酶工程课件整理

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Wewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany'sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunicationzeroresistance.ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensurezero.TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessofzerorisk.Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieveaccordingtolaw,standardizeandfair.Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployeeszerofly.Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersinfivetypeEnterpriseconstructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengtheningfourgoodleadershipconstruction利用设在基坑边的固定泵输送砼到施工面,人工摊铺,平板振捣器振捣密实,用刮杠沿模板顶将砼刮平,并用木抹搓平压实,确保砼密实和表面平整。砼浇注时埋设支立模板及钢筋支架所需预埋铁件playlevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentintheofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy!第一章绪论1.酶的概念:具有生物催化功能的生物大分子。2.酶的来源:适宜的细胞,在人工控制条件的生物反应器中生产各种所需的酶。3.主要目标:经过预先设计,通过人工操作,获得人们所需的酶,并通过各种方法使酶发挥其催化功能。4.酶分类可采用4位标码:第一位:属于六大类中的哪一类;第二位:属于该大类中的哪一亚类;第三位:该亚类中的哪一小类:第四位:具体酶在该小类中的序号。5.六大类酶:(1)氧化-还原酶:氧化-还原酶催化氧化-还原反应。主要包括脱氢酶(dehydrogenase)和氧化酶(Oxidase)。另有过氧化物酶,氧合酶,细胞色素氧化酶等(2)转移酶:转移酶催化基团转移反应,即将一个底物分子的基团或原子转移到另一个底物的分子上。(3)水解酶:水解酶催化底物的加水分解反应。主要包括淀粉酶、蛋白酶、核酸酶及脂酶等。(4)裂合酶:它能催化一个分子分成两个或多个分子,当然也可将两个或多个分子变成一个分子。裂合酶催化从底物分子中移去一个基团或原子形成双键的反应及其逆反应。主要包括醛缩酶、水化酶及脱氨酶等。(5)异构酶:异构酶催化各种同分异构体的相互转化,即底物分子内基团或原子的重排过程。与转移酶不同,异构酶催化的是分子内部的基团转移(注意!!!)(6)合成酶:又称为连接酶,能够催化C-C、C-O、C-N以及C-S键的形成反应。这类反应必须与ATP分解反应相互偶联。特点是需要三磷酸腺苷等高能磷酸酯作为结合能源,有的还需要金属离子辅助因子。6.核酸类酶的分类与命名:核酶本身是一种RNA,但它可特异性催化某个反应,特别是识别和剪切RNA的某个位点。据酶催化反应的类型分为:剪切酶、剪接酶、多功能酶据酶催化的底物分为:分子内催化(自我剪切酶、自我剪接酶)、分子间催化(RNA剪切酶、DNA剪切酶、多糖剪接酶、多肽剪切酶、氨基酸酯剪切酶、多功能R酶)7.酶分析:以酶为分析对象,目的是检测食品、药物体液等生物样品中酶的含量或活性。8.酶分析包括两种类型:一是以酶为分析对象的分析,即一般所说的“酶活力测定”;二是以酶为分析工具或分析试剂的分析,称为“酶法分析”。前者的目的在于检测生物样品中某种酶的含量或活性;后者则主要用于测定与生物学有关样品中酶以外其他物质的含量。(1)原理:都是利用酶的专一性、高效催化反应,通过酶反应速度的测定而检测相应的含量;在方法上也都有一个选择适宜反应条件和测定方法,以获得准确可靠的结果的问题。酶法分析:是一种以酶为分析工具(分析试剂)的分析法,分析的对象可以是底物、辅酶、活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