouspendyourtimeon__workingandstudying?A.exceptB.besidesC.butB25.Weneedfifteenmorepeople__thetwentyofustodothejob.A.besidesB.andC.exceptA26.—DidyouknowwhereMr.Smithlived?—NooneknewwhereMr.Smithlived__hisdaughter.A.besidesB.andC.except27.Thirtypassengerswerehurt,__fivechildren.A.includeB.includingC.includedD.includesCB洁心与大熊在进入高中的第一天相识,两人都是大个子,分座位的时候,老师让男女生各排一队,一队一个次第走到座位上,最后一排有六张桌子,洁心谦虚地站到一个比自己矮一点点的女生前面,与大熊成了同桌他们一个15岁,一个16岁,花开的季节。初学立体几何,大熊用小纸壳手工助洁心理解立体与平面的迥异,地理考试这对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