71英语构词法

Unit5ThemeparksLearningaboutlanguage高一人教新课标版必修四1Findthewordfromthetext.1._________severaldifferenttypesof2._________themainsubjectofatalk,book,filmorsomethingelse3._________tokeepsomethingasitis;anareaoflandmadeavailableforaspecialgroupofpeopleoranimalstolivein4.__________tooratanyplace,positionorsituation5._________somethingthatispleasanttothinkaboutbutisnotrealvariousthemepreservewhereverfantasy6._______action,usuallyaverygreatoneoraverybadone7.________themeasurementofsomethingfromoneendtotheother8._________beingtheonlyoneofitskind,unlikeanythingelse9.________inthemiddleofanareaoranobject10.____________withoutdoubtdeedlengthuniquecentralnowonderenginecarpentercartoonamusementeaglesslideswingtourism1.Beforebuyingacar,mydadalwayslooksatits________.2.EarlyAmericansettlersweregreat_________--theycouldbuildalmostanythingfromwood.3.Bothadultsandchildrenliketowatch________justfor__________.enginecarpenterscartoonsamusement2Completethesentences.4.Thereareabout60differentkindsof______aroundtheworld,butonlytwokindsliveinNorthAmerica.5.________isabigbusinessforsmallcountrieslikeSingapore.6.WhenIwaslittle,myfavouritethingtodowastogototheplaygroundand_____down______and______on_______.eaglesTourismslideslidesswingswingsTherearemanystoriesaboutBritain’sancientKingArthur,somejust________.WhenArthurwasaboy,nooneknewwhohisparentswere.Heworkedforagreatknightandhisson,tohelpthempreparefor___________andbattles.Oneday,newscamethatBritain’soldkinghaddiedwithoutason.To________thekingdomfromdisorder,theoldwizardMerlintooktheking’s________anddroveitintoagreatstone.attractiondeedfantasypreserveswordtournamentwhicheverfantasytournamentspreserve3Completetheparagraph.swordHeannouncedthat__________knightcouldtakeitoutwasBritain’strueking.The___________broughtmanyknightsfromalloverthecountrytotrytheirstrength.Onemorning,Arthurcameacrossthe_________inthestone.Heknewnothingaboutitbutdecidedthatheshouldtrytogetitforhismaster.Hepulledhard,anditcameout!SoonthewholecountryheardaboutArthur’samazing_______andmadehimking.sworddeedattractionwhichever3Writeouttheoriginalwords.unchangeableadj._______dislikev._______impossibilityn._________unfriendlyadj.________overworkv.________misunderstandingn.____________athleticadj.________misreadv.________translatorn._________changelikepossiblefriendlookunderstandathletereadtranslateDiscoveringusefulstructures(P37)4Fillthetable.NounverbAdjectiveAdverbamusementamuseamusingamusinglyadmitimaginesettleequipattractadmissionadmissibleadmissiblyimaginationimaginativeimaginativelysettlementsettledequipmentequippedattractionattractiveattractivelyWordFormationGrammarup-to-date为复合形容词,与out-of-date相对(落伍的;旧式的;过时的),意为“现代的;时新的”。如：up-to-dateideas最新的思想anup-to-daterecord最新的纪录up-to-dateclothes时髦的衣服anout-of-datemodel老式的模型英语构词法(WordFormation)掌握一些英语构词法,对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助,下面我们将列举一些常用的构词法:1.合成(Compounding)2.转化(Conversion)3.派生(Derivation)1.合成(Compounding)由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连字符号“-”连接,有的直接连写在一起.e.g.wood(木)＋cut(刻)＝woodcut(木刻)man(人)＋kind(种类)＝mankind(人类)air(空气,空中)＋sick(恶心的,晕的)＝airsick(晕机的)merry-go-round旋转木马up-to-date最新的life-size与真人一般大复合形容词的构成方式例词形容词＋形容词red-hot,bitter-sweet,形容词＋名词first-class,full-time,形容词＋现在分词good-looking,形容词＋过去分词ready-made形容词＋名词-edgood-tempered,名词＋名词-ediron-willed名词＋形容词world-famous，名词＋现在分词beauty-loving,复合形容词的构成方式例词名词＋过去分词man-made,副词＋形容词ever-green,副词＋现在分词hard-working,副词＋过去分词well-prepared,数词＋名词five-year,数词＋名词+形容词five-year-old,数词＋名词-edfour-legged,复合名词的构成方式例词名词＋名词horseback,bank-note,形容词＋名词back-yard,forehead，动名词＋名词hiding-place,reading-room动词＋副词get-off,break-in,breakdown,副词＋动词output,overflow动词＋名词pickpocket,break-water副词＋名词overcoat,inland代词＋名词he-goat,she-wolf名词＋介词＋名词editor-in-chief,father-in-law其他复合词的构成方式例词复合动词名词＋动词day-dream，sun-bathe副词＋动词overcome,upturn，形容词＋动词white-wash复合副词名词+名词sideways名词+副词headfirst形容词+名词meanwhile介词+名词beforehand其他复合词的构成方式例词复合代词代词宾格或物主代词+self(selves)himself,ourselves某些不定代词+body(one,thing)everyone(everybody,everything),nobody(noone,nothing)2.转化(conversion)由一种词类转换成另一种词类。(即一般拼写不变,但是词类发生了变化，有时发音也变化)e.g.watern.水----waterv.浇水dirtyadj.脏的----dirtyv.弄脏e.g.Hewentinandsatdown.Thearmydownedaplane.名词转化为动词形容词转化为动词名词转化为形容词副词转换为动词telephone电话→打电话slow慢的→放慢front前面→前面的down向下→击倒hand手→交给warm暖的→使温暖black黑色→黑色的back向后→后退record录音→记录empty空的→倒空noble贵族→高贵的up向上→提高date日期→定日期better较好→改善key钥匙→关键的name名字→命名cool凉爽→使冷face脸→面对转化法举例动词转化为名词动词转化为形容词形容词转化为名词一些形容词前加the后转换为名词drink喝→饮料perfect使完善→完美的chief主要的→首领thewounded受伤的人们study学习→书房fit适合→适合的first第一的→第一个theblind盲人们lookat→havealookatwrong错误的→错误thebeautiful美丽的东西转化法举例3.派生(Derivation)由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词.1)后缀(suffix)①名词后缀-oractorsailor-istscientist-mentachievementmovement-(a)tionpreparationexception-ydifficultydiscovery②形容词后缀-fulusefulcheerful-ablecomfortableenjoyable-edmannedcultured-lesscarelessfearless-iveactivedecisive-anEuropeanIndian③动词后缀-izerealizemodernize-enwidenstrengthen④副词后缀-lyreallyextremely-wardbackwardeastward⑤数词后缀-teenfourteenfifteen-tyfortyfifty-thninthtwelfth表示人和物的名词后缀后缀意义用法例词表示人er从事…职业的人，做…的人，…地方的人加在动词、名词、形容词上teacher,workerlearner,or与-er同义外来后缀，加在外来词上visitor,educatoreer从事于...的人用于外来词engineer,mountai