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In-Cell触摸屏设计及工艺Integratedtouchpanelcategory•Integratedtouchpanelincludesstructuresbelow:–1.resistivetype•1.1integratetraditionalresistivetouchpanelon-cell•1.2integrateresistivetouchpanelin-cell(Samsung)–2.capacitivetype•2.1capacitancechangedbydeformationoftopglassin-cell(AUO,Samsung,Epson)•2.2capacitancechangedbyinducedcurrentfromfinger–2.2.1integratedsurfacecapacitivetouchpanelon-cell–2.2.2integratedprojectivecapacitivetouchpanelon-cell(AUO,CMO,Wintek)–2.2.3integratedprojectivecapacitivetouchpanelin-cell–3.opticaltypein-cell(AUO,LG,Sharp,TMD)Opticaltypein-cellTP•光学in-cell触摸屏是在LCDTFTarray基板上集成进一些光敏器件。有两种工作方式，一种如下图：靠激光笔的光被光敏器件感应以确定位置。另一种是用手指遮挡环境光从而使光敏器件感应。•但这两种方式都有较大限制。Opticaltypein-cellTP•TMD,AUO,LGD,Sharp均有光学内嵌触摸屏样品面世。Integratetraditionalresistivetouchpanelon-cell•Touchpanelstructureanddrivingcircuitissametotraditional4-wireorotherresistivetouchpanels.•Comparedwithnon-integratedtouchpanel,thisstructureremovedoneglasslayer.Integrateresistivetouchpanelin-cell•Thisintegratetypehassomedifferentstructures,includes:–SamsungstructureFiledpatent(US20070070047)haveSIDpaper(SID0855.1)madeademoin2007–PhilipsstructureFiledpatent(US20060262099)haveSIDpaper(SID043.5)In-cellresistivetouchpanel—samsung(1)•Basicprinciple:Whenpressed,thesensorswitchison(conductivecolumnspacercontactsensorelectrode)Fromplanview,attouchpoint,commonelectrodecontacttwosensinglinesperpendicularwitheachotherrespectivelyIn-cellresistivetouchpanel—samsung(2)•Onepossiblestructureislikebelow.Useonecolumnspacercontact2sensingelectrodessimultaneously.•Soatthetouchedpoint,XsensorlineandYsensorlineconnectedtothecommonelectrode.•FromPhilips’research,thetopglassneedtobepolishedto0.2mmtogeta0.3umcellgapdisplacementbya0.15Nforce.In-cellresistivetouchpanel—samsung(3)•Layerstructurecanbelikebelow,senseline1usegatemetal,senseline2useS/Dmetal,senselinescontactsenseelectrodes(onthepixelITO)throughvia.In-cellresistivetouchpanel—samsung(4)•Detectmethod:•DetectXandYrespectivelyandgetthetouchposition.Detectmethodistocomparethelinesignaltoareferencevoltagetodetermineifthereisafingertouch.Capacitivetouchpanel(压力式)•Thisintegratetypehassomedifferentstructures,includes:–CellgapchangetypeSamsungfiledapatent(US20080048994).AUOhasmadeademo.–LCalignmentchangetypeSamsungfiledpatent(US20050094038)veryearly,butSamsung’sdemoappliedanotherdetectcircuit(SID0724.3),andEpsonmadeademo(SID0855.2)basedonSamsung’sstructurebyusingLTPS,IPSandactivematrixsensorsothatimprovedtheperformance.Cellgapchangetype•Samsung’spatent(US20080048994)onlyposedabasicprinciple,itslayerstructureanddetaileddetectmethodisnotshowninthepatent.•ThoughAUOhasmadeademo,thereareveryfewopenmaterialsofitsdetectprinciple.•Theyusethesameprinciple:detectthecapacitancechangebetweencommonelectrodeandsenseelectrodebycellgapdeformation.•Therearemanywaystodetectcapacitancechange,whichwaySamsungandAUOusedisunknown.AUOSamsungCellgapchangetype•AUO和LG的压力式内嵌触摸屏样品LCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(1)•Samsung’spatent(US20050094038)firstproposedthismethod:BecausedifferentLCalignmenthasdifferentdielectricconstant,andwhenpressed,theLCalignmentischanged,sothattheLCcapacitancechanged.LCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(2)•Samsung’sdemousethisstructure:Eachlinesensorisplacedevery8pixels.EachsensorlineconnectwithmanydummyLCpixelsandmanyreferencecapacitors.Dummypixelsareallcoveredbyblackmatrix.WhenLCcapacitancechanged,thevoltagebetweenClcandCrefalsochanged,sothetouchpositioncanbedetermined.LCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(3)•Thesequenceofeachdetectionis:Firstclosesw1,applyVatoLCandinitializethealignmentofLC(thiswilltakeseveralmilliseconds).Then,applyVbtoLCtosetthevoltagebiastoamplifieroperatingcondition(topreventsaturationofchargeamplifier).Finally,readoutthevoltagechangeofnodebetweenClcandCreftodetectafingertouch.LCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(3)•Samsung和Epson的in-cellLCalignmentchangetypeTPSamsungEpsonIntegratesurfacecapacitivetouchpanel(1)Surfacecapacitivetouchpanelprinciple:Touchpointistreatedasconnectingtogroundbyacapacitor.Theresistorfromtouchpointto4cornersR1-4isrelatedtothedistancefromtouchpointto4corners.Themorethedistanceis,themoretheresistoris.Whenaddsinesignalon4corners,thecurrentat4cornersI1-4isinverseproportiontorelatedR1-4.BymeasuringI1-4,thetouchpointcanbedetected.Integratesurfacecapacitivetouchpanel(2)•Touchpanelstructureanddrivingcircuitissametotraditionalsurfacecapacitivetouchpanel.•Comparedwithnon-integratedtouchpanel,thisstructureremovedoneglasslayer.Integratedprojectivecapacitivetouchpanelon-cell•Sofar,ApplefiledintegratedPCTpatent(US20080062148),buthavenotmadedemoyet.Apple’spatentusedmutualcapacitancetechnology.•AUO,CMO,Wintekallexhibiteddemosofon-cellcapacitiveTP•On-cellTPhasatleastoneworkinglayeraboveLCDCFglass.AUOAppleIntegratedprojectivecapacitivetouchpanelon-cell•AUO,CMOon-cellcapacitivetouchpanel.Integratedprojectivecapacitivetouchpaneloncellstructure•Theseare3differenton-cellstructureproposedinapple’spatentapplication.•ThedetectmethodofApple’sintegratedtypePCTissametomutualcapacitancedetectmethoddescribedbefore.Thelayerstructur