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1李克强总理答两会中外记者问2013年3月17日上午，十二届全国人大一次会议闭幕。大会闭幕后，国务院总理李克强在人民大会堂金色大厅与中外记者见面并回答记者提问。全程实录：十二届全国人大一次会议副秘书长、新闻发言人傅莹:女士们，先生们，大家上午好。今天我们很高兴地邀请到新任国务院总理和几位副总理与大家见面。我们先请李克强总理讲话。之后，他会回答大家提出的问题。Ladiesandgentlemen,goodmorning.Todayweareveryhappytohavethenewpremierofthestatecouncilandthenewvice-premierstomeetwiththepress.Firstsomeopeningremarksfromthepremierandthenhewilltakeyourquestions.国务院总理李克强:女士们、先生们，记者朋友们，首先感谢大家在中国两会报道中所付出的辛劳。Ladiesandgentlemen,friendsofthepress.FirstI‟dliketothankyouforyourhardworkincoveringtheNPCandCPPCCsessions.这里我向大家介绍一下一起来的几位副总理。张高丽副总理，刘延东副总理，汪洋副总理，马凯副总理。Letmepresenttoyouthevice-premierswhoarewithusthismorning.Vice-premierZhangGaoli,vice-premierLiuYandong,vice-premierWangYangandvice-premierMaKai.我们衷心感谢人民代表的信任，从担任新职的那一刻起，我就深感这是全国各族人民的重托，是重大责任。我们将忠诚于宪法，忠实于人民，以民之所望为施政所向。把努力实现人民对未来生活的期盼作为神圣使命，以对法律的敬畏、对人民的敬重、敢于担当、勇于作为的政府，去造福全体人民，建设强盛国家。这几句话是我的开场白，下边就欢迎记者朋友们提问。WesincerelythanktheNPC‟sdeputiesfortheirtrust.Fromthemomentwetakeonthenewrole,IhavedeeplyfelttheheavyresponsibilitiestheChinesepeopleofallnationalitieshaveplacedonourshoulders.Wewillbetruetotheconstitution,beloyaltothepeopleandthepeople‟swishwillpoint(to)thedirectionofgovernment‟sefforts,wewilltakeasoursecretmissionthepeoples‟aspirationsforabetterlife.Wewillreverelaws,respectthepeople,takeonourresponsibilitiesandhavethecouragetogetthingsdone,soastobenefitthewholenationandbuildastrongandprosperouscountry.Thesearemyopeningremarks.Nowthefloorisopenforquestions.2新加坡《联合早报》记者:这次国务院的机构改革和职能转变方案引起高度关注，请问李总理的是，这次改革是不是您理想的方案？怎样达到简政放权和转变政府职能的目标？谢谢。LianhezaobaofromSingapore.Theplanforreformingstatecouncilinstitutionshasattractedalotofattention.Mr.Premier,isityouridealplanandhowdoyouintendtoachievethegoalsofstreamlininggovernmentandtransformingitsfunctions?Thankyou.李克强:你谈到理想，凡事想要做成的话，总是要在理想和现实之间作出可能的选择。这次改革方案核心是转变政府职能，当然也是简政放权。如果说机构改革是政府内部权力的优化配置，那么转变职能则是厘清和理顺政府与市场、与社会之间的关系。说白了，就是市场能办的，多放给市场。社会可以做好的，就交给社会。政府管住、管好它应该管的事。Youaskedwhetherthisisouridealplan,Ithink,tosucceedindoinganything,onehastostrikeaproperbalancebetweenidealandreality.Thecoreofgovernmentplanistotransformgovernmentfunctions.Ofcourse,it‟sasourceaboutstreamlininggovernmentanddelegatepowerstolowerlevels,theinstitutionalreformsisaboutoptimizingthedistributionofpowerwithinthegovernmentandtransformingthegovernmentfunctionsisaboutredefiningandrationalizingtherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentononehandandthemarketandsocietyontheother.Toputsimply,weneedtoleavetothemarketandsocietywhatwecandowell,andonthepartofthegovernment,weneedtomanagewellthosemattersthatforwithinourpreview.机构改革不易，转变职能更难，因为它更深刻。我经常在地方调研的时候，常听到这样的抱怨，办个事、创个业要盖几十个公章，群众说恼火得很。这既影响了效率，也容易有腐败或者叫寻租行为，损害了政府的形象。所以必须从改革行政审批制度入手来转变政府职能。现在国务院各部门行政审批事项还有1700多项，本届政府下决心要再削减三分之一以上。Institutionalreformisnoteasy,andtransformingthefunctionswillbeevenmoredifficult,becauseitwouldrequiremorein-depthchanges.WhenIvisitedlocalcommunities,Ioftenheardpeoplecomplaintomethattheywouldneedapprovalofnearlyseveraldozensofdepartmentstogetsomethingdoneorstarttheirbusiness,andpeoplearequitefrustratedaboutthis.Suchstateoffairsisnotgoodforgovernmentefficiency,itmightcreateopportunitiesforcorruptionorrent-seekingbehavior,and3wouldharmtheimageofthegovernment.Therefore,wewouldstartwithreformofthesystem,ofgovernment,ofexaminationandapprove.Rightnow,wehaveover1,700itemsthatstillrequiretheapproveofthestatecouncildepartment.Withinthetermofthisdepartment,wearedeterminedtocutthatfigurebyatleastonethird.不是说政府有错位的问题吗？那就把错装在政府身上的手换成市场的手。这是削权，是自我革命，会很痛，甚至有割腕的感觉，但这是发展的需要，是人民的愿望。我们要有壮士断腕的决心，言出必行，说到做到，决不明放暗不放，避重就轻，更不能搞变相游戏。Asfortheviewthatexpressedbysomepeoplethatthegovernmenthassomemisplacedroles,thenlet‟srestoretothemarketandthehandhasmisgroundonthegovernment.Thereformisaboutcurbinggovernmentpower,it‟sself-imposedrevolution,itwouldrequirerealsacrificeandthiswouldbepainful,andthisdemandedbythedevelopmentandwantedbythepeople.Thenwearedeterminedtomakethatsacrifice.Wewillkeepourpromiseandmatchourwordswithaction.Wewillneversecretlyholdonpowersorshieldawayfromrealissues.Wewillneverplayanygamestogetaroundtherequirementofthereform.人民日报记者:总理您好，我是人民日报和人民网的记者。很多人都认为，新一届政府所面临的任务十分艰巨。那么，我想请问总理，您的施政目标是什么？您打算首先去解决的主要问题又是什么？谢谢。IamwithPeople‟sDailyanditswebsite.Manypeoplebelievethatyourgovernmentwillfaceadauntingagenda.Mr.Premier,whatarethegoalsofyouragenda?Andwhatarethetopprioritiesonyouragenda?李克强:这是个大问题啊。关于施政目标，可以说中共十八大已经做出了全面部署，这就是本届政府的施政目标。在我们离实现现代化越近的时候，遇到的风险和挑战就会越多。Youaskabigquestion.Asforthegoalsofourgovernment,theeighteenthNPChassetupthatincomprehensivedetail,thosewillbethegoalsofmygovernment.Thenearerwearetoourgoalofmodernization,themorerisksandthemorechallengeswemightencounter.4偌大个中国要解决的事很多，如果说主要问题的话，我想：第一，还是持续发展经济。可以料想，未来中国经济环境依然是严峻复杂，我们要居安思危，也要处变不惊，保持经济持续增长，防范通货膨胀，控制潜在风险，使中国经济不发生大的波动。Chinaissuchalargecountry,thereare,naturally,somanythingsforustohandle.But,tosummarize,thehighestprioritywillbetomaintainsustainableeconomicgrowth,itcanbeexpectedthateconomicenvironmentfacinginChinacontinuetobeseriousandcomplex.Wemustbepreparedforthepotentialadversityandhandlethechangingsituationinacalmfashion.Wene