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Unit1TheEarthatRiskPartⅠGettingreadyenvironment：环境natural：自然globe：地球protecting：保护attempt：尝试，打算，企图Amazon/'mzn/：亚马逊cutdown：砍伐burning：烧荒treeremoval：砍树TheWorldWildlifeFund：世界野生动物基金会rainforest：雨林towels：毛巾nylon：尼伦，化纤defrost：去霜boilaway：煮干cutout：关掉fullload：满载fridge：冰箱lighting：灯（光）iron：熨斗；熨（衣服）Rough-dry：晾干(不熨）kettle：烧水壶thermostat：恒温（设置）器brim：壶口；注满wallfire：壁炉ring：（烧烤）环grill：烧烤架satellite：卫星Theenvironmentisthenaturalworldofland,sea,air,plants,andanimalsthatexistsaroundtownsandcities.Sincethereisonlyoneglobewherewe'reliving,moreandmorepeoplehavecometorealizetheimportanceofprotectingthetotalglobalenvironment.AThefollowingwordsandphraseswillappearinthisunit.Listencarefullyandstudythedefinitions.1.viciouscircle：asetofeventsinwhichcauseandeffect'followeachotherinacircularpattern2.monsoonseason：theseasonofheavyrainsthatfallinIndiaandneighboringcountries3.hygiene：thestudyandpracticeofhowtokeepgoodhealth,esp.bypayingattentiontocleanliness4.accelerate：(causeto)moveorgofaster5.fossilfuel：anynaturallyoccurringcarbonorhydrocarbonfuel,suchascoal,petroleum,peat,andnaturalgas,formedbythedecompositionofprehistoricorganisms6.latitude：ameasureofrelativepositionnorthorsouthontheEarth'ssurface,measuredindegreesfromtheequator,whichhasalatitudeof0°,withthepoleshavingalatitudeof90°northandsouth.7.contamination：theactofpollutingorthestateofbeingpolluted8.hierarchy：asysteminwhichpeopleorthingsarearrangedaccordingtotheirimportance9.priority：somethinggivenspecialorpriorattention10.watershed：aridgeofhighgroundformingadividebetweentwodifferentdrainagebasinsorriversystemsortheregionenclosedbysuchadivideanddrainingintoariver,riversystem,orotherbodyofwater.BYouaregoingtohearashortspeech.Listencarefullyandwritedowntheenvironmentalissuesmentionedinthespeech.burningoftheforests/treeremoval(deforestation)/reductionoftheworld'srainforestsAudioscript:TheAmazonforestsaredisappearingbecauseofincreasedburningandtreeremoval.InSeptember,satellitepicturesshowedmorethan20000firesburningintheAmazon.Expertssaymostofthesefiresweresetbyfarmers.Thefarmerswereattemptingtoclearlandtogrowcrops.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysanotherseriousproblemisthattoomanytreesintheAmazonrainforestarebeingcutdown.WorldWildlifeFundsaysthefiresshowtheneedforurgentinternationalactiontoprotecttheworld'srainforests.Thegroupwarnsthatwithoutsuchactionsomeforestscouldbelostforever.Nowadaysenergyistooexpensivetowaste.Itcoststhecountry,andyou,toomuch.Whathaveyoudonetoconserveexistingenergyresources?Herearesometipstohelpyouslimyourwaste—saveenergy.Alwaysrememberthatenergysenseiscommonsense.CNowlistentosomesimpletipstohelpyousaveenergy.Completethedosanddon'ts.DosDon'ts●Rough-dryyourtowelsandnylonthings.●Cutoutunnecessarylighting.●Dowithoutawall-fireifyoucan.●Defrostthefridgeregularly.●Beforeusingyourwashingmachine,waituntilyou'veafullload.●Cookacompletemealintheovenandsaveitontheringsandgrill.●Don'tattempttoironeverything.●Don'tturntheironuptoohigh.●Don'tleavethekettletoboilaway.●Don'tfillthekettletothebrimforonlyacupoftea●Don'tputhotfoodinthefridge.Audioscript:●Don'tattempttoironeverything.Rough-dryyourtowelsandnylonthings.Trustthethermostatonyouriron—don'tturnituptoohigh.●Don'tleavethekettletoboilaway.Anddon'tfillittothebrimforonlyacupoftea!●Cutoutunnecessarylighting.Everylittlehelps.●Saveitonheating.Dowithoutawall-fireifyoucan.●Defrostthefridgeregularly.Icebuild-upwastesfuel.Don'tputhotfoodineither—ifyoudo,thefridgehastoworkovertime.●Itmakesenergysensetowaituntilyou'veafullloadbeforeusingyourwashingmachine.●Cookacompletemealintheovenandsaveitontheringsandgrill.Roastchicken,veg,andbakedsweettofollow?Italladdsup.Themoreenergyyousave,themoremoneyyousave.That'sgoodhousekeeping!Whenwelistentotheweatherforecasts,weoftencomeacrosssometermsrelatedwiththeweather.Forexample,whatisacyclone?Whatisahurricane?Aretheythesame?Hereistheexplanation.DListentotheexplanationaboutdifferentweatherterms.Completetheinformationinthechart.NamePlaceTimeOceanstormNorthernpartofworld;nearequatorLatesummerorautumnCycloneNorthorsouthofequatorintheIndianOcean/TyphoonWesternPacificOceanortheChinaSea/HurricaneEasternPacificandAtlanticOcean/Audioscript:Majoroceanstormsinthenorthernpartoftheworldusuallydevelopinlatesummerorautumnoverwatersneartheequator.Theyareknownbyseveraldifferentnames.ScientistscallthesestormscycloneswhentheyhappenjustnorthorsouthoftheequatorintheIndianOcean.InthewesternPacificOceanortheChinaSea,thesestormsarecalledtyphoons.IntheeasternPacificandAtlanticOcean,theyarecalledhurricanes.PartIITheEarthatRisk(I)choppeddown：砍倒nutrients：养分，养料instantly：立即，马上recycled：回收利用clear-cut：砍光soil：土壤driesup：（晒）干washesthesoilaway：把土壤冲走ｄｏｃｕｍｅｎｔaries：纪录片expand：扩展continent：大陆atrisk：有危险stabilize：（使）稳定impact：冲击，撞击;影响atanalarmingrate：以惊人的速度blowaway：吹掉theSaharaDesert：撒哈拉沙漠（非洲北部）unproductive：不毛的;没有产物的cutdown：砍伐consequently：所以，因此available：可获得的Mali：马里grasslands：草原intensive：集约的；加强的agriculture：农业intensiveagriculture：集约农业region：地区tropical：热带ranches：大牧场cattle：牛，牲口;畜生beraised：饲养export：出口tinnedmeat：罐头肉Brazil：巴西thesizeofBritainandFrancecombined：大小是英法两国合起