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L/O/G/OPubcultureofUKandtheUSAcontents.thepubinUKthepubintheUSAthepubinUKVisitorstoBritainmayfindthebestplacetosamplelocalcultureisinatraditionalpub.Butthesefriendlyhostelriescanbeminefieldsofpotentialgaffesfortheuninitiated.访问英国的人会发现传统英国酒吧是最能领略当地文化的地方。但对于初来乍到的异国人来说，这些友善的酒吧却犹如潜藏着有惹事危险的地雷区。thepubinUK(1)1.AmazinglyfortheBritish,wholovequeues,thereisnoformalline-up----thebarstaffareskilledatknowingwhoseturnitis.就爱排队的英国人而言，酒吧里看不到正式的排队，这令人感到惊讶。2.Youarepermittedtotrytoattractattention,buttherearerulesabouthowtodothis.Payattention!Donotcallouttapcoinsonthecounter,snapyourfingerorwavelikeadrowningswimmer.Donotscowlorsighorrollyoureyes.酒保有本领知道该轮到谁了。你可以做些动作引起酒保的注意，但有规可循。不要大声嚷嚷，不要在吧台面上敲击钱币，不要叭叭地弹手指，不要像快淹死的人那样挥动手臂，不要绷着脸，不要唉声叹气，不要翻动眼珠。thepubinUK(2)(unit:$)3.Andwhateveryoudo,donotringthebellhangingbehindthecounter---thisisusedbythelandlordtosignalclosingtime.在不该干的事当中还绝对不要摇晃挂在吧台后面的铃，那是酒吧老板用的，表示关门时间到了。4.Thekeythingistocatchthebarworker'seyes.Youcouldalsoholdanemptyglassorsomemoney,butdonotwavethemabout.Doadoptanexpectant,hopeful,evenslightlyanxiousfacialexpression.Ifyoulooktoocontentedandcomplacent,thebarstaffmayassumeyouarealreadybeingserved关键是你要让酒保看见你。你可以举起空杯子或钱，可不要摇晃。你脸上可以流露等待、期望，甚至略带焦急的表情。你如果显得太心满意足的样子，酒保会认为他们已经为你提供服务了。thepubinUK(3)AlwayssaypleaseandtrytoremembersomeoftheBritishbarstaffspethates.Theydonotlikepeopletokeepotherswaitingwhiletheymakeuptheirminds.Theydon'tlikepeoplestandingidlyagainstthebarwhentherearealotofcustomerswantingforservice.AndtheydonotlikepeoplewhowaituntiltheendoftheorderbeforeaskingforsuchdrinksasGuinnessstoutwhichtakeconsiderablylongertopourthanotherdrinks.thepubinUK(4)Speakingoftips,youshouldneverofferthebarstaffacashgratuity.Thecorrectbehaviouristoofferthemadrink.Pubspridethemselvesontheiregalitarianatmosphere.Atipincashwouldbeareminderoftheirservicerole,whereastheofferofadrinkisafriendlygesture.说到“小费”，你可千万别给酒保现金以表示谢意。正确的做法是请酒保喝一盅。酒吧为自己的平等气氛感到自豪。现金小费会使人想到酒保是伺候人的，而请喝一杯则是友好的表示。BritishPub-goer'sMannerPub-goerswillindicateinunspokenwaysiftheyareinterestedinchatting.Concentrateonthosewhohaveboughtdrinksandarestillloiteringatthebar.Thosewhohavemovedtositattablesareprobablynotseekingcompany.Lookforpeoplewithopenbodylanguage,facingoutwardsintotheroom.好，你现在喝上酒了，那又怎么和当地人接触呢？上酒吧的人如果有兴趣交谈的话，会用非言语方式表现出来。注意那些已经买了酒可还在吧台前晃荡的人。那些已经离开吧台，找到椅子坐下的人可能只想独斟。找那些脸朝外，朝屋里人看，用形体语言表示“可接触”的人。BritishPub-goer'sManner(2)Don'teverintroduceyourselfwithanoutstretchedhandandabigsmile.Nativeswillcringeandsquirmwithembarrassmentatsuchbrashness.TheBritish,quitefrankly,donotwanttoknowyournameandshakeyourhand--oratleastnotuntilaproperdegreeofmutualinteresthasbeenwellestablished(likemaybewhenyoumarrytheirdaughter).千万不要伸出手来笑容满面地自我介绍。对于这种轻率鲁莽，当地人会因尴尬而战战兢兢。坐立不安。坦率地说，英国人不想知道你的姓名，也不想跟你握手--至少在相互间尚未形成某种共同利益（譬如当你娶他们的女儿为妻）之前不会。BritishPub-goer'sManner(3)Talkgenerallyabouttheweather,thebeerorthepubandatanappropriatemoment,offertoyournewfoundcompanionadrink.ThisexchangeiskeytofeelingpartofthepubcrowdandtherebygettingtoknowmoreaboutBritainthanitstouristsspots.Theritualofsharing--buyingroundsofdrinksinturn--isofgreatsignificance.ThisisbecausetheBritishmaleisfrightenedofintimacy,findsitdifficulttoexpressfriendlyinterestinothermalesandcanbesomewhataggressiveinhismanner.可以跟人泛泛地谈天气，谈啤酒，或者谈所在的酒吧。在适当的时刻主动提出给你新找到的同伴买酒。这种相互请酒是感受自己是酒吧群体中一员的关键作法，从而可以更多了解旅游点以外的英国。轮流买酒分担费用的习俗有它重要意义。这是因为英国男人害怕亲密，他们对其他男性表示友好有困难，举止行为上多少有可能不甚和善BritishPub-goer'sManner(4)IfyouarehavingBritishfriendsorbusinesscontracts,oneofyourhostswillprobablybuythefirstround,butyoushouldbequicktoofferthenext.Therighttimetooffertobuyadrinkiswhentheirglassesarestillaquarterfull.ThelineofIt'smyround--Whatareyouhaving?maynotbeinyourphrasebook,butitisoneofthemostusefulsentencesintheEnglishlanguage.你如果和英国朋友在一起或者在洽谈商业合同，接待你的主人中有一位可能买第一轮酒，而你应该很快表示买下一轮的。在对方杯子里的酒还剩下四分之一时，就是你该提出买酒的时候了。“这轮由我买--你喝的是什么？”这句话在你的英语小册子里可能没有，但它却是英国语言中非常有用的一句话。PubintheUSATypicalAmericanpubs,oftenknownas'bars'offeraplaceforinner-cityworkerstorelaxafterahardday'sworkandmeetupwithfriends.Afocalpointofthistypeofpubisthetelevisionset,whichwillbetunedintonewsprograms,serialtelevisionshowsandsportsprograms,suchasbaseballorAmericanfootball.Manyofthesepubshavelarge-screentelevisions,andusethesetoenticecustomersin.传统的美国酒吧，常常被叫做BAR，它们为城市中辛苦工作一天的人们提供一个放松身心和朋友聚会的场所。在这种酒吧中最重要的就是电视机，经常播放新闻节目、电视连续剧以及像棒球和足球这类体育节目。许多酒吧会放置一台大荧幕的电视机，用他们招揽顾客PubintheUSA(2)Americanpubsareagreatplacetogoforagoodmealandaglassofbeerorwinewithfriends.Theyusuallyofferafullmenuincludingsuchthingsashamburgers,steaks,saladsandsnacks.Alotofthesepubsalsofeatureacomprehensiveselectionofimportedwinesandbeersaswellaslocalbeerontap.Duringtheday,whenasportsfinalisontelevision,thepubcangetprettynoisy.ManyAmericanpubsalsoofferlivemusicatnighttime,whichcanbegreatfordancingorjustbackgroundnoise.美国酒吧是用餐或者和朋友们喝一杯的好地方。他们通常会提供一份包罗了汉堡、牛排、沙拉和各种小吃的内容全面的菜单。许多酒吧还会以提供各种进口的葡萄酒、啤酒以及装在附带龙头的酒桶里的地方啤酒等广泛选择为特色。在白天，如果电视里正在播放一场体育比赛的总决赛，酒吧里会十分吵闹。在晚间，酒吧会播放生动的音乐，可以跳舞或者只是作为背景音乐。PubintheUSA(3)Whengoingtothepubwithfriendsforadrink,it'sbesttobuydrinksinrounds.Sothat,onepersonbuysthedrinksforeveryone,th