毕业设计--基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现

广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现广东白云学院毕业设计(论文)开题报告题目：基于霍尔传感器的控制电机测速装置的设计与实现课题类型：论文□设计□学生姓名学号：班级：07自动化2班专业（全称）：自动化系别：电子信息工程系指导教师：2010年10月广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现2基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现摘要在工业生产生活中，经常会遇到各种需要测量转速的场合，例如在发电机、电动机、机床主轴等旋转设备的实验运转和控制中，常需要分时或连续测量、显示其转速及瞬时速度。为了能精确地测量转速，还要保证测量的实时性，要求能测的瞬时速度。针对工业上常见的发动机设计了以单片机STC89C52为控制核心的转速测量系统，本文介绍基于霍尔传感器的电机测速系统，该系统利用霍尔传感器采集脉冲信号，通过定时计数法程序，将转速结果实时显示出来。实际测试表明,该系统能满足发动机转速测量要求。关键词:单片机;电机测速系统;霍尔传感器;定时广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现3SENSORBASEDONHALLOFMOTORSPEEDDEVICEDESIGNABSTRACTInthecourseofindustrialproductioninlifeoftenneedtomeasurespeedencountervariousoccasions.Forexample,ATtheenginesmotorsmachinetoolspindlesandotherrotatingequipment’soperationandcontrolofthepioltoftenneedfrequenttime-sharingorcontinuousmeasurementsshowitsspeedandinstantaneousvelocity.Inordertoaccuratelymeasured.TherotatespeemeasurementsystemforthecommonengineisdesignedwiththesinglechipSTC89C52.Thispaperinroducesamicrocomputer-basedhallsensorspeedsystem,thesyetemusesHallsensorpulsesignalcollectedthroughthetimercountingalgorithmprograms,willspeedtheresultsofreal-timedisply.Theresultoftheexperimentshowsthatthemeasurementsystemisabletosatisfytherequirementoftheenginerotatespeedmeasurement.Keywords:Single-chip;MotorSpeedSystem;Hallsensor;Timing广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现4目录第1章绪论........................................................................................................................................61.1基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的现状.........................................................61.2课题的研究背景和意义及研究内容....................................................................6第二章基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置总体方案设计..................................................82.1系统原理框图设计...................................................................................82.2总体方案的论证.......................................................................................92.2.1系统结构方案论证..........................................................................92.2.2转速测量方案论证.........................................................................92.2.3电机驱动方案论证.......................................................................102.2.4键盘显示方案论证........................................................................102.2.5转速显示方案论证.......................................................................102.2.6PWM软件实现方案论证.............................................................112.3各模块的分析、计算与硬件电路设计.................................................112.3.1转速测量电路的设计......................................................................112.3.2电机驱动电路的设计.....................................................................122.3.3LCD显示电路与STC89C52的接口设计.....................................13第三章本系统各部分功能程序设计......................................................................................143.1系统总程序框图设计.............................................................................143.2电机转速测量程序设计.........................................................................153.3按键控制程序设计.................................................................................153.4LCD显示程序设计.................................................................................183.5PWM信号的单片机程序实现................................................................19第四章本系统的实现与调试.......................................................................................................204.1制作PCB过程与步骤............................................................................20广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现54.2焊接硬件电路..........................................................................................214.3硬件部分测试..........................................................................................214.4软件部分调试.........................................................................................234.5实验调试与系统优化..............................................................................23第五章总结......................................................................................................................................25参考文献.............................................................................................................................................26致谢..................................................................................................................................................27附录1：硬件总图...........................................................................................................................28附录2：电路PCB版图.................................................................................................................29附录3：ISIS7PROFESSIONAL仿真图.................................................................................32附录4：基于霍尔传感器的电机转速装置元件清单........................................................33附录5：程序清单...........................................................................................................................34广东白云学院基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的设计与实现6第1章绪论1.1基于霍尔传感器的电机测速装置的现状霍尔传感器是利用霍尔效应实现磁电转换的一种传感器，我国从７Ｏ年代开始研究霍尔器件，经过２０余年的研究和开发，目前已经能生产各种性能的霍尔元件，霍尔