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七选五阅读答题指导2011届高考英语专题复习山海关一中高三备课组一、高考大纲要求阅读七选五主要考察学生的英语逻辑思维能力，也就是对上下文之间，层次之间逻辑关系的判断能力。试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）解题步骤与技巧3)重新阅读相关词句重点做刚才没做出的题或不确定的题，此时可将选出的答案代入原文，利用排除法。同时检查核对已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则表明各个问题的答案基本正确。1)快速阅读全文要点词句，了解大意但是由于文章中空缺了五处，因此在短时间内掌握文章要点或逻辑思路是很困难的。如果感觉困难而且收获不大，可直接进入第二步，即一开始就边阅读边分析做题。2)边读边做题，先易后难重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。细节类题型解题技巧1)词汇复现法复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。双保险：上下文再核实一下Ex1…By2020,Dr.DavidDavisbelieves,cartechnologywillgivemotoristsaclearviewoftheroad,whatevertheweatherconditions,byprojectinganimageoftheroadaheadontothecar’swindscreen._______Carswillbeconnectedbyanelectronictowbar(牵引杠）tothecarinfronttoform“road—trains”.A.Everydriverwilluselessfuelinthecarheowns.B.Thecarwillautomaticallyspeedup,orslowdown,tomatchthespeedofthecarinfront.C.Anditwillnotbeownedbyoneindividual.D.Andby2030,carswilltravelinline,linkedtoeachotherelectronically.2)同词出现法词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密（如：Ex2….halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop.TheInternet,whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods,withjustaclickofthemouse,isoneofthereasonwhypeople’spatienceappearstobethin._________A.Itwastypicalinthepast.B.Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline.C.MorepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathomeD.Asaresult,foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice.Ex3…Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…A.Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.3)代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。Ex4._________Itisaveryhappydayformanyboysandgirls.Beforethetermsendsinsomeschools,thechildrenactanativity（基督诞生）or“birth”play,showinghowJesuswasborninastable(马厩）。A.PeopleareoftenbusygoingshoppingB.NowtheChinesepeoplealsocelebrateChristmas.C.Theturkeyorchickenisquicklyeaten.D.ChristmasDayfallsonthetwenty—fiftyofDecember.Ex5…Thathappensinthe1980s.And,mostrecently,shesaysmanykindsofpeoplehavejoinedthemovement.________Theyrepresentmanyraces,regionsandpoliticalbeliefs.A.TheyaremainlyrichpeopleB.Parentschoosehome—schoolingforseveralreasons.C.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers.D.Shesaystheseincluderichpeopleandpoorpeople.(a)并列与递进关系：因果关系5)逻辑关系线索Ex.7…_________Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs.Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether.Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning.Someparents….A.Soanumberofparentsbeganhome-schoolingB.Home–schoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeopleC.Parentschoosehome–schoolingforseveralreasonsD.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers(c)转折让步关系：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,despite,inspiteof等Ex.8…ThiscouldbewatchingTVorlisteningtomusic.Doingsomeexercisesearlierinthedayshouldhelpyoufeelphysicallyaswellasmentallytired._______However,coffeeorteashouldbeavoidedastheycontaincaffeineandwillkeepyouawake….A.So,what’sagoodsleep?B.AbedtimedrinkcanalsohelpC.Havingagoodsleepwillkeepyoulivelythewholeday.篇章结构类题解题方法根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。Ex.10_____Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythinginorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.…Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.A.sheenjoyslisteningtoclassmusic.B.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.C.Mymotherishard—workingandneverwastesmoney.D.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:◆速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题◆浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断◆利用同义词和近义词关系◆利用词的上下义关系◆利用反义词、过渡词关系◆理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案