I大学生创业群体社会支持网络分析II摘要近些年,伴随着社会就业压力的不断增大,很多大学毕业生面临着就业难以解决的困难,许多大学生为了解决这个问题选择自主创业,政府也相继出台了许多政策予以支持。大学生的自主创业不但可以把自身的就业问题解决,同时还可以带动整个社会就业问题的解决,本文立足于社会支持网络理论,将创业大学生的社会支持网络进行概念操作化,构建一个综合各方面要素的体系,在这个体系中,要有充分的创业扶持政策(创业鼓励、税费减免、技术帮扶)、完善的教育辅导体系(课程改革、创业大赛、教辅引导)、良好的社会孵化措施(办公场地、办公设备、市场服务)和充足的资金支持(家庭、银行、学校、企业)。在研究分析方面,利用问卷和半结构式访谈相结合的方式获取资料,通过SPSS和Excel等工具进行资料分析,得到了创业大学生社会支持网络的现状,进而根据分析得出的现状,从各个支持网络主体出发分别提出了优化措施,完善大学生创业社会支持网络。关键词:大学生创业社会支持网络IIIAbstractInrecentyears,alongwiththeincreasingpressureofsocialobtainemployment,manycollegegraduatesfacingemploymentisdifficulttosolvethedifficulties,manycollegestudentsinordertosolvethisproblemtochoosetodopoineeringworkindependently.Thegovernmentalsopromulgatedthemanypoliciestobesupported.Collegestudentsstarttheirownbusinessescannotonlysolvetheemploymentproblemsofitsown,butalsoledtosolvetheemploymentproblemofthecommunityasawhole.Thispaper,basedontheonthesocialsupportnetworktheory,entrepreneurialcollegestudents'socialsupportnetworksforoperatingtheconcept,constructaintegratingallelementsofthesystem,inthissystem,tohavesufficientpoineeringsupportpolicy(toencourageentrepreneurship,taxrelief,technicalaid),improvementofeducationandcounselingsystem(curriculumreform,businesscompetition,supplementaryGuide),goodsocialhatchmeasures(officespace,officeequipment,marketservice)andsufficientfundssupport(households,banks,schoolsandenterprises.Intheanalysis,usingacombinationofquestionnaireandsemi-structuredinterviewstoobtaindatathroughtheSPSSandexceltoolsfordataanalysis,thestatusquooftheentrepreneurshipofCollegeStudents'socialsupportnetwork,andthenaccordingtotheanalysisofthepresentsituation,fromtheelementsofrespectivelyputforwardmeasurestooptimizeandimprovestudentsentrepreneurialsocialsupportnetwork.KeyWords:Collegestudents;entrepreneurship;SocialsupportnetworkIV目录1引言..................................................................11.1研究的背景........................................................11.2研究意义..........................................................11.2.1理论意义......................................................11.2.2现实意义......................................................11.3文献综述..........................................................21.3.1国外文献研究..................................................21.3.2国内文献研究..................................................21.4概念界定和理论基础................................................41.4.1创业的概念界定................................................41.4.2大学生创业的概念界定..........................................41.4.3社会支持的概念界定............................................41.4.4社会支持网络的概念界定........................................51.4.5模型建立......................................................51.5研究方法..........................................................51.5.1方法设计......................................................51.5.2调查对象......................................................51.5.3资料收集......................................................51.5.4资料分析......................................................62大学生创业社会支持网络现状............................................62.1政策支持现状......................................................62.1.1创业鼓励......................................................72.1.2税费减免......................................................72.1.3技术支持......................................................82.2教育支持现状......................................................92.2.1课程改革......................................................92.2.2创业竞赛.....................................................102.2.3教辅支持.....................................................112.3资金支持现状.....................................................112.4孵化支持现状.....................................................132.4.1办公场地支持.................................................132.4.2办公设备支持.................................................132.4.3市场服务支持.................................................143大学生创业社会支持网络存在的问题及原因分析...........................143.1政策支持落实不到位,缺乏技术性支持...............................143.2教育支持缺乏专业性,学校支持体系不完善...........................143.3资金支持投入力度小,针对性不强...................................153.4孵化支持重点不明晰,作用性不强...................................154优化大学生创业社会支持网络的路径选择.................................154.1政府:做大学生自主创业的倡导者和鼓励者,提升政策支持程度.........15V4.1.1营造良好创业氛围.............................................154.1.2广泛宣传榜样力量.............................................164.1.3监督政策落实情况.............................................164.2高校:做好创业教育,提供教育支持.................................164.2.1创业课程理论是实践相结合.....................................164.2.2优化创业教育提升创业能力.....................................164.3社会:完善社会机制,提供孵化支持.................................174.3.1优化创投机制,提供孵化资源...................................174.3.2完善服务体系,省去后顾之忧...................................174.4家庭:做好情感呵护与资金支持.....................................174.4.1改变观念,提供情感呵护.......................................174.4.2量力而行,提供资金支持.......................................185结语.................................................................18参考文献.