车用天然气发动机技术及其应用

*,1970,;,:(200030)1954:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]宋钧*黄震张武高周校平().车用天然气发动机技术及其应用.天然气工业,2002;22(1):88~92在我国,天然气汽车已被很多大城市作为治理城市大气污染的重要措施我国正在实施的西气东输工程将大大促进天然气管道沿线各大中城市广泛使用天然气汽车天然气发动机技术是决定天然气汽车性能的核心因素,对于不同要求的排放法规可以采用相应的发动机技术文章着重分析国内外天然气发动机的不同燃料供给系统的技术特点发动机性能特点及其技术发展状况并分别对火花点火天然气发动机,包括汽油天然气两用燃料发动机和单燃料天然气发动机,以及压燃天然气发动机,包括常规双燃料天然气发动机和微引燃天然气发动机的控制系统和发动机工作性能进行了详细说明最后,文章还简要介绍了高压缸内直喷技术和发动机排气催化净化技术等天然气汽车新技术汽车天然气发动机发动机燃料技术性能,,,1.,,,(1),,,,,,,,,,,:,,,15%~25%,,,11:1.;2.;3.;4.;5.;6.;7.;8.;9.;10.;11.;12.8820021,,,,IMPCOANGIBKMDELTEC,,,,,(2),,,,,,,12,,,,,,CIVICGXCNGV1:1)255kPa,22kPa,,ECU,;2),770;3),;4)9.412.5,;5),;6)600,,,6.6kW,(ULEV)1,88208460TCB5.9-195G4BE13306380,,,,,,,,,,,,2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,89221(1),,,,,,,,1%2,,5%~10%,,,THC,,,,:100%;,,,;,,;;;,23,,,10%~15%,ECUMAP,,2:1.;2.;3.;4.;5.;6.;7.;8.;9.;10.;11.;12.;13.;14.;15.;16.NOX,COHC(),3(2),,,,1%,,BKMNavistarDT4667.64,Servojet41,1ml,,EGR95%,ULEV,4,,,,,,9020021,,,(1),,,,,0.2MPa1MPa,,9%5,,,,,,,,,,,;,COHCBritishColumbiaWestportRe-search,(36),5%DDC6V-92,5%,NOX60%,HC,7,,,,1%10%,19MPa3(2),,:,,,;,,B5.98,,THC90%HC,,,THCCO,9,,1Pt,;,291221Pd,1[],..,1999;(3)2WeaverCS,TurnerSH.Dualfuelnaturalgas/dieselen-gines:technology,performanceandemissions.SAEPaperNo.9405483,./.,2001;(2)4GebertK,BeckNJ.Strategiestoimprovecombustionande-missioncharacteristicsofdua-lfuelpilotignitednaturalgasengines.SAEPaperNo.9717125,..,1998;(2)6DouvilleB,OuelletteP,TouchetteA.Performanceandemis-sionsofatwostrokeenginesfueledusinghigh-pressuredirectinjectionofnaturalgas.SAEPaperNo.9811607MeyersDP,BournGD,HedrickJC,KubeshJT.Evalua-tionofsixnaturalgascombustionsystemsforLNGlocomo-tiveapplications.SAEPaperNo.9729678.B.,1997;(1)9CorboP,GambinoM.Methanededicatedcatalystsforheavydutynaturalgasengines.SAEPaper961087(2001-09-01)*,,,,1962;:(150090)204645:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]焦文玲*廉乐明()崔建华()严铭卿().城市燃气短期周期负荷预测的时序模型.天然气工业,2002;22(1):92~94中国天然气工业将把局限在一个城市内的独立的燃气管网带入跨区域的全国联网的甚至与国际天然气管网相连接的天然气网络大系统,这就要求我国目前的燃气系统在功能上要有实质的进步,包括系统的信息采集与处理,建立运行在城市间的天然气网络优化调度系统,季节调峰和事故应急功能的地下储气库等所有这些功能都离不开对燃气负荷的研究,时序模型的研究对于城市燃气负荷预测有重要的意义文章对短周期负荷的数学模型进行了深入的研究,提出了用Fourier级数描述的数学模型,并给出了判断隐含周期项数和计算模型参数的方法城市燃气负荷短期数学模型傅立叶分析,,,,,,,{xt},{x(t),t=0,1,2},,:9220021arepresentedinthepaper,includingtheutilizationofsomere-turntubes,theautomaticcontrolofexcessairandtheenlarge-mentofsurfaceareaofthefire-tubeconvectionsection,etc.Spe-cially,throughsettingupthefinnedtubeatthefiretubeconvec-tionsection,itispossibletomakethewaterjacketheaterget85%thermalefficiencyaslomgastheheattransferareaise-noughandthedesigniscorrect.SUBJECTHEADINGS:Oilandgasfield,Heatingequip-ment,Design,Empiricalanalysis,ReformationGaryH.Palmer(vicepresident,registeredprofessionalengineer),graduatedwiththeB.Sc.engineeringdegreefromtheUniversityofAlbertain1959.Nowheisinchargeofsuper-visingengineeringforMaloneyIndustriesInc.,beingamemberoftheCanadianNaturalGasProcessingAssociation.Tel:[phone]Fax:[phone]EFFECTOFSURFACTANTONHYDRATEFOR-MATIONANDITSAPPLIEDPROSPECTSXuYongjun,YeGuoxing,YangXiaoxiandDingJing(SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology).NATUR.GASIND.v.22,no.1,pp.85~87,1/25/2002.(ISSN1000-0976;InChinese)ABSTRACT:Thenaturalgashydrate,occurringtoseaflowandpolartundra,isofthepropertiesashighenergydensity,widedistribution,grandsize,shallowburialandgoodphysio-chemicalreservoirformationconditions,etc.,andisregardedasthesubstituteresourcesoffossilfuelshavinggreatpotentialitiesinthe21stcentury,whichhasbroughtaboutallthenationsat-tentionintheworld.Onthebasisofsummarizingtheresearchachievementsofeverycountryinrecentyears,theeffectofsur-factantongashydrateformationisexpoundedinthepaper.Ontheonehandthehydrateformationinoil&gaspipelinemaybeinhibitedwiththesurfactant,andontheotherhandthehydrategrowthratemayberaisedbyuseofit.Thereforeitpossessesavastrangeofappliedprospectsinmanydomains,asenvironmen-talprotection,oilandgasindustry,chemicalindustryandbiolo-gy,etc.Finally,inlightoftheexistingcircumstancesinChina,theresearchtrendofhydrateinthefutureisalsoproposedinthepaper.SUBJECTHEADINGS:Surfactant,Naturalgas,Hydrate,ApplicationXuYongjun,,bornin1973,isapostgraduatestudyingforhisdoctorateintheChemicalEngineeringCollegeoftheSouthChinaUniversityofTechnology.Add:Guangzhou,Guang-dong(510640),ChinaTel:[phone]or87113500NATURALGASVEHICLEENGINETECHNIQUEANDITSAPPLICATIONSongJun,HuangZhen,ZhangWugaoandZhouXiaoping(ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity).NATUR.GASIND.v.22,no.1,pp.88~92,1/25/2002.(ISSN1000-0976;InChinese)ABSTRACT:TheutilizationofnaturalgasvehicleshasbeentakenasanimportantmeasureofcontrollingatmosphericpollutioninmanybigcitiesinChina.TheWest-to-EastNatu-ralGasTranssionproject,whichisbeingcarriedoutatpresentinChina,willgreatlypromotetheutilizationofnaturalgasveh-iclesineachbig/mediumcitysittingalongthegaspipeline.Thecorefactorofcontrollingnaturalgasvehiclepropertiesisthegasenginetechnologywhichmayberelevantlyadoptedfordifferentexhauststandards.Inthepaper,themechanicalproperties,tech-niquesandtheirdevelopingcircumstancesofdifferentfuelsup-plysystemsofthedomesticandforeigngasenginesareemphat-icallyana