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实用文档文案大全名词专项练习和讲解一．可数名词（1）规则变化:①一般在单数名词词尾加-s。如：map→maps,boy→boys,horse→horses,table→tables.②以s,x,ch，sh结尾的词加-es.如：class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,dish→dishes.③以o结尾的名词,有生命的加-es,如：tomato→tomatoespotato→potatoes,hero→heroes;无生命的加-s如：photo→photos,piano→pianos.【快速记忆：词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es请记好，hero,tomato,potato。(英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿)。】④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families,city→cities；⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：wolf→wolves,life→lives,knife→knives.★以-f或-fe结尾的名词，单数变为复数时，大多将-f或-fe变为-ves,常见的有：“小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)放在架子(shelf)上，劈成了两半(half),结束了它的生命(life)。”★以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s的有：海湾(gulfgulfs)农奴(serfserfs)信(beliefbeliefs)酋长(chiefchiefs)，悬崖(cliffcliffs)证据(proofproofs)上顶房)即房顶、屋顶roofroofs)（2）不规则变化变元音字母：man-men;woman-women;goose-geese;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;mouse-mice实用文档文案大全单复数同行：fish;deer;sheep特殊：child-childrenthis---these(这些)that--those(那些)国人：ChineseJapanese；Englishman-Englishmen;Frenchman-Frenchmen;German-Germans变中心词：lookers-on(旁观者)；brothers-in-law(n.姐/妹夫)passers-by(过路人，行人)没有中心词的在词尾加s。如：go-betweens(媒人)；grown-ups(成人)；以man或woman+n.构成的复合词,两个名词都变复数.如:mendrivers;womendoctors二.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。量化单位通常有pair,piece,cup,bottle,glass,box,bag等等。如：abagofrice→twobagsofrice,apieceofpaper→threepiecesofpaper,abottleofmilk→fivebottlesofmilk.三.在汉语中属于可数范畴，但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词advice:忠告bread:面包chocolate:巧克力equipment:设备damage:损坏food:食物information:消息furniture:家具knowledge:知识homework:作业housework:家务water:水paper:纸progress:进步rice:米population:人口milk:牛奶四.有些名词虽然形式上是单数，但只看成复数mankind人类people人民police警察五.多数集合名词，即可看作单数（作为一个整体），做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。也可看作复数（表示集体中的各个成员），做主语时，谓语动词用复数。army军队family家group小组eg:1.Herfamilywaswellknownintheregion.她家在该地区是名门望族。2.Hisfamilyallworkinthecity.他的家人都在这个城市上班。3.Thefamilyisnotlarge.这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）4.Thefamilyareallmusiclovers.这家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭成员）六.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量的名词可以与数词一起组成定语的复合结构，中间用连字符号连接，并且名词只能用单数形式。athree-yearstudy一项为期三年的研究aten-dollarbill一张十美元的钞票七.名词所有格名词所有格表示所属关系,(相当于汉语“…的”),在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如：Children'sDay(儿童节),mysister'sbook(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加“'”即可。如：Teachers'Day;hisparents'room(3)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现其它所修饰的词如：thebarber's理发店thedoctor's（候诊室）(4)如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示“共有”。如：John'sandMary'sroom（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（一间）(5)复合名词或短语，'s加在最后一个词的词尾。如：amonthortwo'svacation(6双重所有格：①of+名词性物主代词②of+名词's如：afriendofmine(我的一位朋友),afriendofmyfather's(我父亲的一位朋友)实用文档文案大全(7)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所属关系。如：agooddaughteroftheParty(党的好女儿);thetitleofthesong(歌名);thecoverofthebook(书的封面)。(8)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's.如：today'snewspaper(今天的报纸),tenminutes'walk(十分钟的路程),China'spopulation(中国的人口).一．可数名词的复数规则变化1.map__________girl__________pen__________bag_____car__________2.bus__________brush__________watch__________box__________3.baby__________city__________country__________4.hero__________potato__________zoo_________tomato_________photo__________5.knife__________leaf_______wolf________wife__________life__________6.child__________foot__________tooth__________mouse__________man__________7.German__________Englishman__________Chinese_________8.deer__________sheep__________yuan__________中等题1.Therearetwo__________overthere.(watch)2.Iliketaking__________.(photo)3.lcanseea__________andtwo__________standingthere.(man,woman)4.Therearetwobasketsof__________onthefloor.(apple)5.Lookatthose__________.(child)6.Hedoesn'tlikethese__________.(glass)7.Howmany__________canyousee?(radio)8.Therearemoreandmore__________driversinShanghainow.(woman)9.Givemesome__________,please.(water)含性别的复合名词1.Therearetwenty__________inourhospital.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor2.__________areusuallycarefulindoingexercises.A.GirlstudentsB.GirlsstudentsC.Girls’studentsD.Girl’sstudents可数名词复数不规则变化1.----Whatarethese?--Theyare__________.A.deersB.radiosC.RadioesD.tomatos2.Howmany__________arethereinthese__________?A.tomatos,photosB.tomatoes,photosC.tomatoes,photoesD.potatos,photoes实用文档文案大全3.Mr.Chenhastwo__________.A.toothsB.teethC.teethsD.toothes4.Hereare__________foryou,Sue.A.potatosB.somepotatoesC.threetomatosD.sometomato5.Thenthe__________begantoeatthegreen__________ofyoungtrees.A.deer,leafsB.deer,leavesC.deer,leafD.deers,leafs国人复数变化专项1.Imetsome__________intheparkandtalkedwiththemtheotherday.A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.ChinesesD.English2.---Excuseme,areyou__________?---Yes,I’mfrom__________.A.Japan,JapaneseB.China,ChineseC.England,EnglishD.American,America3.Agroupof__________aretalkingwithtwo__________overthere.A.Frenchmen,GermansB.Frenchmen,GermenC.Frenchmen,GermanD.Frenchmanes,Germans4.Yesterdayafew__________cametovisitsome__________inShantou.A.German,placesofinterestB.Germans,placesofinterestsC.Germans,placesofinterestD.Germen,placesofinterest。5.Two__________andfive__________arestudyingChineseatBeijingUniversity.A.German,EnglishB.Germans,EnglishC.Germans,EnglishmenD.Germen,Englishmen复合名词1.Thedeliciousdishesarecookedby__________.A.womencookersB.womencooksC.womancooksD.womancookers2.Juliewenttothe__________tobuyapairofshoes.A.shoesstoreB.shoe’sstoreC.shoestoreD.shoes’store简单题1.Aftermoving