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WilliamButlerYeats威廉·巴特勒·叶芝•WilliamButlerYeats(13June1865–28•January1939)•AnIrishpoetandoneoftheforemostfiguresof20thcenturyliterature•HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureasthefirstIrishmanIn1923•Style:symbolism(象征主义)mysticism(神秘主义)modernism(现代主义)•Masterpieces:WhenYouareOldSailingtoByzantiumTheWhiteBirdsUnderBenBulbenTheWhiteBirdsIWOULDthatwewere,mybeloved,whitebirdsonthefoamofthesea!Wetireoftheflameofthemeteor,beforeitcanfadeandflee;Andtheflameofthebluestaroftwilight,hunglowontherimofthesky,Hasawakenedinourhearts,mybeloved,asadnessthatmaynotdie.亲爱的，但愿我们是浪尖上一双白鸟！流星尚未陨逝，我们已厌倦了它的闪耀；天边低悬，晨光里那颗蓝星的幽光唤醒了你我心中，一缕不死的忧伤。Awearinesscomesfromthosedreamers,dew-dabbled,thelilyandrose;Ah,dreamnotofthem,mybeloved,theflameofthemeteorthatgoes,Ortheflameofthebluestarthatlingershunglowinthefallofthedew:ForIwouldwewerechangedtowhitebirdsonthewanderingfoam:Iandyou!露湿的百合、玫瑰梦里逸出一丝困倦；呵，亲爱的，可别梦那流星的闪耀，也别梦那蓝星的幽光在滴露中低徊：但愿我们化作浪尖上的白鸟：我和你！Iamhauntedbynumberlessislands,andmanyaDanaanshore,WhereTimewouldsurelyforgetus,andSorrowcomenearusnomore;Soonfarfromtheroseandthelily,andfretoftheflameswouldwebe,Wereweonlywhitebirds,mybeloved,buoyedoutonthefoamofthesea!我心头萦绕着无数岛屿和丹南湖滨，在那里岁月会以遗忘我们，悲哀不再来临；转瞬就会远离玫瑰、百合和星光的侵蚀，只要我们是双白鸟，亲爱的，出没在浪花里！ToTheRoseUponTheRoodOfTimeRedRose,proudRose,sadRoseofallmydays!Comenearme,whileIsingtheancientways:Cuchulainbattlingwiththebittertide;TheDruid,grey,wood-nurtured,quiet-eyed,WhocastroundFergusdreams,andruinuntold;Andthineownsadness,whereofstars,grownoldIndancingsilver-sandalledonthesea,Singintheirhighandlonelymelody.Comenear,thatnomoreblindedbyman’sfate,Ifindunderboughsofloveandhate,Inallpoorfoolishthingsthatliveaday,Eternalbeautywanderingonherway.伴我终生的玫瑰，骄傲的玫瑰，悲哀的玫瑰！当我歌唱古代的生活，请走近来；和险恶的海浪战斗的库胡林勇士；那头发灰白，眼神平静，丛林哺育的祭司，他为弗格斯制造了梦和无穷之灾；你自己的关于星群变老的悲哀，穿着银色木屐在海上舞蹈，唱他们高亢而孤独的曲调。走近来，不要再为人类的命运迷误，我发现在爱和恨的枝条下面，在一切可怜的只活一天的蠢物之间，永恒之美一路漫游向前。Comenear,comenear,comenear–Ah,leavemestillAlittlespacefortherose-breathtofill!LestInomorehearcommonthingsthatcrave;Theweakwormhidingdowninitssmallcave,Thefield-mouserunningbymeinthegrass.Andheavymortalhopesthattoilandpass;ButseekalonetohearthestrangethingssaidByGodtothebrightheartsofthoselongdead,Andlearntochauntatonguemendonotknow.Comenear;Iwould,beforemytimetogo,SingofoldEireandtheancientways:RedRose,proudRose,sadRoseofallmydays.走近来，走近来，走近来——啊，给我留一点玫瑰气息充填空间！免得我听不到平凡事物渴求之声；躲在小洞里衰弱的虫子，从我身边草地上跑过的老鼠，人类为之奋斗终成过去的沉重希望；而只要求听到那些怪事情上帝说给长逝者明亮的心灵谛听，学会唱一支人们不知的曲调。走进来，在我离开以前我想要把古老的爱尔兰和古代故事唱一回；伴我终生的红玫瑰，骄傲的玫瑰，悲哀的玫瑰。WhenyouareoldWhenyouareoldandgreyandfullofsleep,Andnoddingbythefire,takedownthisbook,Andslowlyread,anddreamofthesoftlook，Youreyeshadonce,andoftheirshadowsdeep;Howmanylovedyourmomentsofgladgrace,Andlovedyourbeautywithlovefalseortrue,ButonemanlovedthepilgrimSoulinyou,Andlovedthesorrowsofyourchangingface;Andbendingdownbesidetheglowingbars,Murmur,alittlesadly,howLovefledAndpaceduponthemountainsoverheadAndhidhisfaceamidacrowdofstars.Whenyouareold当你老了当你老了，头白了，睡意昏沉，炉火旁打盹，请取下这部诗歌，慢慢读，回想你过去眼神的柔和，回想它们昔日浓重的阴影；多少人爱你青春欢畅的时辰，爱慕你的美丽，假意或真心，只有一个人爱你那朝圣者的灵魂，爱你衰老了的脸上痛苦的皱纹；垂下头来，在红光闪耀的炉子旁，凄然地轻轻诉说那爱情的消逝，在头顶的山上它缓缓踱着步子，在一群星星中间隐藏着脸庞。《当你老了》这首诗感人，是感动了一个多世纪的爱情绝唱。这首诗是威廉·巴特勒·叶芝于1893年创作的一首诗歌，是献给挚爱茅德·冈的一首饱含深情的诗。读这首诗，我们能感受到诗人对这个女人的深深的爱。但是却对这个女人终其一生求之不得，再读这首诗时，不免会觉得途胜伤悲之感。叶芝的这首诗，有浓厚的中国意味，几千年前，我们有了“执子之手，与子偕老”的爱情宣言，叶芝用一首平淡舒缓的诗调，将古老的爱情誓言演绎得绝美哀戚。诗人想象深爱的人的暮年的一个生活片段，那么安静、温暖、祥和，没有热烈宣泄的激动，只是平静而赤诚的表白。朴素而含蓄的语言，优稚而舒缓的调子，在动静结合的画面中透出一抹淡淡的哀伤，却不乏亲切与温馨，让人久久回味。茅德·冈叶芝对于茅德·冈一见钟情，而且一往情深，叶芝这样描写过他第一次见德她的情形：“她伫立窗畔，身旁盛开着一大团苹果花;她光彩夺目，仿佛自身就是盛开的花瓣。”