搜索
简单句的五种基本句型句型种类主语谓语部分谓语动词表语宾语补语S+Vi(主+谓)Patarrived.S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)Sheplaysthepiano.S+Link.V+P(主+系+表)Theyare(系动词)heroes.S+Vt+InO+DO(主+谓+双宾)Iofferedhim5dollars.(人间物直)S+Vt+O+Oc(主+谓+复合宾语)Annmademecry.句子成分详解句子成分意义充当词类例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组Sheisdancingunderthetree.宾语表示动作行为的对象同主语BothofuslikeEnglish.表语与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特征同主语及形容词Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.定语用来修饰名词或代词形，代，数，名,副，介词短语或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.宾语补足语逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系形容词，名词，介词短语等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！句子的分类分类说明例句简单句由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列连词（and,so,but,or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.Translatethesentences：1.Thenumberofthepassengerswhogotinjuredintheaccidentwas36.2.Isthisthehousewhich/thatyouboughtlastmonth?在这场事故中受伤的乘客的人数是36.这就是你上个月买的房子吗？3.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?你认识我们班上那个头发很短的女孩吗？TheAttributiveClause定语从句Goalsofthisclass:1.了解定语从句的定义。2.了解关系代词的实质和用法。3.学会使用which,that,who,whom4.探究whose的使用方法。一、什么是定语从句？1.定语：e.g.Lisaisaprettygirl.形容词ashoeshopanetbar名词Isawaninterestingmovielastnight.-ing形式Wemustsavetheanimalsindanger.介词短语Englishisalanguagespokenallovertheworld.过去分词对句子中的名词或代词进行修饰、限定，可由多种形式担任2.从句：BecausetheSmithshavelivedinthetownfornearly10years,theyknoweveryonehere.从句主句复合句在复合句中为主句服务，处于次要地位，作某种成分的句子。Ican’tunderstandwhatyou’resaying.宾语从句3.定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词作定语，处于次要地位的句子。Mainclause&theattributiveclause•Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold.()()•Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.()主句部分从句部分从句部分1.Thenumberofthepassengerswhogotinjuredintheaccidentwas36.2.Isthisthehousewhich/thatyouboughtlastmonth?3.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.themachinecanfly.Aplaneisamachinethat/which关系词引导定语从句的词叫什么呢？IworkandliveinaspacecapsuleItisaplace_______anastronautworksandliveswhereRelativepronouns:that,which,who,whomwhose,asRelativeadverbs:when,where,whyRelatives定语从句所修饰的词叫：先行词antecedent先行词和关系词的关系Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsareworkerscametoourclassyesterday.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy=whotheboy’s=whoseintheschool=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词1.Anastronautisapersonwhoworksandtravelsinspace.2.Spacecraftisavehiclethat/whichcantravelinspace.3.Spacecapsuleisaplacewhereanastronautworks.4.15thoct.2003wasthedaywhenYangLiweiwassentintotheskyantecedent先行词relativepronoun关系代词relativeadverb关系副词antecedent先行词Davidisakindperson.Healwayshelpsothers.DavidisakindpersonwhoalwayshelpsotherssubjectFunctionofrelativepronounsintheattributiveclauses.Ilikethegift.Hegotthegiftforme.Ilikethegiftwhichhegotforme.objectIsasmalltown.Itisnolongerasmalltown.Itisnolongerthesmalltownthatitusedtobe.predicativeHeisagreatboy.Hisnamewillberemembered.Heisagreatboywhosenamewillberemembered.attributeTheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisShenzhenadverbialIntheattributiveclauses,therelativewordsusuallyfunctionassubject,object,predicative,attribute,andadverbial.Functionofrelativepronounsintheattributiveclauses.指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom三、关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××ReadingaloudTheteacherpraisedthestudent.Thestudent'sEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.whose=thestudent’s关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格四、whose的用法Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousethewindowofthehouseisbrokenismine.Thehousethewindowofwhichisbrokenismine.所有格whose+名词the+名词+ofwhichPractice1.Themanhasretired.Themanismendingthemachine.Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasretired.2.WearetravelingtoKunming.ItisalsocalledtheSpringCity.WearetravelingtoKunming,whichisalsocalledtheSpringCity?3.Ilostthewatch.Ellagavemethewatchasagift.IlostthewatchthatEllagavemeasagiftPractice:1.Thissummer,Tommyreturnedtothevillage_______washisbirthplace.2.Thegirl______issingingasonginthenextroomismysister.3.Anyone_____didthisisunforgivable.4.October1isaday_____weChinesewillneverforget.5.Thehotel_____westayedatduringtheholidaystandsbytheseaside.6.Hehastwosons,bothof_____workasapoliceman.whichwhowhowhichwhichwhomPractice:Doyouknowtheboywhosemotherisourheadmaster?1.Doyouknowtheboy?Hismotherisourheadteacher.2.Ilikethehouse.Itsgardenisbeautiful.ThegardenofthehouseisbeautifulIlikethehousewhosegardenisbeautiful.Ilikethehousethegardenofwhichisbeautiful.3.Thehouse______facesouthbelongstoMr.Chen.A.whichB.thewindowsofwhichC.ofwhichwindowsD.whosewindowB总结：1.什么是定语从句？2.什么是先行词和引导词？3.关系代词代替的是什么？在从句中关系代词作成分吗？4.如何使用which,that,who,whom？5.whose的使用方法。Practice:1.Thosewerefinallyrescued.Theyweretrappedundertheruins.Thosewhoweretrappedundertheruinswerefinallyrescued.2.Wearelookingatthebuilding.Thebuildingusedtobeahospital.Thebuildingwhichwearelookingatusedtobeahospital.3.Themovieisin