中美高等教育对比The-Differences-of-Higher-Education-betwee

AbstractEducationhasbecomeasymbolofthenationalpower.EveryyearagreatnumberofstudentsfromallovertheworldcometoAmericanforstudying.Onthecontrary,Chinaasanancientcountrycivilizationwithoverfivethousandyears,onlyhaveseveralfamousuniversities.ThispaperaimstostudythedifferenceofhighereducationbetweenChinaandAmericaandfindoutthemeritofAmericaneducation.Thentaketheessenceanddiscardthedregstoimprovethequalityofourowneducation.Keywords:HigherEducation;Difference;China;AmericanIntroductionHighereducationisaneducationallevelthatfollowsacompletionofaschoolprovidingasecondaryeducation,suchasahighschool,secondaryschool,oragymnasium.Highereducationisnormallytakentoincludeundergraduateandpostgraduateeducationvocationaleducationandtraining.Colleges,universitiesandinstitutesoftechnologyarethemaininstitutionsthatprovidehighereducation.Inmanydevelopedcountries,ahighproportionofthepopulation,nowenterhighereducationatsometimeintheirlives.Highereducationisthereforeveryimportanttonationaleconomic,bothasasignificantindustryinitsownrightandasasourceoftrainedandeducatedpersonnelfortherestoftheeconomy.Collegeeducatedworkerscommandasignificantwagepremiumandaremuchlesslikelytobecomeunemployedthanlesseducatedworkers.TheAmericanuniversityhasbeenconsideredasmodelsbytheworld,althoughitonlyhasahistoryof300years.EveryyearthousandsofstudentsfromallovertheworldcometoAmericanforstudying,includingalargenumberofChineseexcellentstudents.Withthedevelopmentofeconomic,Chinaalsoattractsalotofoverseastudentsinrecentyears,buttherestillaremanydifferencesonhighereducationbetweenChinaandAmerica.Asaresult,weshouldlearnfromAmericaandmakeimprovementinoureducation.ITheDifferencesofHigherEducationbetweenChinaandAmericaFirstly,theyaredifferentinteachingmethods.InAmerican,inspiringstudentsisgreatimportantforteaching.Inclassroom,teacherswillspeciallyputforwardsomeinspiringquestionsforstudents.Insuchateachingmode,studentsintheclassroomhaveahigherdegreeoffreedom,andtheycanbereadytomaketheirowndoubtforteacherswhichmadetheteachingatmospherelivelyandvivid.Thismethodofteachinghelpsstudentsdeveloptheabilityofindependentthinkingandsolvingproblem.However,China’shighereducationpaysmoreattentiontothesystematicstudy.Whenteachingthecurriculum,teachersshouldfollowinaccordancewithcertainteachingprograms.Althoughstudentshavecertaininteractivequestions,thiskindofquestionstendtobeconcentratedaftertheclass,ratherthanintheclassroom.Itisthemainmodethatclassistaughtbyteachersandstudentsjustlistentotherecords.Thisapproachisconductivetohelpthestudentslearnsystemicknowledge,andtheyhavelesssenseofinnovation.Secondly,theyhavedifferencesinthedependenceofstudents.InAmerica,collegestudentsarelikelytobemoreindependentoftheirparents.Studentsoftenmakedecisionsbythemselves,nomatteronstudyingandlive.Andstudentsareoftenexpected,aspartoflearningtobeanadult,topayforpartorallthecostsofcollegebythemselves.Ontheotherhand,parentsalsogivemorefreedomforchildrentothebestoftheirabilities.SomeAmericancollegestudentsthriveinthisnewfoundfreedom,andsomeflounder.Manygrowupquicklyduringcollege,whileothersfailandleavecollegetofindfull-timejobs.InChina,collegestudentsarelikelytobetheirparents’onlychild—thefocusoffamilypride,concern,andhope.Theirparents’workhardtohelpthemsucceed,includinghelpingthemstudyforthedreadedcollegeentranceexams.AndparentstrytheirbesttoteachtraditionalConfucianvaluesofhonoringfamily,teacher,andeducationandthemodernrealitiesofrapidlyexpandingcommerceandtechnology.Thirdly,theyhavedifferenttargets.InAmerican,everyuniversityhasitsreasonstoexist,nomatterhowsmallitis.Andeachuniversityknowswhattheirtargetis.Forexample,theeconomicinstituteofStanforduniversityhasthreegoalsforundergraduate.ThereisnodoubtthenumberofuniversitiesinChinaisincreasingbutmostuniversitydon’tknowwhyitshouldbeestablishedandexists.JustbecauseChinahasalargepopulation,moreuniversitiescanletmorestudentsgototheuniversity.Inaddition,thedevelopmentofChineseuniversitiesbehavesabitimpulsive,forexample,manyuniversitiesareseekingforcertain“worldrankings”butoverlooktheformaldevelopmentofthemselves.Andmostofstudentschoosetogotouniversityistogetadiplomawhichcanhelpthemfindajobeasily.IITheReasonsfortheDifferencesChinaandAmericahasdifferentsocialenvironment.Americaisopensocial.Thesociety’sopennessurgestheAmericancollegetoabandontheoldeducationonthoughtwhichEuropeantraditionaluniversitysticksto,adoptsopenpolicytoabsorballadvantagesfromothercountriesandestablishesdiverseandopeneducationcontrolsystemwhichemphasizestheactualeffects.Americaisthebiggestimmigrantcountrywhichhasverystrongcontainingnatureintheculture.Americaneconomyemphasizesonthepracticalvalue,matterrewardaswellasindividualvaluerealizationwithfastdevelopment,richmateriallife,strongmaterialideaandetc.TheAmericanadvocatestheindependentwayoflifeandwork.TheAmericanownsfullcreativehumanitiesspirit,theinnovationistheforeversubjectintheirbrains.Theypursuethehigh-techandprefertocompete.ContrastwithyoungAmerican,Chinaisthegreatnationwithglorioushistoryandculturaltraditions.TheChinesepeoplehavetheex