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Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressionspresent—presenceviolentconfidentdifferentpatientcertainfairpaidlikekindviolenceconfidencedifferencepatienceunkinduncertainunfairunpaidunlikecultureglobeuniverseagriculturemathematicsartphysicschemistrybiologysciencemathematicalculturalglobaluniversalagriculturalscientistArtistphysicistchemistbiologistAnswerkeyforexercise1onpage281.Atthebeginning,theearthhadno_______.AdustBatomsCwaterDmatter2.Thedevelopmentofaplanetgenerallydependson_______combiningtogether.AatomsBrocksCgasesDwater3.The________ofmammalshappenedafterthedisappearanceofthedinosaurs.AharmfulBsystemCspreadDmethod4.Mammals________whentheanimalsthatwereharmfultothemdisappeared.ApreventedBmultipliedCdependedDexistedAnswerkeyforexercise2onpage28CACBAnswerkeyforexercise3onpage28Isthemoonaplanet?Thisquestionis_________ifstudentsaretoshowthattheyunderstandthenatureof__________.Somescientiststhinkthattheearth__________themoonbecausethemooncirclesourplanet.Othersbelievethatthemoon______beforetheearthwasformed.Theythinkthatearlierintimeittravelledthroughspaceasasmallplanetwhichwascaughtbytheearth’sgravity.__________,itgoesaroundourplanet.fundamentalastronomygavebirthtoexistedAsaresultTheevidenceforthistheoryisthatthe_______thatmakeuptherocksonthemoonseemtobedifferentfromthoseonearth.Whatisclearisthatthemoonissmallerthantheearthandthis________it_____escapingfromtheearth.Althoughitsoriginmaystillbea______,themooncanneverbeanythingmorethanasatelliteoftheearth.atomspreventsfrompuzzleEmotionalwordsCalmwordsViolentangryrudeShockedexcitedcrazyPatientgentlerelaxingKindeasy-goingcalmAnswerkeyforexercise4onpage28Violentpatientgentleangryruderelaxingkindshockedexcitedeasy-goingcalmcrazyNounclausesasthesubjectUnit4Grammar1.______watchwaslostisunknown.2.________youdidisright.3._________wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.4.______weneedistime.5.______willbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.whetherwhatwhowhosewhateverUsethewordsbelowtofillintheblanks.WhetherWhatWhateverWhoseWho上面的空大家都填对了吗?上面每个句子都出现了的主语从句，大家能找到吗？1.Whosewatchwaslostisunknown.2.Whateveryoudidisright.3.Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.4.Whatweneedistime.5.Whowillbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.1.Whosewatchwaslostisunknown.2.Whateveryoudidisright.3.Whetherwewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.4.Whatweneedistime.5.Whowillbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.主语从句(SubjectClause)如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.Whatweneedaregooddoctors.Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.连接词1.thatThattheearthmovesaroundthesuniswellknown.2.whetherWhetherhewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.3.whoWhowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.4.whatWhatyouneedismorepractice.5.whichWhichoneisthebestisnotclear.6.when,whereWherehehasgoneisaquestion.7.why,howWhythereisgravityishardtounderstand.HowhecanearnalivinginBritainremainsabigproblem.8.whoever、whatever、whichever可引导主语从句。Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.Whateverhedidwasright.Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.1.引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等。2.连词位于句首不能省略。3.主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数,但在关系代词what引导的主语从句后谓语动词的数要根据句意而定。小结为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语后置。1.Itiscertainthathewillwinthematch.2.Itistruethathehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.3.Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.4.Itisstrangethatthemanshouldhavestucktohissillyideas.5.Itisapitythatwewon'tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummervacation.6.Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.7.ItissaidthathehasgonetoShanghai.8.Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.1.以that引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导,结构为:Itis+形容词/名词/某些动词ed+that从句。2.在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气(should+do/should+havedone)。小结whether与if均为“是否”但下列情况下只用whether：1.引导主语从句并在句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.2.引导表语从句Thequestioniswhetherhe’llcome.3.whether从句作介词宾语I’mnotsureaboutwhetherwe’llwin.4.引导让步状语从句时Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.1.主语从句位于句首时必须由连接词引导。2.主语从句后置时引导词that可省略。3.主语从句位于句首时,不能用if引导。4.主语从句后置时,可以用if引导。注意事项1.____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever2.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo____Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever3.____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellpeoplethepassportofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatitrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires4.Itisprettywellunderstood____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5._____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because6.Itnowappears___theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how7.____knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.WhoeverC.WhomthatD.Thatwho8.Itisgoodnews___theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how1.他出生在何地还不知道。2.谁会赢得比赛还不知道。3.谁来都欢迎。4.那个人为什么被谋杀尚不知道。Wherehewasbornhasnotbeenfound.Whythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Whoevercomesiswelcome.DiscoveringusefulstructuresHisdiscoveryhasnotyetbeenproved.What__________________________________________.Dotheotherastronomersaccepthisideas?Itremainsaquestion.W