文体学

3.1Identifyandclassifypatternsofsoundrepetitioninthefollowingexamples1.Wordsandphraseshocus-pocus(Rhyme),high-and-mighty(Assonance),rough-and-ready(Alliteration),shilly-shally(Pararhyme),super-duper(Rhyme),tip-top(Pararhyme),wishy-washy(Pararhyme),zigzag(Pararhyme);byfairmeansfoul(Alliteration),fairandsquare(Rhyme),forgiveandforget(Alliteration),friendand/orfoe(Alliteration),highanddry(Rhyme),byhookorbycrook(Assonance),kithandkin(Alliteration),lastbutnotleast(Alliteration),lifeandlimb(Alliteration),alabouroflove(Alliteration),withmightandmain(Alliteration),partandparcel(Alliteration),rock&roll(Alliteration),toilandmoil(Rhyme),wealandwoe(Alliteration),wheelanddeal(Rhyme)2.TitlesandheadlinesPrideandPrejudice(alliteration)TheLove‘slabourLost(alliteration)OfMiceandMan(alliterationBillRogers)MarvelousMarathonMan(alliteration)FatherinaFix(alliteration)WitchWatch(alliteration)TheWonderofWaterfall(alliteration)Amidthemoneymuddle(alliteration)Fatherinafix(alliteration)WitchWatchSwatch(Rhyme)FlopsFlubsFailuresandFiascoes(alliteration)Stockmarketsplummetandclimbbetween“hellandheaven”(alliteration)CompactDisc:ABirthofMusicalMiracle(alliteration)3.GraphologicalAnalysisof“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”―TOM!‖Noanswer.―Tom!Noanswer.―What‘sgonewiththatboy,Iwonder?You,TOM!Noanswer.Theoldladypulledherspectaclesdownandlookedoverthemabouttheroom,thensheputthemupandlookedoutunderthem.Sheseldomorneverlookedthroughthemforsosmallathingasaboy;theywereherstatepair,theprideofherheart,andwerebuiltforstylenotserviceshecouldhaveseenthroughapairofstovelidsjustaswell.Shelookedperplexedforamoment,andthensaid,notfiercely,butstillloudenoughforthefurnituretohear:―Well,IlayifIgetholdofyouI‘llShedidnotfinish,forbythistimeshewasbendingdownandpunchingundertheedwiththebroom,andsosheneededbreathtopunctuatethepuncheswith.Sheresurrectednothingbutthecat.―Ineverdidseethebeatofthatboy!Shewenttotheopendoorandstoodinitandlookedoutamongthetomatovinesand―jimpson‖weedsthatconstitutedthegarden.NoTom.Soshelifteduphervoiceatananglecalculatedfordistance,andshouted:―Y-o-u-u,Tom!Therewasaslightnoisebehindherandsheturnedjustintimetoseizeasmallboybytheslackofhisroundaboutandarresthisflight.―There!Imighta‘thoughtofthatcloset.Whatyoubeendoinginthere?―Nothing.―Nothing!Lookatyourhands.Andlookatyourmouth.Whatisthattruck?―Idon‘tknow,aunt.--MarkTwainThisisoneepisodeofthenovelAdventuresofTomSawyer,depictinghowGrannyislookingforTom,whoisnaughtyandhidingunderthebed.ThedifferentformofletterswithpunctuationmarksindicateshowGrannyspeaks.Whenwereadit,wehavethefeelingofwatchingGrannyonastageplay.Forexample,TOM!issaidlouderthanTom!.Y-o-u-u,Tom!indicatesGrannydrawlshervoiceandwithunusualloudnesssoastobeheardfaraway.Theexclamationmarks!showheremotion,andthedash―implieshersuddenstop.Theitalicizedthroughemphasizesthecontrastwithoverandunderhumorouslyimplyingherglassesareintendedforornamentratherthanpracticaluse.Inthewholepassage,weseetheonlycharacterGranny,whoisspeakingtoherself.Itisverymuchlikeastagemonologue.Afterreading,wehaveavividimageofGrannyinourmind.Andthereisatouchofhumorallthrough.