电路化简如何理解电流经过电阻后降压ABR1R2R3U1=IR1U2=IR2U3=IR3U=IR1.理想导线可任意长短2.无电流支路可去掉3.等电势点可合并4.摘表:理想电压表可看成断路,理想电流表可看成短路,电流稳定后,电容器可看成断开。5判断电阻串、并联关系,两个电阻并联后可看成一个整体。6两法并用:假想高低电势点,电流从高电势点流入,从低电势点流出,看经过哪些支路。二、化简原则一、化简方法1.电流分支法2.等电势法理想理想理想二、例题选解1.如图,画等效电路。A、D接电源时A、B接电源时ABCDR2R1R4R3ADR1R4R2R3ABR1R4R3R2•如图,画等效电路。R5R4R2R3R1ABBAR5R4R3R2R12.画下图的等效电路。ABR1R2R3R1R2R3AB3.已知每个电阻的电流I1I2I3,求两表的读数。ABR1R2R3A1A2结点电流原理:流入某个结点的电流强度等于流出该点电流大小。A1电流表示数为I2+I3A2电流表示数为I1+I2ABR1R2R34.若已知UAB=U,R=R1=R2=R3,求ABR1R2R3AV电流表读数:电压表读数:ABR1R2R3ABR1R2R3AVU/RU5.画右图的等效电路。5672ABR1R3R5R6R7R4R2R9R8R1010AB134987.画下图的等效电路。R4AR7R1R3R6R2R5BABR1R4R3R5R2R6R7R4AR7R1R3R6R2R5B断开时:R4R7R1R3R6R2R5闭合时:R4AR7R1R3R6R2R5BR4AR7R1R3R6R2R5B求:φA,φB的大小关系。R2R2R4RAB结论:相等若在间连一根导线呢?或接一个电阻呢?结论:无电流.画下图的等效电路(各电阻相等)。