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概念：由一个完整的句子充当整个句子的宾语，这个从句就是宾语从句。它一般放在动词、介词或形容词后面。使用宾语从句时应注意四个方面：一、语序无论主句用什么语序（陈述句或疑问句），宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。Eg:TheyaskedmehowoldIwas.Doyouaskhimifhecanunderstandthat?应用中应注意：①当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,say等词时，一般要把宾语从句的连接代词或副词移到句首。Eg:Whodoyouthinkcomesfirst?Whydoyousaythatiswrong?②在某些带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的句子前常加it作形式宾语。Eg:IfinditcleartomethatIshouldstudyhard.二、连词1.如果宾语从句是陈述句，则用连词that来引导。That本身无实际意义，也不在宾语从句中充当任何成分，因此在口语和非正式文体中常省略。Eg:Shesaid(that)shewouldbebackinthreeweeks.Hetoldtheteacher(that)hehadfinisheddoinghishomework.2.如果宾语从句为一般疑问句，用连词if或Whether引导。Eg:Iwonderif(whether)hewillhelpme.注意在下列情况下一般用whether,而不用if.①作介词的宾语时，用whether，而不用if.Eg:Iaminterestedinwhetherhe’llgotohaveapicnic.②whether引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。Eg:Whetherthisistrueornot,Iamnotsure.③后面紧接ornot时，只用whether.Eg:Wedidn’tknowthetherornotshehadcome.④用if会引起歧义时，只用whether.eg:Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikeit.(“请告诉我你是否喜欢”或“如果你喜欢，请告诉我”。)3.如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句，则用连接代词如who,whose,what,which和连接副词如when,where,why,how引导。Eg:Ican’ttellwhyheisalwayslateforschool.Doyouknowwhowasthefirsttoinventthecar?三、时态的呼应宾语从句的动词时态在一定程度上受到主句中动词时态的制约。一般应遵循以下三条原则：①如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时以及是祈使句，则宾语从句的谓语动词可根据意义或时间状语的需要而用任何一种时态。Eg:Iknowthathe’llcometoChinanextyear.Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday.②如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句的谓语动词必须用表示过去的某一种时态。Eg:Ourteachersaidthatwewouldmovetoanewclassroomthenextweek.HeaskedmeifIhadbeentotheGreatWall.③如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象或习惯性动作时，则不管主句用何时态，从句一律使用现在时。Eg:Myteachertoldusyesterdaythatthesunrisesintheeast.四、否定转移当主句的谓语是think,believe等动词时，某后作宾语的that从句如果否定意义，通常将否定词not移至主句动词之前。Eg:Idon’tthinkheishavingameeting.一、用正确的连词填空。1.TheteacheraskedLucy_____shewaslateforschool.2.Wedon’tknow_____itwillraintomorrow.3.Themanwantstoknow_____shecomesfrom.4.Idon’tremember____thetrainarrived.5.Couldyoushowus_____wecanturnonthecomputer?6.Sheknew____sheshouldworkhardforthepeople.7.Couldyoutellme_____isthewaytothestation?8.Pleasetellme________picturestheyhavedrawn.二、单项选择1.Couldyoutellme_______?A.whereheliveB.wherehelivesC.wheredoesheliveD.heliveswhere2.Hesaidthathe______speakalittleEnglishwhenhewasfiveyearsold.A.mightB.wouldC.couldD.can3.Idon’tthinkthatthebookisveryuseful,________?A.doIB.isitC.doesn’titD.isn’tit4.Excuseme,canyoutellme_______?A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation5.Mybrotheraskedme______kite_______.A.who,thiswasB.whose,thiswasC.whose,wasthisD.who,wasthis6.Heaskedme_____IknewFrench.A.thatB.ifC.asD.what7.Doyouknowwho_____withateightyesterday?A.heistalkingB.washetalkingC.hewastalkingD.ishetalking8.-----Whatdidyourmothersay,Tom?-----Sheaskedme______.A.whymysisteriscryingB.whymysisterwascryingC.whyismysistercryingD.whywasmysistercrying9.Hetoldmethatthesun______intheeast.A.risesB.raisesC.roseD.raised10.Tomasked______toschoollate.A.whodidoftencomeB.whooftendidcomeC.whooftencomeD.whooftencame参考答案：一、1.why2.if(whether)3.where4.when5.How6.that7.which8.Howmany二、1B2C3B4D5B6B7C8B9A10D宾语从句的转化和使用是难点，其用法上应注意以下三方面。一、宾语从句与主句连接问题1.当宾语从句是一般疑问句、反意疑问句时，构成宾语从句用if或whether来引导。从句应注意用陈述句语序。Eg:Doyougotoschoolearlyeveryday?Hewantstoknow…→Hewantstoknowif(whether)Igotoschoolearlyeveryday.2.当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连词that来引导。Eg:HehasbeentoJapanbefore.Hetoldme….→HetoldmethathehadbeentoJapanbefore.3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连接词就用原来的疑问词。应注意从句的时态和和语序。Eg:HowcanIgettothebusstation?Heaskedme….→HeaskedmeHowhecouldgettothebusstation.What’swrongwithhim?Doyouknow…→Doyouknowwhat’swrongwithhim?二、直接引语变为间接引语中的问题1.人称的变化eg:Hesaid“Youaskedmetohelpher.”→HesaidthatIaskedhimtoherher.2.时态的变化eg:Hesaidtome“Iamdoingmyhomework.”→Hetoldmehewasdoinghishomework.Hesaid“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”→Hesaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun.(注意客观真理时态不变)3.其它变化①this改为that,these改为those.eg:Hesaid“Thisismypen.”→Hesaisthatwashispen.②now改为then,yesterday改为thedaybefore,tomorrow改为thenextday,today改为thatday,ago改为before,在nextweek/month前需加the.eg:Hesaid“Ihaven’tseenhertoday.”→Hesaidhehadn’tseenherthatday.Hesaid“Iwasaworkertenyearsago.”→Hesaidhewasaworkertenyearsbefore.③here改为there,bring改为takeeg:Hesaid“Ilikehere.”→Hesaidthathelikedthere.Hesaidtous“Youshouldbringyourschoolbagherenexttime.”→Hetoldusweshouldtakeourschoolbagtherethenexttime.4.当直接引语是祈使句时，将动词原形变为动词不定式eg:Hesaidtous“Sitdown.”→Heaskedustositdown.Hesaid“Don’tmakemistakesagain.”→Heaskedusnottomakedmistakesagain.三、宾语从句与状语从句的动词时态问题条件和时间状语从句中应用一般现在时表示一般将来时；宾语从句的时态和主句相关联，如果主句是一般现在时或将来时以及祈使句，则宾语从句的动词可根据情况用不同时态，如果主句中的动词是一般过去时，则从句的动词必须用过去的某种时态。其中if和when既能引导宾语从句又能引导条件或时间状语从句。Eg:Iwanttoknowifhehasbeenthere.(if引导的宾语从句,译为“是否”)Iwillgototheparkifitisfinetomorrow.(if引导的条件状语从句，译为“如果，假如”)Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Ifhecomes,pleasetellme.(划线部分是宾语从句，斜线是状语从句)同样，when译为“当……时候”引导时间状语从句，译为“何时”引导宾语从句。一、将下列各句变成宾语从句1.Whocancatchthebird?Sheasked…2.Didtheystayuptoolatelastnight?Shewouldliketoknow…3.Youhavepassedtheexam.Heisglad…4.Doessheworkhardatschool?Hermotherwantedtoknow…5.Whenwillshecomeback?Iknow…6.Hesaid“Ihadleftmybookinmyroom.”7.Iaskedhim“Issheill?”8.Shesaidtome“Wheredoyoucomefrom?”二、单项选择1.Idon’tknowwhenhe_____.Whenhe_____,I’llletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.willcome,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.comes,willcome2.Iwantt