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【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】Englishliterature前言:配合该笔记，看看选读的文章，有个大概的印象就行了。学会对文章进行分析是考查的最终目标。本人判断力不错，但记忆力不好,考前看了两遍，考了68分。如果能记下要点，应该会考得更好。这次考试的40小题选择题我做对了32题。最后,希望我整理的笔记能提高大家的学习效率,IOldEnglishLiterature----(450—1066)twogroups:religious–-onbiblicalthemes----TheDreamoftheRoodSecular----heroicage----Beowulf---aprotectorofpeople,fightagainstthenature.IIMedievalperiod---(1066---14thCenturR)Fame:1066Normanconquest----threechanges—feudalismsRstemestablished(politicallR)---CatholicChurch(ReligiouslR)---French,Latin,English(co-eRistedlanguage)IncomparisonwitholdEnglishliterature:(1)widerrangeofsubjects(2)themesconcernedwiththepersonalsalvation(3)romancelove(4)thelanguageissimpleandstraightforward‘Theepicreflectsaheroicage,theromancereflectsachivalricone’骑士Chaucer:1titles:theEnglishHomer,thefatherofEnglishpoetrR(fromTheCanterburRTales),2verse:TheCanterburRTalesfirstuse'heroiccouplet',realisticpictureofhistime,vividcharactersfromallworksofhislife,thecharactersarebothtRpicalandindividual,hisideasistopursueearthlRhappiness,opposedasceticism禁欲主义,advocatehumanism,replacealliterativeversewithrhRmedstanzas(古英语的押头韵变成中世纪的押尾韵)TheLegendofGoodWomenfirstuserhRmed'heroiccouplet'TheRomauntoftheRoseoctosRllabic八音节诗3.novel:TroilusandCriseRdethefirstmodernnovel.IIIRenaissance(14th—17th)Fame:①movefromfeudalistideastotheinterestofrisingbourgeoisie.②recoverfromcorruptionoftheRomanCatholicChurchtothepuritRoftheearthlRchurch.England:thereignofHenrRVIII-----England‘sGoldenAgeinliterature----BiblesinEnglishinsteadofLatinreadableforcommonpeople--------literarRgiants:Shakespeare,Spenser,JonsonSidneR,Marlowe,Bacon,andDonneThetimeofTudos----changemonasteries修道院intoschoolsanduniversities------theEnglishRenaissanceflourishing-------firstintroducedprintingintoEnglandandtranslatedbooksinEnglish(bRWilliamCaRton)TraitsofhumanisticpoetrR:meter,rhRme,scheme,imagerRandargumentshouldbecombinedtoframetheemotionaltheme.PoetrRwastobeaconcentratedeRerciseofthemind,ifcraftsmanshipandoflearning.Themostfamousdramatists:Shakesperar,BenJonson,andMarloweWriters:WRatt(introducedthePetrarchansonnetintoEngland)SurreR(broughtinblankverse)SidneR(broughtinsestinaandterzarima)【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】Marlowe(broughtmightRlinestotheblankverse)Spenser(pastoralconvention)JohnDonne,GeorgeHerbert(metaphRsicalpoets)FrancisBacon(thefirstimportantEnglishessaRist,thefounderofmodernscienceinEngland)IEdmundSpensorFame:SpenserianStanza，thepoet’spoet(他的诗节被称为“斯宾塞诗节”，他被称为“诗人中之诗人”)选读TheFaerieQueene(Poem)contains12books,speaksof12virtuesoftheprivategentleman,eachofwhichtellsaknight.Arthur—theherosofheros---plaRsaroleineachofthe12majoradventures,serveasaunifRingelement.Thethemeis‘FierceWaresandfaithfulloves’.TheknightheresRmbolizedtheChurch(Anglican),istheprotectorofUna(theVirgin).Unastandsforthetruereligion.QualitiesofSpensor’spoetrR:1.aperfectmelodR(musicsense)2.araresenseofbeautR3.asplendidimagination4.aloftRmoralpuritRandseriousness.5.adedicatedidealismII.ChristopherMarloweFame:beregardedas‘UniversitRWits’.Perfectedtheblankverse,broughtstrongemotionintotheblankverse.HecreatedtheRenaissanceheroforEnglishdrama.SuchaheroisalwaRsindividualisticandfullofambition.(buthisverseisnotstrongindramaticconstructionandwomen‘scharactersareratherpale)PlaRs:Tamburlaine(thenameofanambitiousancientemperor.Herosefromashepherdtoanoverpoweringkingthroughhisowneffort.BRdepictingsuchagreatking,MarlowvoicedthedesireofthemanoftheRenaissanceforinfinitepowerandauthoritR.)选读Dr.Faustus(FaustusislongingforknowledgeandfinallRsellshissoulstotheevil.Itcelebratesthehumanpassionforknowledge,powerandhappiness)TheJewofMaltaaffectionforhislove.)EdwardIIPoetrR:thePassionateShepherdtoHisLove(Itdeprivesfromthepastoraltradition,inwhichtheshepherdenjoRsanidealcountrRlife,cherishingapureHeroandLeanderIII.WilliamShakespeare(1564—1616)Background:frommerchant’sfamilR.父亲是个当地镇里的多面手，有点名气。他的戏剧分早期、中期，中晚期和晚期。（I，II，III，IV）.他的作品很多，影响很大。T:I．FivehistorRplaRsandfourcomedies.历史剧‘HenrRVI,PartsI,II’(Itrevealsatroubledreigninthe15thcenturR,ShakespearesmountedoverthelossofEnglishterritoriesinFrance.HecondemnstheWaroftheRoses,inwhichinnocentpeoplewerekilled)II．FivehistorRplaRs,siRcomediesandtwotragedies喜剧：TheMerchantofVenice（anoptimisticattitudetowardloveandRouth,praisethefriendshipbetweenAntonioandBassanio,toidealizePortiaasaheroine.,andShRlockasanevilfigure）AMidsummerNight’sDreamTwelfthNightTheMerrRWivesofWindsorMuchAdoAboutNothingasRoulikeit)【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】悲剧：RomeoandJuliet(eulogizesthefaithfulnessofloveandspiritofpursuinghappiness,thoughatragedR,ispermeatedwithoptimisticspirit),JuliusCaesarIII．Hisgreatestfourtragedies(eachofthecharacters’sfatesiscloselRconnectedwiththefateofthewholenation.Eachofthemhashisweaknessofnature.)HamletKingLearOthelloMacbeth选读Hamlet（thefirstofthegreatesttragedies,mostpopularplaRonthestage.Ithasthequalitiesofa‘blood–and–thunder’thrillerandaphilosophicaleRplorationoflifeanddeath.Hamletisamelancholic优柔寡断prince,whoistoosophisticatedtodegrade