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Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld•1.Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportanttimesofyear.节日旨在庆祝一年中重要的日子。•Cerebrate庆祝（仪式，庆典等），祝贺•（以文章、演说等）颂扬，赞美•celebrationn.庆祝，祝贺•incelebrationof为了庆祝•Theyhissuccessandthelastedfourhours.（celebration）•Theyheldapartytheirfifitiethweddinganniversary•celebrate与congratulate的主要差别•celebrate的宾语往往是节日、纪念日或事件•congratulate的宾语是人•congratulatesbonsth/doingsth祝贺某人（做）某事•2.Discusswhentheytakeplace,whattheycelebrateandwhetpeopledoatthattime.•讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间举行，庆祝的是什么，人们在那时做什么。•takeplace发生•takefirstplace获得第一名•takeone’splace就坐，代替某人•taketheplaceof代替•inplaceof=insteadof代替1.Takeplace发生，举行，指事先经过安排的事情2.Happen偶然发生，常带有未能预见的意思Sthhappen(s)tosb某人发生某事3.Occur发生，想起Itoccurstosbthat···某人突然想起4.Breakout战争、火灾、疾病的突然爆发5.Comeout发生、产生，多用于疑问句和否定句Doyouknowhowtheairaccidentcameout？•以上表示发生的动词词组，均为不及物动词词组，不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态•3.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会饿死。①Starve使饿死，饿得要死a)Starvetodeath/bestarvedtodeath饿死Millionsofpeoplehavestarvedtodeath.b)Starvetodosth渴望去做某事Hestarvestoexploretheouterspace.c)Starveforsth渴望获得Thepatient’sbrainstarvedforoxygend)Bestarving饿极了Whenwillthedinnerbeready?I’mstarving.②be+性质形容词+动词不定式A.句子中主语与动词不定式之间在逻辑上是被动关系，动词不定式仍用主动形式表示被动意义B.该结构常见形容词：easy,hard,difficult,impossible,pleasant,interesting,danderous,comfortable•Eg:Theproblemishardtosolve.•theworkisimpossibletofinishnextmonth.误区警示A.在这种句式中，动词不定式并不强调主语跟他的被动关系，而是表明形容词是其动作的结果B.为理解方便，可以在动词不定式前加一个逻辑主语forsbThequestioniseasyformetoanswerC.如果动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，要在动词后适当的介词Theroomispleasantforustolivein.⑤D⑥A⑦toget⑧tobreathe⑨iseasytolearn⑩comfortabletolivein•4.FortheJapanesefestivalObon,peopleshouldgotocleangravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancessors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓，烧香，以缅怀祖先①Inmemoryof纪念，追悼•Haveagood/badmemoryfor对···记忆力好/差•Bringbackmemories引对往事的回忆②“In+n+of”短语①D②inmemoryof③infavor/supportof④inhonor/memoryof⑤inchargeof5.Onthisimportantfeastday,peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakeswithbonesonthem.在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的饰物和装点有“骨头“的蛋糕。With复合结构①With+宾语+名词•Shediedwithhersonyetababy.②With+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语•Hesleptinthechairwiththedooropen.•Heleftwithallthelightson•Hecameinwithabookinhishand.③With+宾语+现在分词•Withalocalpeopleleadingtheway,wegotthereeasily.•现在分词表示主动且正在进行的动作④With+宾语+过去分词•Withtheproblemsolved,wefinishedtheworkontime.•过去分词表示被动且完成的动作⑤With+宾语+动词不定式•Withsomuchworktodo,Icouldn’tgowithyou.•动词不定式表示将要发生的动作误区警示•With复合结构中，现在分词表示主动且正在进行的动作，过去分词表示被动且完成的动作，动词不定式表示将要发生的动作，但是不能使用分词的完成式。•Withalltheworkhavingfinished,hewenthome.•Withalltheworkfinished,hewenthome①B②going③fixed④open⑤tofollow⑥Withalotofhomeworktodo,⑦Withallthecropsharvested•6.Thewesternholidayhalloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.西方的万圣节前夕也源自于人们古老的信念，认为亡灵者的灵魂会返回人间。•Belief信心，信念；信任，依赖①One’sbeliefisthat(=itisone’sbeliefthat)某人相信②Have(no)beliefthatin（不）相信③Have/holdbeliefthat相信····④Beyondbelief令人难以置信⑤Shakeone’sbeliefin动摇某人对···的信心Believeinsb=havebeliefinsb信任某人Bedifferentfrom=differfrom与···不同①B②that③in④a⑤havebeliefin⑥beyondbelief•7.Itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirneighbours’homestoaskforsweets.万圣节前夕如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮去邻居家要糖果吃。•Dressup盛装，打扮①dressupas装扮成②dresssb/oneself给···穿衣服③bedressedin①dressup②dressedupas③CA.takeup占据，拿起B.makeup编造，构成D.turnup声音调大•8.Iftheneughboursdonotgivanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.•如果邻居什么糖果也不给，那么孩子们就可能捉弄他们。•Trick①n.诡计，恶作剧•playatrick/trickson/uponsb捉弄某人②v.欺骗，诈骗•tricksbintodoingsth骗得某人做某事•tricksboutofsth骗取某人某物链接①cheatsbintodoingsth欺骗某人做某事•cheatsboutofsth骗取某人某物•foolsbintodoingsth欺骗某人做某事②makefunof取笑•laughat嘲笑•playajoke/jokeson/uopnsb开某人的玩笑•9.IntheUSA,ColumbusDayisinmemoryofthearrivalofChristopherColumbusinthenewworld.美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现新大陆的节日•arrivaln.到来，到达①thearrivalof···的到来②Onthearrivalin/at···=onarrivingin/at一到达=assoonassbarrive•On表示“一···就···”•10.IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependencefromBritain.印度在十月二日有个全国性的节日，纪念莫罕达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而获得独立的领袖。①Gain•v.获得，得到，受益•Hegainedexperiencefromthefailures.•n.收益，获利，财富•Nopain,nogain不劳则无获•Gainareputation•获得声望•Gainweight/speed/time•增加体重/加快速度/赢得时间•Gainone’srepect/trust•获得某人的尊重/信任•Gaintwominutes•（钟表）快两分钟②Independencen.独立，自主a)Gainindependencefrom脱离···而独立b)Independence是以后缀-ence结尾的名词，其形容词为independent，其后缀为-ent•Difference-different•Intelligence-intelligent•Silence-silent•Dependon=relyon依靠c)Bedependenton依赖依靠•Beindependentof独立于，不受··约束•It/Thatalldepends那得视情况而定•11.Peoplearegratefulbecausetheirfoodisgatheredforthewinterandtheagriculturalworkisover.由于越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活也结束了，人们都心怀感激。•Gatherv.聚集，集合，收拢，采集•Gatheraround聚集，集合•Gathertogether聚集起来，合拢•Gatherin收割，收获•Gatherup收拾起来•12.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce,likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡•Awardn.奖，奖品•win/getanawardfor因为···而获奖•Vt.授予，给予，奖给•awardsbsth=awardsthtosbaward奖品，奖励awardsbsthreward报答，酬劳rewardsbwithsth•13.ChinaandJapanhavemid-autumnfestivals,whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina,enjoymooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。•Admire赞美，钦佩，羡慕•Admiresbforsth因某事而钦佩/羡慕某人admiration•admirin