标准电极电势表

标准电极电势表标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。本表中所给出的电极电势以标准氢电极为参比电极，溶液中离子有效浓度为1mol/L，气体分压为100kPa，温度为298K，所有离子的数据都在水溶液中测得。[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]单击每栏上方的符号可将数据按元素符号或标准电极电势值排序。注：(s)–固体；(l)–液体；(g)–气体；(aq)–水溶液；(Hg)–汞齐。半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Ba++e−Ba(s)−4.38[10][1][3]Sr++e−Sr(s)−4.10[11][1][3]Ca++e−Ca(s)−3.8[11][1][3]Pr3++ e−Pr2+−3.1[11] N2(g)+H++e−HN3(aq)−3.09[6]Li++e−Li(s)−3.0401[5]N2(g)+4 H2O+2 e−2 NH2OH(aq)+2 OH−−3.04[6]Cs++e−Cs(s)−3.026[5]Ca(OH)2(s)+2 e−Ca(s)+2OH−−3.02[11]Rb++e−Rb(s)−2.98[4]K++e−K(s)−2.931[5]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Mg++e−Mg(s)−2.93[10]Ba2++2 e−Ba(s)−2.912[5]La(OH)3(s)+3 e−La(s)+3OH−−2.90[5]Fr++ e−Fr(s)−2.9[11]Sr2++2 e−Sr(s)−2.899[5]Sr(OH)2(s)+2 e−Sr(s)+2 OH−−2.88[11]Ca2++2 e−Ca(s)−2.868[5]Eu2++2 e−Eu(s)−2.812[5]Ra2++2 e−Ra(s)−2.8[5]Yb2++2 e−Yb(s)−2.76[11][1]Na++e−Na(s)−2.71[5][9]Sm2++2 e−Sm(s)−2.68[11][1]No2++2 e−No(s)−2.50[11]HfO(OH)2(s)+ H2O+4 e−Hf(s)+4 OH−−2.50[11]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Th(OH)4(s)+4 e−Th(s)+4 OH−−2.48[11]Md2++2 e−Md(s)−2.40[11]La3++3 e−La(s)−2.379[5]Y3++3 e−Y(s)−2.372[5]Mg2++2 e−Mg(s)−2.372[5]ZrO(OH)2(s)+H2O+4 e−Zr(s)+4OH−−2.36[5]Pr3++3 e−Pr(s)−2.353[11]Ce3++3 e−Ce(s)−2.336[11]Er3++3 e−Er(s)−2.331[11]Ho3++3 e−Ho(s)−2.33[11]Al(OH)4−+3 e−Al(s)+4 OH−−2.33Al(OH)3(s)+3 e−Al(s)+3OH−−2.31Tb3++3 e−Tb(s)−2.28半反应E°(V)[注1]来源H2(g)+2 e−2 H−−2.25Ac3++3 e−Ac(s)−2.20Be++e−Be(s)−2.12[10]Cf2++2 e−Cf(s)−2.12[11]Am3++3 e−Am(s)−2.048[11]Cf3++3 e−Cf(s)−1.94[11]Am2++2 e−Am(s)−1.9[11]Be2++2 e−Be(s)−1.85Rf4++4 e−Rf(s)−1.67[12]U3++3 e−U(s)−1.66[7]Al3++3 e−Al(s)−1.66[9]Ti2++2 e−Ti(s)−1.63[9]Bk2++2 e−Bk(s)−1.6[11]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源ZrO2(s)+4 H++4 e−Zr(s)+2 H2O−1.553[5]Hf4++4 e−Hf(s)−1.55[11]Zr4++4 e−Zr(s)−1.45[5]Ti3++3 e−Ti(s)−1.37[13]TiO(s)+2 H++2 e−Ti(s)+ H2O−1.31Ti2O3(s)+2 H++2 e−2 TiO(s)+ H2O−1.23Zn(OH)42−+2 e−Zn(s)+4 OH−−1.199[14]Mn2++2 e−Mn(s)−1.185[14]Fe(CN)64−+6 H++2 e−Fe(s)+4HCN(aq)−1.16[15]V2++2 e−V(s)−1.175[2]Te(s)+2 e−Te2−−1.143[2]Nb3++3 e−Nb(s)−1.099Sn(s)+4 H++4 e−SnH4(g)−1.07半反应E°(V)[注1]来源In(OH)3(s)+3 e−In(s)+3 OH−−0.99[11]SiO2(s)+4 H++4 e−Si(s)+2 H2O−0.91B(OH)3(aq)+3 H++3 e−B(s)+3 H2O−0.89Fe(OH)2(s)+2 e−Fe(s)+2 OH−−0.89[15]Fe2O3(s)+3 H2O+2 e−2Fe(OH)2(s)+2 OH−−0.86[15]TiO2++2 H++4 e−Ti(s)+ H2O−0.862 H2O+2 e−H2(g)+2 OH−−0.8277[5]Bi(s)+3 H++3 e−BiH3−0.8[14]Zn2++2 e−Zn(Hg)−0.7628[5]Zn2++2 e−Zn(s)−0.7618[5]Ta2O5(s)+10 H++10 e−2 Ta(s)+5 H2O−0.75Cr3++3 e−Cr(s)−0.74[Au(CN)2]−+e−Au(s)+2 CN−−0.60半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Ta3++3 e−Ta(s)−0.6PbO(s)+H2O+2 e−Pb(s)+2 OH−−0.582 TiO2(s)+2 H++2 e−Ti2O3(s)+H2O−0.56Ga3++3 e−Ga(s)−0.53U4++e−U3+−0.52[7]H3PO2(aq)+H++e−P(白磷[16])+2 H2O−0.508[5]H3PO3(aq)+2 H++2 e−H3PO2(aq)+H2O−0.499[5]H3PO3(aq)+3 H++3 e−P(红磷)[16]+3H2O−0.454[5]Fe2++2 e−Fe(s)−0.44[9]2 CO2(g)+2 H++2 e−HOOCCOOH(aq)−0.43Cr3++e−Cr2+−0.42Cd2++2 e−Cd(s)−0.40[9]SeO32−+4e−+3H2O⇌Se+6OH−−0.37[17]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源GeO2(s)+2 H++2 e−GeO(s)+H2O−0.37Cu2O(s)+H2O+2 e−2 Cu(s)+2 OH−−0.360[5]PbSO4(s)+2 e−Pb(s)+SO42−−0.3588[5]PbSO4(s)+2 e−Pb(Hg)+SO42−−0.3505[5]Eu3++e−Eu2+−0.35[7]In3++3 e−In(s)−0.34[2]Tl++e−Tl(s)−0.34[2]Ge(s)+4 H++4 e−GeH4(g)−0.29Co2++2 e−Co(s)−0.28[5]H3PO4(aq)+2 H++2 e−H3PO3(aq)+H2O−0.276[5]V3++e−V2+−0.26[9]Ni2++2 e−Ni(s)−0.25As(s)+3 H++3 e−AsH3(g)−0.23[2]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源AgI(s)+ e−Ag(s)+I−−0.15224[14]MoO2(s)+4 H++4 e−Mo(s)+2 H2O−0.15Si(s)+4 H++4 e−SiH4(g)−0.14Sn2++2 e−Sn(s)−0.13O2(g)+H++e−HO2•(aq)−0.13Pb2++2 e−Pb(s)−0.13[9]WO2(s)+4 H++4 e−W(s)+2 H2O−0.12P(红磷)+3 H++3 e−PH3(g)−0.111[5]CO2(g)+2 H++2 e−HCOOH(aq)−0.11Se(s)+2 H++2 e−H2Se(g)−0.11CO2(g)+2 H++2 e−CO(g)+H2O−0.11SnO(s)+2 H++2 e−Sn(s)+H2O−0.10半反应E°(V)[注1]来源SnO2(s)+2 H++2 e−SnO(s)+H2O−0.09WO3(aq)+6 H++6 e−W(s)+3 H2O−0.09[2]P(白磷)+3 H++3 e−PH3(g)−0.063[5]Fe3++3 e−Fe(s)−0.04[15]HCOOH(aq)+2 H++2 e−HCHO(aq)+H2O−0.032 H++2 e−H2(g)0.00≡0AgBr(s)+ e−Ag(s)+Br−+0.07133[14]S4O62−+2 e−2 S2O32−+0.08Fe3O4(s)+8 H++8 e−3 Fe(s)+4 H2O+0.085[8]N2(g)+2 H2O+6H++6 e−2 NH4OH(aq)+0.092HgO(s)+H2O+2 e−Hg(l)+2 OH−+0.0977Cu(NH3)42++e−Cu(NH3)2++2 NH3+0.10[2]Ru(NH3)63++e−Ru(NH3)62++0.10[7]半反应E°(V)[注1]来源N2H4(aq)+4 H2O+2 e−2 NH4++4 OH−+0.11[6]H2MoO4(aq)+6 H++6 e−Mo(s)+4 H2O+0.11Ge4++4 e−Ge(s)+0.12C(s)+4 H++4 e−CH4(g)+0.13[2]HCHO(aq)+2 H++2 e−CH3OH(aq)+0.13S(s)+2 H++2 e−H2S(g)+0.14Sn4++2 e−Sn2++0.15Cu2++e−Cu++0.159[2]HSO4−+3 H++2 e−SO2(aq)+2 H2O+0.16UO22++e−UO2++0.163[7]SO42−+4 H++2 e−SO2(aq)+2 H2O+0.17TiO2++2 H++e−Ti3++H2O+0.19半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Bi3++2e−Bi++0.2SbO++2 H++3 e−Sb(s)+H2O+0.20AgCl(s)+ e−Ag(s)+Cl−+0.22233[14]H3AsO3(aq)+3 H++3 e−As(s)+3 H2O+0.24GeO(s)+2 H++2 e−Ge(s)+H2O+0.26UO2++4 H++e−U4++2 H2O+0.273[7]At2+e−2 At-+0.3[11]Re3++3 e−Re(s)+0.300Bi3++3 e−Bi(s)+0.32VO2++2 H++e−V3++H2O+0.34Cu2++2 e−Cu(s)+0.340[2][Fe(CN)6]3−+e−[Fe(CN)6]4−+0.36半反应E°(V)[注1]来源Tc2++2 e−Tc(s)+0.40[11]O2(g)+2 H2O+4 e−4 OH−(aq)+0.40[9]H2MoO4+6 H++3 e−Mo3++2 H2O+0.43Ru2++2 e−Ru(s)+0.455[11]Bi++e−Bi(s)+0.50CH3OH(aq)+2 H++2 e−CH4(g)+H2O+0.50SO2(aq)+4 H++4 e−S(s)+2 H2O+0.50Cu++e−Cu(s)+0.520[2]CO(g)+2 H++2 e−C(s)+H2O+0.52I3−+2 e−3 I−+0.53[9]I2(s)+2 e−2 I−+0.54[9][AuI4]−+3 e−Au(s)+4 I−+0.56半反应E°(V)[注1]来源H3AsO4(aq)+2 H++2 e−H3AsO3(aq)+H2O+0.56[AuI2]−+e−Au(s)+2 I−+0.58MnO4−+2 H2O+3 e−MnO2(s)+4 OH−+0.59Rh++e−Rh(s)+0.600[11]S2O32 −+6 H++4 e−2 S(s)+3 H2O+0.60Fc++ e−Fc