英国文学期末考试题目(英语专业必备)

一．中古英语时期BeowulfistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage,andthemostimportantspecimen(范例、典范)ofAnglo-Saxonliterature,andalsotheoldestsurvivingepicintheEnglishlanguage.Theromanceisapopularliteraryforminthemedievalperiod（中世纪）.Itusesverseorprosetosingknightlyadventuresorotherheroicdeeds.GeoffreyChaucer,oneofthegreatestEnglishpoets,whosemasterpiece,TheCanterburyTales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,wasoneofthemostimportantinfluencesonthedevelopmentofEnglishliterature.ChaucerisconsideredasthefatherofEnglishpoetryandthefounderofEnglishrealism.二．文艺复兴RenaissanceRenaissancereferstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid-17thcenturies.Itmarksatransition(过渡)fromthemedievaltothemodernworld.ItstartedinItalywiththefloweringofpainting,sculpture（雕塑）andliterature,andthenspreadtotherestofEurope.HumanismistheessenceofRenaissance-----Manisthemeasureofallthings.ThiswasEngland’sGoldenAgeinliterature.QueenElizabethreignedoverthecountryinthisperiod.TherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandrama.ThemostfamousdramatistsintheRenaissanceEnglandareChristopherMarloweandWilliamShakespeare.ThegreatestofthepioneersofEnglishdramawasChristopherMarlowe.FrancisBaconwasthebestknownessayistofthisperiod.“OfStudies”isthemostpopularofBacon’s58essays.ThomasMore——UtopiaEdmundSpenser——TheFaerieQueene相关练习1.WhichistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage?A.UtopiaB.FaerieQueeneC.BeowulfD.Hamlet2._____isthefatherofEnglishpoetry.A.EdmundSpenserB.WilliamShakespeareC.FrancisBaconD.GeoffreyChaucer3.____isnotaplaywrightduringtheRenaissanceperiodonEngland.A.WilliamShakespeareB.GeoffreyChaucerC.ChristopherMarloweD.BenJohnson三．莎士比亚WilliamShakespeare“Alltheworld'sastage,andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers.”——WilliamShakespeareWilliamShakespeareisconsideredthegreatestplaywrightintheworldandthefinestpoetwhohaswrittenintheEnglishlanguage.Shakespeareunderstoodpeoplemorethananyotherwriters.Hecouldcreatecharactersthathavemeaningbeyondthetimeandplaceofhisplays.HisfourtragediesareHamlet(《哈姆雷特》),Othello(《奥赛罗》),KingLear(《李尔王》)andMacbeth(《麦克白》).Shakespeare’ssonnets,154innumber,aretheonlydirectexpressionofthepoet’sownfeelings;Sonnet18deservesitsfamebecauseitisoneofthemostbeautifullywrittenversesintheEnglishlanguage诗选Sonnet18ShallIcomparetheetoaSummer’sday?Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate.RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,AndSummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate.（我怎能将你与夏日相比?/你比它更温和可爱：/动人的花蕾在五月咆哮的风中颤抖，/夏日的美好时光也绝不长久：）Sometimetoohottheeyeofheavenshines,Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,Bychance,ornature’schangingcourse,untrimm’d;（太阳的金色光芒虽然耀眼，/却常常以灰暗的面貌出现；/再美貌的物什都逃不过凋谢，/命运流转或无意间将其拆解；）ButthyeternalSummershallnotfade,Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’stNorshallDeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,Whenineternallinetotimethougrow’st.Solongasmencanbreathoreyescansee,Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.（可你如夏日般不会褪色,/你的美貌也将永存;/死神无法夸耀你曾在它的阴影中游荡,/伴随永恒的诗篇你将留存。/只要人类生生不息我的诗句能被见证,/你就会在传承中得到永生！）相关练习1.Shakespeare’sgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept____.A.HamletB.KingLearC.RomeoandJulietD.Othello2.TheEssenceofRenaissance,themostsignificantintellectualmovement,was_____.A.GeographicalexplorationB.ReligiousreformationC.PublishingandtranslationD.Humanism.3.In“Sonnet18”,Shakespeare_________________.A.Meditateonthedestructivepoweroftimeandeternalbeautybypoetry.B.Satirize(讽刺)human’svanity.C.Predict(预测)theeternityoflove.D.Eulogize(颂扬)thepowerofthebeauty.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementbestillustratesthethemeofShakespeare’sSonnet18?A.ThespeakereulogizesthepowerofNature.B.Thespeakersatirizeshumanvanity.C.Thespeakerpraisesthepowerofartisticcreation.D.Thespeakermeditatesonman’ssalvation.5.TheRenaissancereferstobetween14th-mid-17thcentury,whichwasunderthereignofQueen___andabsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummit,andinwhichthe’realmainstream(真正的文学主流)’was____.A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/dramaC.Mary/novelD.James/drama6._____,thefirstofthegreattragedies,isgenerallyregardedasShakespeare’smostpopularplayonthestage,forithasthequalitiesofa“blood-and-thunder”thrilleranda’philosophicalexploration’oflifeanddeath.A.TheMerchantofVeniceB.HamletC.KingLearD.TheWinter’sTale四．18世纪英国文学The18th-centuryEnglandisknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.17thcenturywriterJohnMiltonranksasoneofthegreatestpoetsinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.HismasterpieceParadiseLost(失乐园)waspublishedin1667.LateranotherepicpoemParadiseRegained(复乐园),sequeltoParadiseLost,waspublishedwiththepoeticdramaSamsonAgonistes(力士参孙).Themid-18thcenturywas,however,predominatedbyanewlyrisingliteraryform,themodernEnglishnovel,which,contrarytothetraditionalromanceofaristocrats,givesarealisticpresentationoflifeofthecommonEnglishpeople.DanielDefoeisconsideredtobethefatheroftheEnglishnovel.HismasterpieceisRobinsonCrusoe.ItisconsideredtobethefirstEnglishnovelJonathanSwiftisgenerallyconsideredthegreatestprosesatirist(讽刺散文家)inEnglishliterature.Hislanguageissimple,clearandvigorous.Heonceasserted:“Properwordsinproperplace,makesthetruedefinitionofastyle.”他曾把文字风格定义成“恰到好处的词语用在恰到好处的地方”Thereareno