大学英语-Inaugural-Address

Unit4InauguralAddress--JohnF.KennedyⅠ.BackgroundknowledgeⅡ.IntroductiontothepassageⅢ.DetailedstudyofthetextⅣ.OrganizationalPatternⅤ.LanguagefeatureⅥ.QuestionsfordiscussionⅠ.Backgroundknowledge1.Thepresidentialelectionsystem2.Inaugurationday&Presidentialoath4.JohnF.Kennedy5.Biblicalallusionandbiblicalstyle6.ColdWar7.ArmsRacePresidentialElectionSystemBylawanynatural-bornAmericancitizenofandover35yearsofagecanrunforthePresidency.Butinfactonlythecandidatesnominatedbythetwomajorparties,theRepublicanandtheDemocratic,havethechancestowinaPresidentialelection..•ThechoosingofacandidateforthePresidencyisextremelyimportantforbothparties.Todothis,eachpartyholdsitsnationalconventioneveryfouryears,inthesummerbeforethegeneralelection.•Theconvention大会isanassemblyofpartybossesandactivists.Severalmonthsbeforetheconvention,alltheaspirants，fornominationbegintheirpersonalcampaignswithintheparty.•Hispurposeistohavehissupporterschosenasdelegatestotheconvention.Themoresupportershehas,thebiggeristhechanceforhimtobenominatedforthecandidacy.ThisprocessiscalledtheprimaryelectionTowinaPresidentialelection,acandidatehastospendmanymillionsofdollarswhichcomesfromitspersonalcollection,party’shelpandgrantfromtheGovernment.Hehastotravelalloverthecountry,makingcountlessspeechesandshakinghandswithcountlessvoters.Hehastofacehisrivalindebatesontelevision.Hehastomakethebestuseofhisglibtongueandarousepublicconfidenceinhim.Acandidatemustalsotrytoprofitfromhisrival’sdisadvantage,makingharshattacksonhispoliciesandexposinghispersonalflaw.Thismaybecomeverydisgustingsometimes.WhenLincolnranforthePresidency,hismother,forexample,wasabusedofimmortality.Apresidentialcandidatealsotirestocollectinformationabouthisrivalssoastoemploythemostprofitabletactics.ThecaseinpointwasNixon’sWatergatebreak-in.Thegeneralelection,heldonthesecondTuesdayafterthefirstMondayinNovemberineachelectionyear.InaugurationdayandpresidentialoathThefirstone:onApril30,1789,GeorgeWashington.Since1937,InaugurationDayhasbeenchangedtoJan,20.OnthisdayeveryfouryearsthenewlyelectedpresidentoftheUnitedstatesfacesthepeopleforthefirsttimeandtakesthepresidentialoathofofficeanddelivershisinauguraladdress.•Thesolemnpresidentialoath:traditionallyadministeredbytheChiefJustice,isprescribedinArticleII,section1oftheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.•“IdosolemnlyswearthatIwillfaithfullyexecutetheofficeofpresidentoftheUnitedStates,andwilltothebestofmyability,preserve,protectanddefendtheconstitutionoftheUnitedStatesJohnF.KennedyKennedyisthe35thPresident,wasswornonJanuary20,1961,Born:May29,1917,inBrookline,MassachusettsDied:November22,1963,inDallas,TexasNickname:JFKMarried:JacquelineLeeBouvier(1929-1994),onSeptember12,1953Religion:RomanCatholicEducation:GraduatedfromHarvardCollege(1940)PoliticalParty:DemocratPresidentKennedy'sinauguraladdresswasbotheloquentandmemorable.Hestoodbeforethecapitol,handsomeandyouthfulatage43,callingforafreshspiritinnationallife:'Letthewordgoforthfromthistimeandplace,tofriendandfoealike,thatthetorchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericans.Career:author;officer,U.S.Navy,1941-45;newspapercorrespondent;memberofHouseofRepresentatives,1947-53;UnitedStatesSenator,1953-61;PresidentoftheUnitedStates,1961-63•HewasthefirstRomanCatholictobecomepresidentoftheUnitedStated.•At43hewasalsotheyoungestmaneverelectedtothehighestofficeofhiscountry.HewasaHarvardgraduateJohnKennedy,the35th.JohnF.Kennedywasawarhero,aPulitzerPrize-winningauthor,.InNovember1960,attheageof43,JohnF.hebecametheyoungestmaneverelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Hisdeath:HewasassassinatedinNovember1963,whenjourneyedtoTexasforaspeech-makingtour.Hewasshotintheneckandheadbya24-year-oldman.Hediedhalfhourlater.Withintwohours,vice-presidentJohnsontooktheoathaspresident.Astatefuneralwasheldforhim.•HisInauguralAddressofferedthememorableinjunction:Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou--askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.BiblicalallusionandbiblicalstyleTheBibleisarichsourceofallusions,bothfromtheOldTestamentandtheNewTestament.Manyarewell-known.ThosethatarenotcanbeeasilylookedupintheBible.Belowaresomeofthemostcommonones:TheOldTestamentTheNewTestamentBiblicalstyleIntermsofparagraphsandformsMoreshortparagraphsMoreitalics,butnotallofthemforemphasis.Withtheword‘Lord,God’capitalizedIntermofgrammarInsteadofellipticalandcomplicatedsentences,thestructuresofthesentencesaresimpleandcompleteTheoldformofpronouns,suchas‘ye,thou,thee,thy’etcTheverbforminthesecondversionisintheoldest‘-est’form.eg,shouldest.ThereisnoabbreviationThereisnoauxiliaryinnegativeform‘shall’isnotonlyusedtoexpressfuturetime,butcontainsomemodalmeaning.SomeinversionsarenolongerinuseinmodernEnglishIntermofvocabularyTherearesomearchaicwordswhicharenotusedtoday.egsubtil----subtleMostofthewordsareshortandsmallSomewordsarenotoldenough,theuseofthemhavealteredcompletely.egeatof,gaveofThe‘dideat’intheparagraphisnotforemphasizing,butindicatingpasttense,Thisisoftenseeninbiblicalstyle.SomewordsarespecificallyemployedintheBibleColdWar•Itreferstotheperiod1953—1964.TheUnitedStatesandthenationsofWesternEuropebegant