高中英语Agreement主谓一致的课件必修4

主谓一致㈠就近一致原则（2点）㈡语法一致原则（6点）㈢个体一致原则（8点）㈣意义一致原则（8点）㈠就近一致就近一致㈡语法一致1.主语+with(togetherwith,alongwith,),aswellas,including,ratherthan,besides,except,but,inadditionto,otherthan,like,notect.结构中，谓语与主语一致2.不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数Eg:1.)Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.2.)Whenwedeliverthegoodshasn‘tbeendecided.3.)Whenandwherewewillgohasn’tbeendecided.*但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是“be+名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。Eg:1.)Whatyoudidwasright.2.)Whatyouneedarethesedictionaries.3.定语从句中,“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”从句的谓语动词复数。若在oneof前有the,theonly,thevery修饰时，从句的谓语动词则用单数。Eg:1.)Sheisoneofthesewomenwho_____theviolinwell.2.)Sheistheoneofthesewomenwho______theviolinwell.playplays4.定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which时，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。Eg:I,who____yourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.5.在强调句中，如被强调的是句子的主语时，则that/who后面的谓语动词应与被强调的主语一致eg:1.)ItisMikewhoalways_____metostudymathsafterclass.2.)ItwasIratherthantheythat_____punishedbytheboss.amhelpswas6.halfof…./therestof…../partof…/plentyof…/分数（%）+of…..等作主语，谓语动词随of后的名词而变化。㈢个体一致1.由and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前没有冠词。Eg.1.)Thewriterandteacherisheruncle.2.)Apoetandartistiscomingtodeliveraspeech.3.)Myclassmateandfriend____goingtopayavisittome.4.)Aforkandknifeisonthetable.5.)Warandpeaceisoftenpeople’stopic.isaknifeandfork一副刀叉;breadandbutter加黄油的面包;coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡;whiskyandsoda汽水saltandwater盐水aneedleandthread针线;ahorseandcart四轮马车;awatchandchain表链;acoatandtie;warandpeace战争与和平;truthandhonesty;medicalhelpandcureaimandend目的2.and连接的两个或多个主语前如有each,every,no,manya(许多）等修饰时，谓语用单数。Eg.1.)Everytreeand(every)floweristobecutdown.2.)Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.3.)Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.4.)Inourcountryeachboyand(each)girlhasrighttoreceiveeducation.3.表示时间，金钱，距离，重量等复数名词表示单位数量作主语时，被看作整体时谓语用单数。eg:Sixtyyearsisalongtime.Tendollarsisenoughforhim.Threethousandmilesisalongdistance.Fiftykilogramsisnottoolongtobecarried.*如强调具体数目，则用复数。Onehundredcentsmakeadollar.Morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.4.“manya+单数名词/morethanone+单数名词/oneandahalf+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数eg:1.)manyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreatWall.2.)Morethanonestudenthasturnedupatthemeeting.3.)Oneandahalfbananawaseatenbytheboy.5.由some,any,every,no构成的不定代词,谓语动词用单数6.eachof…/eitherof…./oneof…谓语动词用单数.noneof…/neitherof…可单可复，根据说话人的意思决定；*但代表不可数名词时，用单数eg:1.)Noneofusare/isperfect.2.)Neitherofthemknow/knowstheanswer.3.)Noneofthisworriesme./Noneofthismoneyismine.*neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。Neitherstatementwastrue.7.主语是书名，剧名，报纸名，国名等复数形式的名词，仍为个体，谓语用单数TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.8.带引号的词语作主语，谓语单数“I”istheninthletteroftheEnglishalphabet.㈣意义一致1.集合名词family,class,team,group,crowd,audience,company,army,enemy,government,population…作主语，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数eg:书p52.集合名词cattle,clothes,people,thepolice表示复数意义谓语动词永远复数.people民族（可数名词，peoples)3.主语是单复数同形的名词deer,sheep,fish鱼,series系列,species物种,means手段,works工厂,aircraft飞行器,ect.时，视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。Eg:1.)Anewmeanshasbeenused.2.)Manymeanshavenotcomeintoeffect.4.以-s结尾的一些词theOlympicGames,manners,remains,earnings,belongings,goods,surroundings,winnings,leavings,ect.表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数5.physics,politics,mathematics等一些以“-ics”结尾的词，指学科时属单数，谓语动词用单数。eg.1.)Physicsisnotdifficulttolearn.2.)Mathematicsisasubjectstudiedinnearlyeveryschool.注：若指某学科能力，成绩，应用等或非学科含义时被看作复数，谓语常用复数。Mymathematicsareweek.Whatareyourpolitics政治信仰/见解?6.成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses,shoes,trousers,pants,gloves,socks,slippers,scissors等作主语时，谓语通常用复数，*但如果前有a/thepairof,a/thesuitof等词语修饰时，谓语动词与pair,suit等一致，用单数。Eg.1)Mytrousersareverynice.2)Apairofshoesisunderthebed.7.主语是疑问代词who,what,which,不定代词all,more,most,any,none等以及名词half,part,therest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指的名词而定。Eg:1.)Whichismorevaluable,healthorwealth?2.)Whichareprettier,theseorthose?3.)wehadsomepaper,buttherestwasputback.*the+adj.表示一类抽象概念时，谓语也单数Thenewissuretoreplacetheold.Thecomplicateisdifficulttounderstand.8.“the+形容词”做主语时，表示一类人或物时，谓语动词为复数；表示具体一个个体时，谓语动词为单数。Eg.1)Theyoungarebetteratlearningnewthings.2)Theyoungismyuncle.Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging(C85)2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept(C85)3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has(C86)4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was(C85)5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown(C86)Multiplechoice:6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were(C87NO.45)7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered(C90NO.20)8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be(C89NO.27)9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited____fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were(C96NO.14)10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedHavearest