搜索
Grammar动词-ed形式作定语、表语、宾语补足语在句中成分主宾表宾补定状不定式分词动名词√√√√√√√√√√XX√√√√XX√√√√√√√√√XX√√√√√√√√√√√XX二、非谓语动词的句法功能【考点一】考查非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词时态主动语态被动语态动词不定式一般时(表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生,或在其后发生)todotobedone进行时(表示动作和谓语动作同时发生)tobedoing完成时(表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)tohavedonetohavebeendone动名词一般时(通常表示一般性的动作或与谓语动作同时发生)doingbeingdone完成时(动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前)havingdonehavingbeendone现在分词一般时(表示分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生)doingbeingdone完成时(表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前)havingdonehavingbeendone过去分词过去分词无人称和数的变化,也没有时态和语态的变化doneThisisthetelephonedesignedintheearlytime.anamphibiouscarIwasexcitedatthenewinvention.Stephenson’s“Rocket”Stephenson’sinventionmadeallofussurprised.过去分词作定语实际上相当于一个形容词,表示“完成”的动作,还表示“被动”的意义。如：icedbeer(冰冻啤酒)；cookedfood(熟食);friedchips(炸土豆条);一、动词-ed形式作定语但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:fallenleaves(落叶)therisensun(升起的太阳)等。现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义．现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或完成．amovingmovie感人的电影movedaudience被感动的观众boilingwater正在烧(煮沸)的水boiledwater已煮沸的水developingcountries反展中国家developedcountries发达国家fallingleaves落叶(正在进行)fallenleaves落叶(已经完成)单个分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.4.Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.我会找规则2.Hesavedaboyfromaburninghouse.3.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.高考链接1)Mostoftheartists_____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(MET90)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)Mr.Smith,____ofthespeech,startedtoreada____novel.(2003北京春)A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boringAA过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。如：Thecupisbroken.茶杯破了。Heisretired.他已退休。Nowonderhewassoexcited.【注意】现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：现在分词作表语表示主语的性质和特征，意为“令人…的”,具有主动含义，意味着“起这种作用”Theworkwastiring.过去分词作表语表示主语的状态或心理感受,意为“感到…的”,具有被动含义，意味着“受这种影响”Theworkersweresoontired.翻译：(1)ThebookisinterestingandI‘minterestedinit.(2)Whenweheardofthemovingstory,weweredeeplymoved．二、过去分词作表语disappointamusingamusedamuseconfusingconfusedconfuseinspiredinspiringinspiresurprisedsurprisingsurpriseshockingshockedshock1.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlostDC2.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语可以表示完成意义的行为或状态。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt.(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.Theyconsideredthemattersettled.(2)动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make,get,have,keep,leave,hold等。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth.Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood.(3)动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want,wish,expect,order等。学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。ThestudentswishtheTVserialplayscontinued.(4)过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.1.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying2.--Thereisaholeinyourbag.--Iknow.I’mgoingtohaveit______.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemendedPracticeAC•Aboy(call)Tomwenttothecinemaonenight.Itwasahorrorfilm,buthewas(interest)init.Althoughthefilmwas(frighten),hefelt(excite).Afterthefilm,the(tire)boycamebackhome.On(arrive)home,hefoundoneofhiswindows(break)andaman(lie)atthedoor.Thedoorremained(lock),butthemanknockedatitveryhard.Tomrecognizedthathewasaneighbour(know)as“frequentlydrunk”.Theboyopenedthedoorandmadeacupofteaforthedrunk.Laterthemanbecamesober.Whenherealizedwhathadhappened,hefelt(embarrass).Hepromisedtohavethewindow(mend)andgiveup(drink),thenhewenthomeina(pass)taxi.Withthematter(settle),the(exhaust)boywenttobedimmediately.•calledinterestedfrighteningexcitedtiredarrivingbrokenlyinglockedknownembarrassedmendeddrinkingpassingsettledexhausted