仓库术语

WarehousingGlossaryASN(AdvanceShippingNotice).ElectronicinformationconcerningasingleshipmentofmovableunitssenttoaWMSfromsuppliersandsentfromaWMStocustomers.Batchpicking.Anorderpickingmethodwhereasinglepickerpicksalloftheitemsformultipleorders.Broken-casepicking.Alternatetermforpiecepicking.Casepicking.Retrievaloffullcartonloadsofeachitemorinnerpacksofitemsfromcartons(thelattera.k.a.split-casepicking).Consolidation.Theprocessof(a)combiningmaterialfromseveralpartiallyfilledstoragelocationscontainingthesameitemintoasinglelocation,(b)combiningseveralordersintoasingleshipment,or(c)combiningseveralportionsofanorderatasinglelocation.Cross-docking.Theprocessofmovingmaterialfromareceivingareadirectlytoashippingareawithoutlong-termstorageofthematerial.Customerorder.RequestthatindicatesthetypeandquantityofSKUstobeshippedtoacustomer;eachSKU–quantitypairintheorderistermedaline(cf.purchaseorderandshoporder).Cyclecounting.Theprocessofcountingthecontentsofstoragelocationsinordertoverifytheaccuracyofinventoryrecords.Discretepicking.Anorderpickingmethodwhereasinglepickerpicksalloftheitemsforasingleorder.Each.Anindividualunitpickedduringpiecepicking.EPC(ElectronicProductCode).AgloballyuniqueserialnumberforphysicalobjectsidentifiedusingRFIDtags.ERP(EnterpriseResourcePlanning)system.Softwaresystemthatcontroltheentireoperationsofafirm.Forwardpicking.Astorageareadesignedforefficientpieceandcaseorderpickingthatisusuallyreplenishedfromreservestoragebutsometimesdirectlyfromreceiving.GPC(GlobalProductCatalogue).Adirectoryofproductattributesthatallowsindependentdatarepositoriestobesynchronizedforglobal,multi-industrysupplychainmessagingandreporting.GTIN(GlobalTradeItemNumber).All-numericsystemforassigninggloballyuniquecodestotradeitems(productsandservices).GTINincludesUPC,ISBN,andNDC.Innerpack.Packageusedinsideofacartontoallowmoreefficientsplit-casepickinginsteadofindividualpiecepickingwhenaless-than-carton-sizenumberofunitsaretobepicked.Inventory.Thenumberofunitsofeachitemstoredinawarehouse.1WarehousingGlossaryISBN(InternationalStandardBookNumbering).Aninternationalstandardcodeforbooks.Item.Groupingofidenticalobjects,i.e.,aclassorcollectionofunits;inventorieditemsareusuallyreferredtoasstock-keepingunits(orSKUs).Line.Anitem–quantitypairinanorder.Movableunit.Asingleidentifiableunitload(e.g.,carton,pallet,trailer,etc.)thatismovedbetweenandstoredatalocation.NDC(NationalDrugCode).AcodemaintainedbytheFDAforidentifyingprescriptiondrugsandsomeoverthecounterdrugs.Orderpicking.Theprocessofremovingmaterialfromstorageinresponsetospecificcustomerordersorshoporders.Order.Requesttoship,receive,ortransportmaterialasindicatedinacustomerorder,purchaseorder,orshoporder,respectively.Packing.Theprocessofpreparingacontainerforshipment.Palletpicking.Retrievaloffullpalletsofcartons,orlayersofcartonsfromapallet(a.k.a.unit-loadpicking).Pickconveyor.Anon-poweredconveyor(e.g.,wheelorroller)usedinpiecepickingtosupportatoteorothercontainerwhileitisbeingfilled.Picklist.RequesttoapickerthatindicatesthesequenceinwhichthestoragelocationsofSKUsaretobevisitedalongwiththequantityofunitstobepickedfromeachlocationforoneormoreorders.Pick-and-pass.Alternatetermforprogressiveassemblypicking.Piecepicking.Retrievalofindividualunits(or“eaches”)ofanitem,whereeachpiecepickedistheunitofissuetothefinalcustomer(a.k.a.broken-casepicking).Progressiveassemblypicking.Variationofzonepickingwhereanorderispassedfromonezonetothenext,eliminatingtheneedtoconsolidatetheorderbutincreasingitstotalpickingtime(a.k.a.pick-and-pass).Purchaseorder.Requestthatindicatesthetypeandquantityofitemstobereceivedfromavendor;eachitem–quantitypairintheorderistermedaline(cf.customerorderandshoporder).Putaway.Theprocessofmovingmaterialfromareceivingareatoastoragelocation.Receiving.Theprocessofunloading,verifying,inspecting,andstagingofmaterialtransportedtoawarehouseinpreparationforputawayorcross-docking,sometimesincludingsortingandrepackagingofthematerial.Replenishment.Theprocessofmovingmaterialfromreservestoragetoaforwardpickingarea.2WarehousingGlossaryReservestorage.Anareaintendedforthestorageofmaterialinfullpalletloadsizesfromwhichbothforwardpickingareasarereplenishedandpalletordersandsomecaseordersarepicked.Rewarehousing.Theprocessofmovingitemstodifferentstoragelocationstoimprovehandlingefficiency.Shipping.Theprocessofstaging,verifying,andloadingorderstobetransportedfromawarehouse.Shoporder.RequestthatindicatesthetypeandquantityofSKUstobetransportedfromawarehousetoaproductionarea;eachSKU–quantitypairintheorderistermedaline(cf.customerorderandshoporder).Simultaneouspicking.Variationofzonepickingwheretheitemsforanorderarepickedsimultaneouslyineachzoneandthenconsolidated,makingitpossibletominimizethetotalpickingtimerequiredforanorder(whichisusefuliftherearemultiplewavespershift).Sortation.Theprocessofmerging,identifying,inducting,andseparatingmaterialtobeconveyedtospecificdestinations.Split-casepicking.Variationofcasepickingwhereinnerpacksofitemsfromcartonsareretrieved.SSCC(SerialShippingContainerCode).Aglobally