搜索
、metaphormetapherein“meta”“across”“pherein”“carry”metaphor。Aristotle。。。:HallidayLakoff。LakoffJohnson《》。。Lakoff:。。Halliday:、。《》。。。Halliday、、。、/、。:(1)Wedidn’tgooutbecauseitwasraining.(2)Wedidn’tgooutbecauseoftherain.。、、。Explicit()implicit()Subjective()IthinkMaryknowsMarywillknowObjective()It’slikelyMaryknowsMaryprobablyknows.。()。:、、、、、、。、。。H030A1673-2596200910-0145-03Vol.30No.10Oct.20093010200910JournalofChifengUniversitySoc.Sci145--。。:。:1Passmethesaltplease.2Canyoupassmethesalt.3Iwonderwhetheryoucanpassmethesalt.(2)(3)(1)。。、。。:①、、、、②③。。S1:ItaketheofficialoathtodaywithnomentalreservationsandwithnopurposetoconstruetheConstitutionorlawsbyanyhypercriticalrules.———AbrahamLincoln's1861address:ItaketheofficialoathtodayandIdonotreserveanddonothaveanypurposeinmymindtoconstruetheConstitutionorlawsbyanyhypercriticalrule.Itaketheofficaloath,IdonotreserveIdonothaveanypurposeItaketheofficialoathreservationpurpose,。S2.Inyourhands,myfellowcitizens,morethanmine,willrestthefinalsuccessorfailureofourcourse.———John.F.Kennedy1961。S3:Happinessliesnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievementinthethrillofcreativeeffort.———FranklinRoosvelt1933。Eventhoughyoupossessalotofmoney,youarenothappy.Onlyifyouendeavorandachievesomething,willyouhavejoyandbecomehappy.happinesspossessionachievement。S4:Governmenthasgreatresponsibilitiesforpublicsafetyandpublichealth,forcivilrightsandcommonschools.———GeorgeW.Bush'2001addressOurgovernmentisresponsibleforpublicsafetyandpublichealth,forcivilrightsandcommonschools.responsible,responsibility,。responsibility。。HallidayIthink,It’slikely……。S1:IntenderingthishomagetotheGreatauthorofeverypublicandprivategood,Iassuremyselfthatitexpressesyoursentimentsnotlessthanmyown,northoseofmyfellow-citizensatlargelessthaneither.———GeorgeWashingtonS2.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalftheglobestrugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery,wepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelpthemselves.———JohnF.Kennedy1961S3.Inreaffirmingthegreatnessofournation,weunderstandthatgreatnessisneveragiven.Itmustbeearned.———BarackHusseinObama2009S4:Again:IftheUnitedStatedbenota146--governmentproper,butanassociationofStatesinthenatureofcontractmerely,canit,asacontract,bepeaceablyunmadebylessthanallthepartieswhomadeit?Onepartytoacontractmayviolateitbreakit,sotospeak-butdoesitnotrequirealltolawfullyrescindit?———AbrahamLincolnS5.Allthiswecando.Andallthiswewilldo.———BarackHusseinObama2009Iassure,wepledgeweunderstand、、。。。。S1.thosewhofoolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside.S2.butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecomethepreyofhostilepowers.S3.....tobereplacedbyafarmoreirontyranny.———JohnF.Kennedy1961S4.Asweconsidertheroadthatunfoldsbeforeus,….Inthefaceofourcommondangers,inthiswinterofourhardship,letusrememberthesetimelesswords.Withhopeandvirtue,letusbraveoncemoretheicycurrents,andendurewhatstormsmaycome.———BarackObama2009·1961。iron;。thosewhofolishlysoughtpowerbyridingthebackofthetigerendedupinside,;preyhostilepower。。2009winter,icy、roadjourney。。、。。———————————————————：〔〕〔〕〔〕〔〕（）147--