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1While用法小结一、while作名词用，表示“一会儿”“一段时间”1.Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。2.Comingtoanothercountrytostudyrequiresabigadjustmentandittakesawhiletofitin.二、While作连词引导状语从句(1)引导时间状语(当......的期间）1.Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。2.Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio，shefellasleep.(2)引起让步状语从句，意思是“虽然…但是….”、“尽管…但是…”(多放于句首)1.Whileheloveshisstudents，heisverystrictwiththem..2.Whiletheseexperimentsareinterestinganduseful，itisimportanttorememberthattheymaynotalwaystellusmuch.(3)引起条件状语，意思是“只要”1.Whilethereislife，thereishope.只要生命存在，就有希望。2.Whilethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者事竟成。三、While作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。而but表转折。注意用心比较体会while与but的句中用意1.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.2.Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome，whiletheparentswereworkinginthefields.3.Ioughttohavehelpedher，butInevercould.我本该帮她但没能。4.Honeyissweet，butthebeestings.蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。四.while，when，as的用法区别1.都译为“当…的时候”，区别为：when后的从句谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是短暂性动词，而且还可作并列连词，译为“这时”。但以下句型一定用when，作并列连词：句型A：beabouttodo…when…正要做…这时(发生另一事)句型B：was/weredoing…when…正在…这时(发生另一事)句型C：hadjust/almost/hardlydone…when…刚做了一件事…这时(发生另一事)1.Wewereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorain.我们刚要出发天突然下雨了。2.Hehadhardlysatdownwhenhismobilerang.他刚一坐下手机就响了。3.IwaswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhenIfellintoit.我正沿河岸散步突然掉进水里。while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句的两个动词同时发生；while也可作并列连词，表示两个动作的对比，译为“而”“然而”。as则表示两个变化中的动作的同时性，译为“一边…一边…”。1.Whilehismotherwascookinginthekitchen，theboyfellasleepinthechair.(在一个延续动作过程中发生另一个动作)2.Hehurriedhome，lookingbehindashewent.他匆匆回家，边走边往后看。注意：Hardlyhadsb.donesth.whensb.didsth.=nosoonerhadsb.donesth.Thansb.didsth.Hardlyhadhegothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadshefinishedherhomeworkthanshewenttoplaythepiano.■巩固练习：一.改错1.SheisfatbutIamthin.2.Itwasrainingwhilewearrived.23.Shesangwhilehewalked.4.Idon'tknowthemwell，whiletheyaremyneighbors.二.选择最佳答案：1.ShethoughtIwaspraisingherchild，_____，infact，Iwasscoldinghimforhisbadbehaviorsatschool.A.whatB.whileC.sothatD.therefore2.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework____myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.(2004全国卷II35)A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as3.______itisexpectedthatstudentscomeuniversitywiththeabilitytotakeagoodsetofnotes，thisisnotalwaysthecase.A.WhenB.AsC.ForD.While4.Wewereswimminginthelake___suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before5.---Youseemtohavehadthatcarforyears.---Yes，it'singoodcondition，butIshouldsellit____itstillruns.A.ifB.beforeC.becauseD.while答案：一1.but改成while。因为fat与thin形成对比2.while改成when。因为arrived为短暂动词3.while改成as。表示“一边…一边…”4.Whiletheyaremyneighbors，Idon'tknowthemwell.主句和从句颠倒位置。二.1.选B。while并列连词，表对比，意为，“而，但是”2.选A.while含有对比之意，意为“然而”。3.选D.在此句中while表示“尽管”。4.选A。wasdoing···when···一个固定句式。5.选D.意思为“趁着···”It与强调句型的运用1、基本结构It用于强调句型，其基本结构是：Itis\was+被强调成分+that从句；当被强调成分是表示人的名词或代词时，也可以是“Itis\was+被强调成分(人)+who从句”。2、强调单句成分的例题：Hesawhisfriendsinthestreetyesterdaymorning.强调主语：Itwashethatsawhisfriendsinthestreetyesterdaymorning.强调宾语：Itwashisfriendsthat\whohesawinthestreetyesterdaymorning.强调地点状语：Itwasinthestreetthathesawhisfriendsyesterdaymorning.强调时间状语：Itwasyesterdaymorningthathesawhisfriendsinthestreet.注：疑问句式(1)Itwashethatsawhisfriendsinthestreetyesterdaymorning.一般疑问句：Wasithethatsawhisfriendsinthestreetyesterdaymorning?特殊疑问句：Whowasitthatsawhisfriendsinthestreetyesterdaymorning?(2)Itwasinthestreetthathesawhisfriendsyesterdaymorning.一般疑问句：Wasitinthestreetthathesawhisfriendsyesterdaymorning？3划线提问：Wherewasitthathesawhisfriendsyesterdaymorning？（3）Hetoldmeastorylastnight.Itwasastorythathetoldmelastnight.Wasitastorythathetoldyoulastnight?对被强调成分划线提问：Whatwasitthathetoldyoulastnight?强调句型的特殊疑问结构为：特殊疑问词+is\wasitthat…3、状语从句的强调例题：时间状语从句的强调：(1)Iknewthenewswhenshecameback.ItwaswhenshecamebackthatIknewthenews.(2)Shedidn’tknowtheresultuntilItoldher.ItwasnotuntilItoldherthatsheknewtheresult.NotuntilItoldherdidsheknowtheresult.(3)Igottoknowheronafarmwhereweworked.ItwasonafarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.(4)Thesuggestionthatthemeetingshouldbeputoffinterestedme.Itwasthesuggestionthatthemeetingshouldbeputoffthatinterestedme.4、准确判断强调句型的方法：去掉Itis\was…that,如果句子的结构和意义完整，就是强调句型，否则就不是强调句型。（1）Itisthesepoisonousproducts____cancausethesymptomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.A.whoB.thatC.howD.what(2)Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlater____Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that(3)Wheredidyougettoknowher?Itwasonthefarm______weworkedtogether.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which(4)Itwaseighto’clock_____wegottothevillage.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that(5)---_______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?----Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.wherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit(6)Iknewnothingaboutit.______youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.WhatisD.Whatisit5、谓语动词的强调：“do\does\did+v原”Hedidhelptheoldman.6、It的其他句型：（1）Itis+sometime+since从句=Ithasbeen+sometime+since从句Itisalmostayearsincewemetlastyear.(2)Itis\was+时间点+when从句Itwastwoo’clockatnightwhenwegothome.(3)Itwas(itwillbe)+sometime+before从句Itwassometimebeforewerealizedthetruth.Itwillnotbelongbeforewemeetagain.4Itwillbetwomonthsbeforethismedicinecanbetestedonpatients.1.___thatcausedhimtoservedinneranhourlaterthanusual.A.ItwaswebeinglateB.ItwasourbeinglateC.ItwaswetoolateD.Itwa