搜索
监理手册陵县永安工程建设监理有限公司精品文库欢迎下载2目录一开工前的准备工作二地基基础工程施工2.1土方开挖·································································012.2基土钎探·································································012.3验槽·····································································022.4地基处理·································································022.5垫层·····································································032.6钢筋工程·································································042.7模板工程··································································072.8混凝土基础································································082.9砖基础····································································112.10防潮层···································································112.11回填土···································································12三主体工程3.1砌砖工程·································································133.2混凝土多孔砖工程··························································133.3钢筋工程·································································143.4模板工程·································································143.5砼工程···································································153.6预置空心楼板工程·························································16四装饰装修4.1抹灰工程·································································184.2地暖工程·································································194.3外墙保温工程·····························································204.4室内防水工程······························································224.5铝塑门窗安装······························································234.6面砖镶贴··································································244.7内、外墙涂料粉刷工程·····················································25五屋面工程安装篇一基础电气工程·····························································27二基础给排水工程···························································27三主体电气工程·····························································27四主体给排水工程···························································28五装修电气工程·····························································28六装修给排水工程···························································29其它········································································32建筑工程材料检验取样标准····················································33建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准················································37精品文库欢迎下载3规范标准基本用词说明························································41建筑工程资料管理基本要求····················································42一、开工前的准备工作一、开工前的准备工作：1.编制监理规划、监理细则、旁站方案、安全监理规划、安全监理细则、安全旁站方案。2.审查施工单位施工组织设计、技术交底、工程管理人员上岗证。3.应搜集的资料:施工许可证；规划许可证；施工单位资质、安全生产许可证、现场管理人员名单。4.熟悉高程控制点及轴线控制桩。5.熟悉图纸及现场情况.6.主持召开第一次监理会议，需明确内容：监理人员职责及分工；监理管理工作的一些要求和规定；例会召开的时间、地点、主要参加人员。二、地基基础工程施工1.土方开挖1.一般规定1.1土方开挖时，应防止附近已有建筑物或构筑物、道路、管线等发生下沉和变形。应与设计单位或者建设单位协商采取保护措施，并在施工中进行沉降和位移观测。当土方工程挖方较深时，应采取措施，防止基坑底部土的隆起并避免危害周边环境。1.2土方不应堆积在基坑边缘。材料堆放应距坑沿1米以上的距离，堆土高度不超过1.5米。2.监理要点2.1基槽开挖前，楼体放线必须经规划部门验收合格。2.2严禁超挖，如果超挖，超深部分的处理应由设计单位确定方案，施工单位不得擅自填埋。2.3冬季开挖后，如基础垫层不能紧跟施工，应将基坑（槽）覆盖，防止基土冻结。2.4当开挖深度超过3米或虽开挖深度没超过3米但地质条件和周边环境复杂的，应采取基坑支护措施。2.5采用机械施工时，只能挖至设计高程以上30cm，以下用人工挖至设计高程。2.基土钎探1.一般规定1.1为探明地基在一定深度内是否存在坟坑、古井、古河道、人防工程等异常和土质分部不均情况，对地基进行钎探。1.2钎眼距离当设计没有规定，且满堂开挖时，其距离不大于1.5米，呈梅花型布置，钎探深度不得小于1.8米。精品文库欢迎下载41.3钎眼布置应和钎眼布置图相符。钎探数据应真实有效，填写清晰，钎眼标识应清晰，便于查找。钎点位置用白灰方格线控制，探孔离槽边0.2米左右。2.监理要点2.1检查钎眼深度。用2米长钢筋，检查实际钎探深度。2.2灌砂。验完槽后，应及时用细砂灌钎眼。3.验槽验槽由建设单位组织，设计、勘察、施工、监理、质检站参加。验槽意见以勘察和设计为主。验槽意见必须形成书面文件，并有各责任主体签字。没有书面验槽文件，不得对地基进行处理。4.地基处理1.灰土地基.1.1一般规定：1.1.1灰土应拌合均匀，颜色一致，并保持一定的湿度，加水量宜为拌合料总重量的16％。1.1.2灰土分段施工时，上下两层灰土的接槎距离不得小于500mm。当灰土垫层标高不同时，应作成阶梯形。接槎时应垂直切齐。接缝不要留在荷载较大的部位。1.1.3灰土最上一层完成后，应拉线或用靠尺检查标高和平整度，超高处用铁锹铲平；低洼处应及时补打灰土。1.1.4宜优先选用黏土、粉质黏土或粉土，不得含有有机杂物，使用前应先过筛，其粒径不大于15mm。1.1.5石灰应用块灰，使用前应充分熟化过筛，不得含有粒径大于5mm的生石灰块，也不得含有过多的水分。1.1.6当灰土厚度小于等于20cm时，可采用小型机械搅拌（30或50拖拉机）；当灰土厚度大于20cm小于等于30cm时，需用大型灰土拌和机搅拌，也可用小型机械分两层搅拌。当厚度超过30cm时，应分层搅拌。1.2监理要点：1.2.1控制白灰用量。根据铺设厚度计算出用灰量，然后和施工单位的实际进灰量进行比较。3：7灰土每立方白灰含量0.21立方（0.245T），2：8灰土每立方白灰含量0.14立方。1.2.2灰土拌合后，应保持一定灰土的湿度，应以手握成团，两指轻捏即碎为宜。1.2.3灰土应连续进行，尽快完成，施工中应有防雨排水措施，刚打完或尚未夯实的灰土，如遭受雨淋浸泡，应将积水及松软灰土除去，并补填夯实；受浸湿的灰土，应晾干后再夯打密实。1.2.4灰土垫层不宜冬期施工，当施工时必须采取措施，并不得在基土受冻的状态下铺设灰土，土料不得含有冻块，应覆盖保温，当日拌合的灰土，应当日铺完夯完，夯完的灰精品文库欢迎下载5土表面应用塑料薄膜和草袋覆盖保温。2.砂和砂石地基2.1一般规定：2.1.1铺筑砂（或砂石）的厚度，一般为150-200mm，不宜超过300mm，分层厚度可用样桩控制。视不同条件，可选用夯实或压实的方法。夯实可采用平板振动器，压实可采用6—10吨的压路机。2.1.2砂和砂石宜铺设在同一标高的基土上，如深度不同时，基土底面应挖成踏步或斜坡形，接槎处应注意压（夯）实。施工应按先深后浅的顺序进行。2.1.3分段施工时，接槎处应作成斜坡，每层接槎处的水平距离应错开0.5～1.cm，并充分压（夯）实。2.1.4.铺筑级配砂在夯实碾压前，应根据其干湿程度和气候条件，适当洒水湿润，以保持砂的最佳含水量，一般为8％～12％。2.1.5采用砂石处理时，应按配比在搅拌机里搅拌，不得在现场随用随调。2.1.6施工时应分层找平，夯压密实，最后一层压（夯）完成后，表面应拉线找平，并且要符合设计规定的标高。2.2监理要点：2.2.1垫层的铺设，应待其下一层检验合格后方可施工上一层。砂石配比应均匀，不得出现石子或砂子集中现象。振捣必须密实，不得有漏振现象。2.2.2)砂和砂石不得含有草根等有机杂质；砂应采用中砂；石子最大粒径不得大于垫层厚度的2／3。2.2.3砂石施工应连续进行，尽快完成，施工中应有防雨排水措施，刚铺筑完尚未夯实的砂石，如遭受雨淋浸泡，应将积水排走，晾干后再夯打密实。2.2.4不得在基土受冻的状态下铺设砂石，砂中不得含有冻块，夯完的砂石表面应用塑料薄膜或草袋覆盖保温。砂石垫层冬期不宜施工。3.其他。3.1地基处理完成以后，必须经过监理验收，才能进行下一道工序，有必要时可请设计人员参加验收。3.2桩基、符合地基必须有有资质的检测部门出具的检测文件。5.垫层1.一般规定1.1垫层施工前，主要材料应有试验室出具的检