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英语1304班童波AnEssayonCriticism---AlexanderPopeAlexanderPope（1688----1744）•PopewasanoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschoolinthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.Hewasamasterintheartofpoetryandwascertainlythegreatestinhisstage.ItwasPopethatcarriedheroiccouplettoitslaststageofperfection.MajorWorksAnEssayonCriticism《批评论》02AnEssayonMan《人论》04TheDunciad《愚人志》03TheRapeoftheLock《夺发记》AnHeroic-ComicalPoem01Works•1705,Pastorals《田园诗集》•1711,AnEssayonCriticism《批评论》•TheRapeoftheLock《夺发记》(twocantos,1712;fivecantos,1714)（AnHeroi-ComicalPoem英雄滑稽诗）•1713,Windsor-Forest《温莎林》•1728,TheDunciad《愚人志》•1731-1735,MoralEssays《道德论》•1734,AnEssayonMan《人论》•1735,EpistletoDr.Arbuthnot《与阿布斯诺博士书》•ThetranslationsofHomer’sIliad《伊利亚特》andOdyssey《奥德赛》(poetlaureate)•TheeditionofShakespeare’splays.AnEssayonCriticismAnEssayonCriticismwasthefirstmajorpoemwrittenbyAlexanderPope.Itisadidacticpoemwritteninheroiccouplets.Itconsistsof744linesandisdividedintothreeparts.ItisprimarilyconcernedwithhowwritersandcriticsbehaveinthenewliterarycommerceofPope'scontemporaryage.Thepoemcoversarangeofgoodcriticismandadvice.ItalsorepresentsmanyofthechiefliteraryidealsofPope'sage.ThethreepartsofAnEssayonCriticism01Generalqualitiesneededbythecritic(1-200)ThepoetfirstlamentsthedearthoftruetasteinpoeticcriticismofhisdayandcallsonpeopletoturntotheoldGreekandRomanwritersforguidance.03Theidealcharacterofthecritic(506-744)Attheendofthepoem,healsotracesthehistoryofliterarycriticismfromAristotledowntoBoileauandRoscommon.02Paticularlawsforthecritic(201-559)Afteradetailedaccountofthevariousproblemsinliterarycriticism,heoffershisownideasandpresentstheclassicalrules.AnEssayonCriticism节选---AboutLearning(p56)Alittlelearningisadangerousthing;Drinkdeep,ortastenotthePierianspring:Thereshallowdraughtsintoxicatethebrain,Anddrinkinglargelysobersusagain.一知半解危害不浅彼埃利亚泉水如不痛饮就别只尝一点浅酌只能使我们懵懂痛饮才能让我们清醒Metonymy:representsafountainknowledgeFiredatfirstsightwithwhattheMuseimparts,Infearlessyouthwetempttheheightsofarts,一下子就激发于缪斯所传年少无畏的我们要翻越艺术的高山WhilefromtheboundedlevelofourmindShortviewswetake,norseethelengthsbehind;然而我们的心灵受到束缚短视的我们看不到下面的长度Butmoreadvanced,beholdwithstrangesurpriseNewdistantscenesofendlesssciencerise!然而意想不到的惊喜摆在前面新的无尽的风景在远处显现SopleasedatfirstthetoweringAlpswetry,Mountoverthevales,andseemtotreadthesky,如此愉悦首次如愿登上阿尔卑斯山谷连着山，仿佛漫步在云间Metaphor:theheightsofartscomparestothemountainAlpsTheeternalsnowsappearalreadypast,Andthefirstcloudsandmountainsseemthelast;不化的积雪已经越过最初的云朵和山峦似乎才刚刚经过But,thoseattained,wetrembletosurveyThegrowinglaborsofthelengthenedway;俯瞰走过的路我们在颤抖前面的路更加不好走Theincreasingprospecttiresourwanderingeyes,Hillspeepoverhills,andAlpsonAlpsarise前面不绝的美景迷离了我们的双眼山相连，阿尔卑斯漫无边Alittlelearningisadangerousthing;Drinkdeep,ortastenotthePierianspring:Thereshallowdraughtsintoxicatethebrain,Anddrinkinglargelysobersusagain.FiredatfirstsightwithwhattheMuseimparts,Infearlessyouthwetempttheheightsofarts,WhilefromtheboundedlevelofourmindShortviewswetake,norseethelengthsbehind;aabbccdd•TherearelotsofbrilliantlypolishedepigramsinAnEssayonCriticismwhichhavebecomepartoftheproverbialheritageofthelanguage.（这部作品中很多名句已成为英语成语。）•①Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.（一知半解是危险的。）•②Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine.（人非圣贤孰能无过。）•③Forfoolsrushinwhereangelsfeartotread.（智者裹足不前,愚者铤而走险。）ThemeTheEssayonCriticismismoreprofitablyintroducedbyatopicalsummaryofitsthemesthanbyananalysisofitspremises.Foritspremisesandaimsarethoseoftheentireneoclassictradition.Andthepoemitselfisastatementorsummaryofthemratherthananindividualargumentoranalysis.SignificanceofAnEssayonCriticism•Thepoem,asacomprehensivestudyofthetheoriesofliterarycriticism,exertedgreatinfluenceuponPope'scontemporarywritersinadvocatingtheclassicalrulesandpopularizingtheneoclassicisttraditioninEngland.Thanksforyourattention!