七大原则三大步骤

从二个方面复习非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的七大经典原则2.非谓语动词解题三大步骤非谓语动词复习一.非谓语动词的七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则七：作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;禁用havingdone作定语用过去分词，表示动作已经发生过，同时表示被动意义英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.(2007湖南卷)A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved4.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,_____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.（2007江西卷）A.totrainB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.（2006广东卷）A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making－ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作后发生，位于句末不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Writetotheeditor,________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．（hope）2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,______alongspeech.(prepare)4.___________warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep,,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示自然而然的结果。不定式用作结果状语表示出乎意料或不愉快的结果。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.（2007天津卷）A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。6.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.（2005山东卷）A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching8.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.（2006陕西卷）A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told7.Hehurriedtothestation,only______thatthetrainhadleft.(2005广东卷)A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。He原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式tobedone；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式beingdone.9.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.（2007浙江卷）A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard11.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger_______atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes_____uponher.A.seating;fixingB.toseat;fixingC.havingseated;fixedD.seated;fixed10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后应接-ing，desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因couldbeheard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。ofastrangerhiseyessittingseatvt.fixone’seyesupon…=Iwasseated.Iseatedmyself.=Isatdown原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致.12.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.（2006陕西卷）A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn13.Whilewatchingtelevision，_____.（2005全国卷III）A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings______theweather,thesportsmeetwillbeputoff.A.ConsideredB.ConsideringC.HavingconsideredD.BeingconsideredwatchingFacedwith(be)facedwith…原则六：强调动作先于谓语动作发生时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式）14._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.（2005湖北卷）A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparated15.Themanager，_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.（2005江西卷）A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making【解析】因为Themanager与make是主动关系，且make发生在谓语left之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，havingmade...相当于whohadmade...的意思。lefthas16.—LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountry—Yes,InLondon.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyinghestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?CABisSbissaidtodo…据说…原则七：作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。17.Therewillbemorethanthreehundredscientistsattendingthemeeting_____thedayaftertomorrow.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld18.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.（2006上海卷）A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.waitthemeetingthedayaftertomorrowvisitors19.“Things_____nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.（2007湖南卷）A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havelost注：受thefirst，thesecond...thelast修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。20.—Thelastone_____paysthemeal.—Agreed!（2007全国I）A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving如：Youarethesecondtomakethatmistake.你是第二个犯这错误的人。ThingsThelastonelosevt.losesb/sth原则一：用作目的状语，…原则二：用作伴随状语，…原则三：用作结果状语，…原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，…原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，…原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，…原则七：作定语时，…原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/todo,区别是：-ing表示自然而然的结果，todo表示出乎意料的结果。原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（-ing的完成式或不定式的完成式）原则七：作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行,禁用havingdone：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。二.非谓语动词解题三大步骤（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓与非谓”1.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.ThoughhewastoldC___A注意连词3.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.A.isB.tobeC.b