考研英语翻译真题

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考研英语翻译翻译技巧及2012年翻译真题•授课内容:•1.•2.翻译原文解析•3.翻译题解析及翻译技巧•46)Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme(1),andseeksatheoryofeverything(0.5)—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee(0.5).•结构分析:•oneapproachtakes...andseeks...主干——•thisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme:——宾语•atheoryofeverything:——宾语•asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee:——同位语wesee:定语从句•46)Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme(1),andseeksatheoryofeverything(0.5)—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee(0.5)•多义词:•approach:v:接近n:方法/做法•Impulse:n:脉搏,冲击。n:冲动/愿望•Unification:n:(制服,宇宙,大学)adj:统一性,普遍性•Generate:adj:一般的v:生成Generative:adj:一般的,adj:有生产力的,生成的\•Equation:n:相等n:公式•Extreme:adj:极端的,极致的n:极端,极致•46)Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme(1),andseeksatheoryofeverything(0.5)—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee(0.5).•增词:1.破折号,2.(seek)asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee.•takes:将...发挥到极致•46.物理学中,有一种做法将这种对统一性的紧迫需求发挥到了极致,试图寻找适应一切的理论——一个涵括我们所看到一切的生成性公式。•47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification(0.5),forifallhumanssharecommonorigins(0.5),itseemsreasonabletosupposethat(0.5)culturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.(0.5)•结构分析:•1.Darwinismseemstoofferjustification.主干1•2.ifallhumanssharecommonorigins条件状语从句•3.Foritseemsreasonabletosuppose主干2•4.thatculturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.(宾语从句)宾语从句•47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification(0.5),forifallhumanssharecommonorigins(0.5),itseemsreasonabletosupposethat(0.5)culturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.(0.5)•多义词易错点:•justification:证明,正当的理由公正•Diversity:多样化,多元性分歧,分化•Constrained:有限的,被强迫的,被压迫,约束•Common:共有的,共同的普通的,普遍的•Suppose:认为,假设,猜想•47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification(0.5),forifallhumanssharecommonorigins(0.5),itseemsreasonabletosupposethat(0.5)culturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.(0.5)•增词:(在)此,此(时)•词义转换:根据上下文(also)origigin=beginningsthatculturaldiversitycouldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.•47.这里,达尔文似乎给出了证明,因为如果人类有相同的起源,那么我们似乎就有理由认为,文化的多样性同样也可以追溯到更为有限的起源。•48)Tofilteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatisshared(0.5)mightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehaviourarose(0.5)andwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms(1).•结构剖析:•1.tofilterout...mightenableustounderstand...主干:•2.Whatisunique宾语从句•3.Whatisshared宾语从句•4.Howcomplexculturalbehaviourarose宾语从句•5.andwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms.宾语从句•48)Tofilteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatisshared(0.5)mightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehaviourarose(0.5)andwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms(1).•易错点:•arose:出现,产生上升,一只玫瑰•Guide:指导,操纵,影响导游,•Share:共有,共享,均摊分享•term:学期,条款•terms:条件,措辞,说法,学期(复数)•intermsof+n=in+adj+terms:从...方面来说,依据•48)Tofilteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatisshared(0.5)mightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehaviourarose(0.5)andwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms(1).•增词:enableusto:这使得我们...•代词it的指代和翻译:•名词根据意义以为上文所指culturalbehavior••48.从共性中过滤出独特性,这使得我们得以理解复杂的文化行为产生的根源,并从进化和认知的角度文化行为走向的源动力。•49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality(0.5),identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages(0.5),whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints(1).•结构分析:•1.Thesecondtakesamoreempiricalapproach—主干•2.byJoshuaGreenberg,插入语•3.identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages伴随状语•4.whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints.}—非限制性定语从句•5.thatresultfromcognitiveconstraints—定语从句•49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality(0.5),identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages(0.5),whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints(1).•难点词易错词:•approachv.接近,靠近n方法途径(辨别词义和词性)•Universality:n.普遍性,一致性,共性(大学,宇宙)•Trait:n.特点,特征•Constraint:n.限制,强制(constant)•resultfrom:由于•biases:偏见,倾向性•49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality(0.5),identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages(0.5),whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints(1)•翻译技巧:增词:thesecond+(effort)•(wasmade)+byJoshuaGreenberg•(he)takes:他采用...•to+(study)languages'universality:来研究语言的共性••49.第二个为此做出努力的人是约书亚·格林伯格,他采用更为经验主义的方法来研究普遍性,确认多种语言(尤其是语序方面的)共同特征,这些特征被认为是体现了由认知局限性而带来的倾向。•50)Chomsky’sgrammarshouldshowpatternsoflanguagechange(0.5)thatareindependentofthefamilytreeorthepathwaytrackedthroughit(0.5),whereasGreenbergianuniversalitypredictsstrongco-dependencies(0.5)betweenparticulartypesofword-orderrelations.(0.5)•结构解析:•1.Chomsky’sgrammarshouldshowpatterns——主干•2.thatareindependentofthefamilytreeorthepathwaytrackedthroughit——定语从句•3.whereasGreenbergianuniversalitypredictsstrongco-dependenciesbetweenparticulartypesofword-orderrelations.——主干•4.oflanguagechange后置定语•5.trackedthroughit后置定语•6.betweenparticulartypesofword-orderrelations.后置定语•50)Chomsky’sgrammarshouldshowpatternsoflanguagechange(0.5)thatareindependentofthefamilytreeorthepathwaytrackedthroughit(0.5),whereasGreenbergianuniversalitypredictsstrongco-dependencies(0.5)betweenparticula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