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2016考研英语第三星期15(*)Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments，aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines，animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst．词汇突破：unaware未认识到的，未觉察到的Vaccine疫苗Cruel残忍句子切分：Tothose/whoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments，aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines，/animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst．简化：ToA,animalresearchseemswastefulandcruel．A=thosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments，aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines其他成分：whoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments，aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines(those的定语从句)状语：atbest至多，充其量;顶多atworstadv.在最坏的情况下（这两个短语的翻译是需要在语境中来完成的）参考译文：对于一些人而言，动物研究说的好听是浪费，说的难听是残忍。因为他们不知道生产这些治疗手段以及新的治疗手段和疫苗是需要动物研究的。16ReflectingIowa’scloutashostofthefirstcaucusesofthepresidentialelectioncycle,thesummitlurednineputativecandidates,allofthemRepublicans.词汇突破：clout:powerorinfluence权力，影响力generallysupposedtobe；公认的Summit：峰会Lure：吸引主干识别：thesummitlurednineputativecandidates其他成分：ReflectingIowa’scloutashostofthefirstcaucusesofthepresidentialelectioncycle（非谓语动词做状语）动作发出者就是meeting；独立成句！allofthemRepublicans（独立主格做状语）独立成句参考译文：Iowa州是总统竞选中第一次地方干部会议的主办方，这次峰会反映出它的影响力，这次峰会也吸引来了九位公认的候选人，这些人都是共和党人。17long-heldviewofthehistoryoftheEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatEngland’spolicytowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycommercialinterestsandthatachangetomoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjective,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.词汇突破:Along-heldview长久以来的观点Dictated主导Dominated主导Imperialpolicy帝国政策expansionistmilitaristobjective扩张主义的军事目标（顺便说一下：名词也可以做定语：eligibilityage=eligibleage）主干识别：Along-heldviewhasbeenthat…andthat...其他成分：ofthehistoryoftheEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStates（view的修饰成分）England’spolicytowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycommercialinterests表语从句一achangetomoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjective,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.表语从句二微观分析：ofthehistoryoftheEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStates后来变成美国的英国殖民地的历史（够饶的）achangetomoreimperialpolicy,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjective,generatedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.表语从句二主干：achangetomoreimperialpolicygeneratedthetensionsthatultimatelyledtotheAmericanRevolution.其他成分：,dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjective,（这里主要从语义入手就好了，说其实定语和状语都是可以的）参考译文：对于后来成为了美国的英国殖民地，人们一直以来持有下面的观点：1.在1763年之前，英国对于这些殖民地的政策被经济利益所支配。2.之后在扩张主义的军事目标的左右下转向了一种帝国政策，这样形成了一种紧张局势，并最终导致了美国革命。18这是最新一期经济学人中的一篇关于休斯顿发展的文章，非常符合考研文章特点，我做了以下的摘抄：Houstonisanoiltown.Itisnotpretty，butitthrives.但是现在全球油价在大幅下降这必然对这座石油之城造成影响。Withreduceddemand,manysmallmanufacturersandsuppliersaresuretogobust,saysPatrickJankowski,aneconomistwiththeGreaterHoustonPartnership,alocallobby.Buttherealquestioniswhetheramoregeneralslumpfollows.Ifhigh-payingcorporatepostsgo,theeffectontherestoftheHoustoneconomycouldbedramatic.Yettherearesignsthat,thistime,Houston’sspectaculargrowthwillbeslowedratherthanstoppedbytheoilslump.词汇突破:1.Bust：衰退，破产；反义词boom(描述宏观经济的时候常这样说：boomandbust兴衰)2.Lobby:游说团体3.Slump：衰退；oilslump油价下跌4.Spectacular：辉煌的5.Dramatic:严重的同义词：drastic/dreadful;dreadfulheadline负面报道句子解析：第一句：Withreduceddemand,manysmallmanufacturersandsuppliersaresuretogobust,saysPatrickJankowski,aneconomistwiththeGreaterHoustonPartnership,alocallobby.主干：manysmallmanufacturersandsuppliersaresuretogobust.其他成分：,saysPatrickJankowski,主谓做插入语Withreduceddemand,状语aneconomistwiththeGreaterHoustonPartnership,alocallobby同位语参考译文：PatrickJankowski是当地一家游说团体theGreaterHoustonPartnership的经济学家，他说随着需求的减少，很多小的制造商和供应商一定会破产。第二句：Buttherealquestioniswhetheramoregeneralslumpfollows.但是真正的问题是会不会产生更大范围的衰退。第三句：Ifhigh-payingcorporatepostsgo,theeffectontherestoftheHoustoneconomycouldbedramatic.如果高薪的公司职位没有了，那么对于休斯顿经济的其他方面的影响会很严重。第四句：Yettherearesignsthat,thistime,Houston’sspectaculargrowthwillbeslowedratherthanstoppedbytheoilslump.但是有迹象表明，这一次，休斯顿辉煌的增长会由于油价下跌放缓而不是停止。这就是整个文章的主题句！接了下来的句子就会讲为什么这次的石油价格下跌不会对休斯顿带来非常严重的影响。文章的结尾有这样一句话：Sprawlmaynotbepretty—butitseemstowork.Sprawl：城市杂乱无章的扩张。（这次休斯顿应对油价下跌的一个办法就是通过城市的扩张来完成的。）19ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.词汇突破：pursuit追求Interference干涉Obligation责任，义务Involvement关于，涉及，参与ratherthan而不是Greeks不是“格瑞克斯”哈，是希腊人主干识别：Thepursuitofprivateinterestswasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogress.其他成分：withaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernment状语ratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.状语难点解析：最难的就是第一个状语的语序，其实如果看句子比较多的同学你会发现这种用法基本是种习惯用法了withaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernment=withinterferencefromgovernmentaslittleaspossible在真题中有这样一个结构：inasobviousamanneraspossible试着调整一下语序；参考译文：在尽可能少的ZF干预下追求个人利益被看作为通往人类幸福和进步的道路，而不是希腊人所强调的集体社会中的公共义务与参与。20(*)Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamanneraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisde