Introduction to Alice_Walker & everyday use

IntroductiontoAliceWalker&everydayuseAliceWalker•AliceWalkerisanAmericannovelist,short-storywriter,poet,essayist,andactivist.Hermostfamousnovel,TheColorPurple,wasawardedthePulitzerPrize普利策奖andtheNationalBookAward全国图书in1983.AliceWalker‘screativevisionisrootedintheeconomichardship,racialterrorism,andfolkwisdomofAfricanAmericanlifeandculture,particularlyintheruralSouth.Herwritingexploresmultidimensional(多面的)kinshipamongwomen,amongmenandwomen,amonghumansandanimals,andembracestheredemptive9（挽回的）powerofsocial,spiritualandpoliticalrevolution.BriefIntroductionEarlyLife•WalkerwasborninEatonton,Georgia,theyoungestofeightchildren,toWillieLeeWalkerandMinnieLouTallulahGrant.Herfather,whowas,inherwords,wonderfulatmathbutaterriblefarmer,earnedonly$300ayearfromsharecroppinganddairyfarming,whilehermothersupplementedthefamilyincomebyworkingasamaid.•LivingunderJimCrowLaws,Walker'smotherhadstruggleswithlandlordswhoexpectedthechildrenofblacksharecropperstoworkthefieldsatayoungage.Whenshewasfouryearsold,Alicewasenrolledinthefirstgrade,ayearaheadofschedule.•Growingupwithanoraltradition,listeningtostoriesfromhergrandfather(themodelforthecharacterforMr.inTheColorPurple),Walkerwaswriting—veryprivately—sinceshewaseightyearsold.Withmyfamily,Ihadtohidethings,shesaid.AndIhadtokeepalotinmymind.•In1952,WalkerwasaccidentallywoundedintherighteyebyashotfromaBBgunfiredbyoneofherbrothers.Thenshewaspermanentlyblindinthateye,feltlikeanoutcastandsheturnedforsolacetoreadingandtowritingpoetry.shesubsequentlybecamevaledictorian（作告别演说者）andwasvotedmost-populargirl,aswellasqueenofherseniorclass,sherealizedthathertraumaticinjuryhadsomevalue:itallowedhertobeginreallytoseepeopleandthings,reallytonoticerelationshipsandtolearntobepatientenoughtocareabouthowtheyturnedout,asshehassaid.Activism•AliceWalkermetMartinLutherKingJr.whenshewasastudentatSpelmanCollegeinAtlantaintheearly1960s.WalkercreditsKingforherdecisiontoreturntotheAmericanSouthasanactivistfortheCivilRightsMovement.Sheattendedthefamous1963MarchonWashington.AsayoungadultshevolunteeredhertimeregisteringvotersinGeorgiaandMississippi•OnMarch8,2003,InternationalWomen'sDay,ontheeveoftheIraqWar,AliceWalker,MaxineHongKingston,authorofTheWomanWarrior,andTerryTempestWilliams,authorofAnUnspokenHungerwerearrestedalongwith24othersforcrossingapolicelineduringananti-warprotestrallyoutsidetheWhiteHouse.WalkerwroteabouttheexperienceinheressayWeAretheOnesWeHaveBeenWaitingFor.“•InNovember2008,AliceWalkerwroteAnOpenLettertoBarackObamathatwaspublishedonTheroot.com.InMarch2009,AliceWalkertraveledtoGazaalongwithagroupof60otherfemaleactivistsfromtheanti-wargroupCodePink,inresponsetothecontroversialIsraelioffensiveofDecember2008-January2009.Thepurposeofthetripwastodeliveraid,tomeetwithNGOsandresidents,andtopersuadeIsraelandEgypttoopentheirbordersintoGaza.SheplannedtovisitGazaagaininDecember2009toparticipateintheGazaFreedomMarchNovelsandshortstorycollections•TheThirdLifeofGrangeCopeland(1970)•InLoveandTrouble:StoriesofBlackWomen(1973)•Meridian(1976)•TheColorPurple(1982)•YouCan'tKeepaGoodWomanDown:Stories(1982)•ToHellWithDying(1988)•TheTempleofMyFamiliar(1989)•FindingtheGreenStone(1991)•PossessingtheSecretofJoy(1992)•TheCompleteStories(1994)•ByTheLightofMyFather'sSmile(1998)•TheWayForwardIswithaBrokenHeart(2000)•NowIsTheTimetoOpenYourHeart(2005)•Devil'sMyEnemy(2008Poetrycollections•Once(1968)•RevolutionaryPetuniasandOtherPoems(1973)•GoodNight,WillieLee,I'llSeeYouintheMorning(1979)•HorsesMakeaLandscapeLookMoreBeautiful(1985)•HerBlueBodyEverythingWeKnow:EarthlingPoems(1991)•AbsoluteTrustintheGoodnessoftheEarth(2003)•APoemTraveledDownMyArm:PoemsAndDrawings(2003)•CollectedPoems(2005)•PoematThirty-NineNon-fiction•InSearchofOurMothers'Gardens:WomanistProse(1983)•LivingbytheWord(1988)•WarriorMarks(1993)•TheSameRiverTwice:HonoringtheDifficult(1996)•AnythingWeLoveCanBeSaved:AWriter'sActivism(1997)•GoGirl!:TheBlackWoman'sBookofTravelandAdventure(1997)•PemaChodronandAliceWalkerinConversation(1999)•SentByEarth:AMessagefromtheGrandmotherSpiritAftertheBombingoftheWorldTradeCenterandPentagon(2001)•WeAretheOnesWeHaveBeenWaitingFor(2006)•MississippiWinterIV•OvercomingSpeechlessness(2010)Selectawardsandhonors•PulitzerPrizeforFictionforColorPurple(1983)(firstblackwoman).•NationalBookAward(Firstblackwoman)•O.HenryAwardforKindredSpirits1985.•HonoraryDegreefromtheCaliforniaInstituteoftheArts(1995)•AmericanHumanistAssociationnamedherasHumanistoftheYear(1997)•TheLillianSmithAwardfromtheNationalEndowmentfortheArts•TheRosenthalAwardfromtheNationalInstituteofArts&Letters•TheRadcliffeInstituteFellowship,theMerrillFellowship,andaGuggenheimFellowship•TheFrontPageAwardforBestMagazineCriticismfromtheNewswoman'sClubofNewYork•InductiontotheCaliforniaHallofFameinTheCaliforniaMuseumforHistory,Women,andtheArts(2006)TheColorPurple(1982)•Itreceivedthe1983PulitzerPrizeforFictionandtheNationalBookAward.Itwaslateradaptedintoafilmandmusicalofthesamename.•TakingplacemostlyinruralGeorgia,thestoryfocusesonfemaleblacklifeduringthe1930sintheSouthernUnitedStates,addressin