过去分词作状语与高考试题

1过去分词作状语与高考试题一.过去分词作状语时与句中主语之间的关系：过去分词作状语时表示句子中主语是该动作的承受者，即“动宾关系”。1._____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.A.AttactingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted2.______inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedthelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losting二.过去分词作状语所表示的意义过去分词在句中作状语时，可表示时间，原因，条件，伴随，让步等。如：1.______withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface2.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonnesreturnedhome.______.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted3.Nomatterhowfrequently______,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed二.使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况1.忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语（或主动或被动）。如：Ifheated,_______.A.peoplecanturnwaterintogasB.onecanchangeiceintowaterC.iceturnsintowaterD.peoplegetwaterfromice★若分词主语与句中主语不一致，则可以用其他方法来修正：①给分词添加自己的主语，构成独立主格结构或改变语态。②改为相应的状语从句来表达。③用with的符合结构等。如：完成作业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。(X)Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.()Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(独立主格结构)()Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(现在分词完成形式)()Withtheirhomeworkfinshed,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(with的复合结构)()Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(介词+动名词)★有些含有分词的固定插入语，其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。如：judgngfrom（从…….来判断）;generally(frankly/exactly/…./)speaking一般地（坦率地/确切地）说;considering（考虑到）……;talkingof（说到）….;supposingthat（假使）….；seeingthat（鉴于）…..等。如：eg.Consideringhishealth，hewasmadetostayathome。2.不能正确区分doing（现在分词）和done（过去分词）的用法(1)______theprogamme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted(1)_______manytimes,hestillcametoschoollate.A.HavingtoldB.HavingbeentoldC.ToldD.Beingtold(3)_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Beinglost翻译句子：1.不管翻译得多好，我们都不喜欢这首诗。2.一般来讲，男人比女人跑得快些。3.虽然他受到大家的嘲笑，但却得到我的同情（simpathy）。4.一旦这个工程开始了，就不会改变了。5.从太空上望去，地球看起来是兰色的。2那个罪犯的手被捆在后面，被送到了警察局。（with）过去分词作宾语补足语一.接过去分词（短语）做宾语补足语的四类动词及特殊结构1.感官动词：feel,see,hear,watch,smell,taste,notice,observe,find等+sth./sb.+done。如：Ifoundallthewindowsbroken.2表示“希望；要求”等意义的动词：want,shouldlike,wouldlike/love,wish,order等+sb./sth.+done。如：Thepolice,findingthefimunhealthy,ordereditbanned.3.使役动词：make,get,have,等+sth./sb.+done。:如：Ihadmytaprepaired.(=Iaskedsomeonetorepairthetap.)注意:have/getsth.done结构的三种不同的含义:(1)”请/让/叫别人(为自己做某事)”,强调主语的意志.(2)”受到;遭受”,表示一种经历.eg.Shehadherhousedamagedinthestorm.(=Somethingbadhadhappenedtoherhouse.)(3)”使完成某事”,此事可以是别人完成的也可以是自己参与的.如:Shetoldmeshehadhadherhouserepaired.(=Shetoldmeherhousewasrepaired.)4.保持某种状态的动词：keep,leave等+sth./sb.+done。如：Pleasekeepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.5.特殊结构:with/without+名词/代词+done结构,分词done做名词/代词的宾语补足语.如:Doyouknowthegirlwithherhairtiedback?Theyleftwithoutaplateuntouched.二.两种分词（短语）作宾语补足语的区别1.及物动词的过去分词做宾语补足语时表被动;;现在分词则表示主动.如：Wehaveourclassroomcleanedafterschooleveryday.TheteacherhadTomcleaningtheclassroomtoday.2.不及物动词的过去分词做宾补时，表示动作的完成，分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前；现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行。如WhenIgothome,Ifoundmywalletgone.(gone”丢”的动作已经完成)WhenIcamehere,IsawLiLeireadinganEnglishbook.不定式作宾语补足语的情况---主语补足语或宾语补足语区别：1.Isawhimcryingunderthetree.(宾语补足语)Hewasseencryingunderthetree.(主语补足语)2.Isawhimbroughtintothecourt.(宾语补足语)Hewasseenbroughtintothecourt.(主语补足语)3.Isawhimclosethedoor.(宾语补足语)Hewasseentoclosethedoor.(主语补足语)分词大练兵：一.1.WhenwewerepassedbyIsawasoldier______intheriverandfoundhishorse_____toabigtre.A.swim;tieB.toswim;totieC.swimming;tiedD.swum;tying2.Iwashavingmybike___inthestreetwhenIheardmyname_____.A.repaired;calledB.repairing;tocallC.repaired;callingD.torepaire;call3.Hespeaksastrangelanguage.Whateverhesaid,hecouldn’tmakehimself_______.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood4.Whatsurprisedmewastoseesomeimportantpeopleinthetown____inthechairsatthebackofourclassroom.A.seatingB.seatedC.seatD.tobeseated5.Ifindit_____thatyoucan’tplayfootball.Butteamcooperation(合作)won’tmakeyou_____.A.amazing;embarrassedB.amazed;embarrassedC.amazing;embarrassingD.amazed;embarrassing6.Thepolicemenbroughtintwothieveswhowerecaught______inthesupermarket.3A.stealB.stilenC.stealingD.tostealing7.Thestudentsstudiedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextterm.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout8.---CanIparkhere?---Anyone____herewillbefined100dollars.A.seenparkingS.seeingparkedC.seenparkedD.seeingparking9.Acookwillbefiredimmediatelyifheisfound___inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked10.Johnrushedoutinahurry,____thedoor____.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockedD.toleave;unlocked11._____inawhiteunform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor..A.DressesB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdresses13.When____help,oneoftensays”Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou.”A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered14._____moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven15.Inordernottobedisturbed,hespentthreehours______inhisstudy.A.tolockB.lockingC.lockedD.beinglocked16._____thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperatio