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英语语法----名词性从句起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。请思考定语从句的定义：起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。名词性从句定义4、同位语从句(appositiveclause)分类1、主语从句(subjectclause)2、表语从句(predicativeclause)3、宾语从句(objectclause)1、Englishisveryusefulforus.2、ThesubjectIaminterestedinisEnglish.3、WeneedtomasterEnglishwell.4、Hewanttolearnthelanguage,English.请思考：(主语)(宾语)(表语)(同位语)SubjectClause主语从句By:ArielDealwithLearningPlan导学案课前单1.Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.2.Shewentoutinahurry.3.Toseeistobelieve.4.Smokingisbadforhealth.5.Whathehassaidistrue.结论：（1）主语是句子说明的人或事物，一般放在____________.（2）在句子中充当____________的从句就是主语从句。.（名词）（代词）（不定式）（动名词）（从句）句首主语DealwithLearningPlan导学案课前单1.Thathewillpasstheexamiscertain.2.Whetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain.3.Whowillgomakesnodifference.4.Whatweneedismoretime.5.WhichbookIshallchoosehasn’tbeendecided.找出下列句子中的主语从句DealwithLearningPlan导学案课前单6.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.7.Whenwewillleavehasn’tbeendecided.8.Wherethemeetingwillbeheldisnotknown.9.Whyhecriesisnotclear.10.Howshekeepshealthyisasecret.找出下列句子中的主语从句结论：主语从句的语序要用_________语序。陈述结论；判断主语从句的方法；先找到谓语，谓语之前的句子就是主语从句。位置：①通常放在主句谓语动词之前②由形式主语it代替,而主语从句在句子末尾。主语从句考点归纳主语从句引导词的使用主谓一致形式主语结构主语从句的语序一、主语从句语序1.一般疑问句作主语•A:Willhecometomyparty?•B:itmakesnodifferencetome.Willhecometomypartymakesnodifferencetome.Whetherhewillcometomypartymakesnodifferencetome.步骤：1.将疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述句语序；2.在句首加上whether（是否）来引导，以保留原句的疑问意义。他来不来参加我的聚会对我来说无所谓。2.特殊疑问词作主语A：Whydiddinosaursbecomeextinct?B:Itisstillamystery.Whydiddinosaursbecomeextinctisstillamystery.Whydinosaursbecameextinctisstillamystery.步骤：需要将疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述句语序。一、主语从句语序连接副词（4个）：when、why、where、how引导词从属连词（3个）：that、if、whether连接代词（9个）：who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever、二、主语从句的引导词Thathewillpasstheexamiscertain.Whetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain._______不做成分，无意义.whether不做成分，译为“_______”。合作探究结论：that是否Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whatweneedismoretime.WhichbookIshallchoosehasn’tbeendecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.合作探究who在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。what在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。which在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。whoever在主语从句中充当_________,译为“_______”。结论：主语谁宾语所…的定语哪一个主语无论谁Whenwewillleavehasn’tbeendecided.Wherethemeetingwillbeheldisnotknown.Whyhecriesisnotclear.Howshekeepshealthyisasecret.when在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。where在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。why在主语从句中充当__________,译为“_______”。how在主语从句中充当_________,译为“_______”。合作探究结论：状语何时状语何地状语为什么状语怎样从句中的每一个引导词都有3个作用，分别如下:功能例词从属连词只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成份。that,whether,if，连接代词既起连接作用，本身又做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。Who,whom,whose,what,which连接副词既起连接作用，本身又做从句的状语。when,where,why,how,wherever,whenever…缺什么补什么1.that引导that引导的主语从句，不做成分，无意义，通常不能省略，在句中具有“两不”原则：①不作句子成分；②没有实际意义。•当它引导的主语从句置于句首时，that不能省略；•如果用it作形式主语，则把主语从句放在句末，这时that可以省略。如：Thathewillcomeiscertain.Itwasapity(that)youdidn'tgotothetalk.Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.Thathewillwinthematchiscertain.注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在,但有时为了使句子,避免”头重脚轻”,常用作，从而把主语从句放在．句首保持平衡it形式主语后面1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+thatItisapity/shamethat...可惜的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人吃惊的是…Itisafactthat…事实是…Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很可惜)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat1.令人吃惊的是他改变了主意。Itisasurprisethathechangedhismind.2.真可惜你错过了这么一个好机会。Itisapitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.3.事实是我们周围的污染正变得越来越严重。Itisafactthatthepollutionaroundusisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.2)Itis+adj.+thatIt’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossible/likelythat...很可能……Itisobvious/clearthat…很明显…Itistruethat…的确…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_______________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_______________(很明显)heisanEnglish.+sb(should)+do…（虚拟语气）ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat1.很可能他会申请这项工作的。Itislikelythathewillapplyforthejob.2.的确我犯了个错误。ItistruethatImadeamistake.3.有必要我们要学习英语。ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglish.3)It+不及物动词+thatIthappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…Itappears/seemsthat…似乎，好像…Itturnedoutthat…原来…*________________(刚好)Iwasoutyesterday.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgottosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat1.好像是我错了。ItappearsthatIamwrong.2.碰巧他得去参加一个会议。Ithappenedthathehadtoattendameeting.3.我突然想起他会说英语。ItoccurstomethathecanspeakEnglish.4.原来他是Mary的朋友。ItturnedoutthathewasMary’sfriend.4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据相信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat+sb(should）do...（虚拟语气）建议……*_________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*__________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat1.据说他已经去了上海。It’ssaidthathehasgonetoShanghai.2.众所周知台湾是中国的一部分.ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanispartofChina.3.有人建议我们应该多做运动。Itissuggestedthatweshouldtakemoreexercise.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连