外研版必修一module4

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必修一Module4一.词汇部分[写得准][用得活]1.prettyadv.很;相当2.soundvi.听起来3.bothervt.打扰;烦扰;麻烦4.approachvt.接近5.exchangevt.交换6.affordvt.买得起;有能力支付7.contactvt.联络;联系(某人)8.professionaladj.专业的9.manualadj.用手的;手的10.attractiveadj.有吸引力的;吸引人的→attractvt.吸引→attractionn.吸引;名胜11.fortunateadj.幸运的;吉祥的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地;吉祥地→fortunen.运气;财富12.touristn.旅游者;观光客→tourvt.&n.旅游;观光→tourismn.旅游业13.starvevi.饿死→starvationn.饿死;挨饿14.unemployedadj.失业的;没有工作的→unemploymentn.失业→employmentn.就业→employvt.雇佣→employern.雇主→employeen.雇员15.survivevi.死里逃生;大难不死→survivaln.幸存,幸存者→survivorn.幸存者用所给词的适当形式填空1.TheGreatWallisanattraction,_whosesceneryisveryattractive,_anditattractsalargenumberoftouristseveryday.(attractive)2.Itwasfortunateofthemtomakeafortunebytradingwithforeigners.Andmorefortunatelyforthem,theyweresupportedbythegovernment.(fortunate)3.Itissurprisingthattherearestillmanypeopleintheworldstarvingtodeatheachyear;thatis,manypeopledieofstarvation.(starve)4.Therewassuchgreatunemploymentinthecitythatsomeemployersarerequiredtoemploymoreemployees.(unemployed)5.Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.Whenthetwosurvivorswereinterviewed,theysaidtheirsurvivalwasawonder.(survive)6.Tourismisamainindustryofthisarea.Everyyearmillionsoftouristscomeheretoenjoyawonderful_tour.(tour)[写得准][用得活]1.put_up修建2.pay_back归还;偿还3.so_far/up_to_now/till_now到目前为止4.get_away_from摆脱5.a_great_many/a_number_of许多;大量6.as_a_result结果7.make_it做成,成功8.go_up上升9.at_weekends在周末10.get_rid_of摆脱11.in_the_south_of在……的南部选用左栏短语填空1.AtlastIpaid_backallthemoneyIborrowedfromhim.2.Alargebuildingwillbeput_upwheretherewasasquare.3.It'snicetoget_away_fromthenoisycityandcometothenaturalbeautyofthecountryside.4.Failuredoesn'tmeanyouwillnevermake_it;_itdoesmeanitwilltakealittlelongertime.二、语法部分一、现在完成时的构成基本形式:have\hasdone否定形式:have\hasnotdone被动形式:have\hasbeendone疑问形式:have\has+主语+done...?二、现在完成时的用法1.表示发生在过去并对现在仍然有影响的动作,常与时间状语just,recently,sofar,uptonow,tillnow,ever,never,already等连用。Chinahasalreadymadegreatprogressintechnology.IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimessofar.2.表示从过去某时开始延续到现在的动作或状态,常与时间状语for+时间段,since+过去的时间点\过去时的从句,thesedays,foralongtime,\over\inthepast\lastfewyears等连用。Mr.Zhanghastaughtherefor8years.IhaveworkedheresinceIgraduated.注意:这一用法只能用于有延续性动词,而come,go,leave,arrive,reach,return,borrow,lend,buy,receive,begin,start,die,marry等短暂性动词则不能表示从过去某时开始而延续到现在的动作或状态。三、现在完成时的特殊用法1.现在完成时用在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,可以表示将来,此时也可用一般现在时。we'llgotothecinemaiftherainhasstopped\stopsthisafternoon.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped\stops.2.用在特定句型中(1)It/This/Thatisthefirst/second...timethat从句(现在完成时)It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second...timethat从句(过去完成时)(2)Itis+一段时间+since...自从……以来多久了(3)Itwillbe+一段时间+before...多久之后才……(4)Itwon’tbelongbefore...不久就……(5)Itis(high)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到了某人做某事的时候了;该是做某事的时候了①ThiswasthelasttimethatIhadaskedyouformoney.②Johnthinksitwon’tbelongbeforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.③Itistimethatweshouldgotobed.2.(1)表示“自从……以来已有多长时间了”,常有两种时态:Ithasbeen/is+一段时间+since+一般过去时Itwas+一段时间+since+过去完成时(2)在本句式中,since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词,意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”;若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词,则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。(1)Itis/has_been(be)ayearsinceSusanbecameblind.(2)Itistwomonthssincehewasill.(3)Hisfirstnovelhas_received(receive)goodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情,不强调对现在的影响。2.现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,并对现在造成了影响或产生了结果,不与具体的过去的时间状语连用。1.(2016·北京,25)I________(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.2.(2015·北京,26)Inthelastfewyears,China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.3.(2015·重庆,13)Inmyhometown,thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheat________(cut).4.(2015·天津,9)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.5.(2014·江苏,23)—HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?—Well,themedia________(cover)itinavarietyofforms.6.(2015·吉林一中月考)Forthousandsofyears,thefestival________(mark)byeatingZongziandracingdragonboatsinhonourofQuYuan.7.(2015·宁夏银川一中月考)SofarI________(adopt)andtaughtchildrenforover35years.8.(2015·河南洛阳一高月考)IthinkChinesepeoplechoosechopsticks,ratherthanknivesandforks,becauseChinesepeople,undertheinfluenceofConfucianism,________(consider)knivesandforksassymbolizingatypeofviolencetraditionally.习题答案:1.haveread[考查时态。句意:我已经读完这本英文小说的一半了,我会争取在周末读完。前一分句表示到现在已经完成的动作,与现在有联系,故用现在完成时。]2.hasmade[句意:在最近的几年里,中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。由“inthelastfewyears”可知,此处应用现在完成时。]3.hasbeencut[句意:在我的家乡,当所有的小麦被收割完后,总有举行一个丰收晚宴。表示动作在前,要用完成时,且thewheat与动词cut之间为动宾语关系,故要用被动语态。after引导时间状语从句,在条件或时间状语从句中要用现在完成时代替将来完成时。]4.hasbeenreached[句意:尽管之前进行了几次谈判,但到目前为止双方没达成任何协议。考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语sofar可知此处要用现在完成时,主语agreement与动词reach之间为动宾关系,故要用现在完成时的被动形式。]5.havecovered6.hasbeenmarked[考查时态。由时间状语forthousandsofyears可知,谓语动词要用现在完成时,表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式进行庆祝。]7.haveadopted[考查时态。根据时间状语sofar“到目前为止”可知,该状语要与现在完成时连用。]8.处表示对现在造成的影响和结果,故要用现在完成时。]

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