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35620176StudiesinScienceofScienceVol．35No．6Jun．20171003－2053201706－0834－08100190NetworkAnalysis“”。“”“”“”。“”“”“”。F062．4A①“”。2016－11－242017－01－11716721841957－。1980－。E-mailwusheng12b@mail．ucas．cn。1985－。1。。“”2。3。“”。2010－2014150088①。2010－20141500596%。“polycentricdecentralizedＲ＆D”4。“polycentricdecentralizedＲ＆D”。“”。－、－“”“integratedＲ＆Dnetwork”。“”“－”。。－－。1。DeMeyer5。ImaiBaba6。HelbleChong7DOI:10.16192/j.cnki.1003-2053.2017.06.005653。。20DeSollaPrice8Zuckerman9Allen10socialnetworks。2080。BozemanCorley11LeendersDolfsma12Gilsing13Pinheiro14。DePratoNepelski15。DePratoNepelski。。。DePratoNepelski。。2“”16。1。11．2011·2．2015PSNCPSNC－HuaweiHPC、、。·3．2009··4．19992013。···5．2012、。···6．2014。。。··7．2008。5G。2015。···8．2001、。20163。···9．20003G。····538·35110．20101020119。2013。····11．2009。、、IP、。····②12．2013。···③13．2015。·14．2011。。。··15．1999。、··④16．20082016ICT。·17．20132。。···。②、、、。。③。。④。4917。512。3。45。1T2H3G4C5M2。2MCMGTHHMHGTHHMTTT317。。·638·6USP-TO。1998assignee17。2427010。17、、403。3BＲ1JP18PL6TＲ1DE41ES0ＲU0HU0FI4IT5FＲ8IN3CA7ID0US83GB16SE49UCINET6．01。1。。。14Isolates、、。4·738·35。components2。4、12345689101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172419982009。2009。2010、、。。2011－2012·838·6、。2013－2014。、、、。、。2015－2016、、、、。isolates、、com-ponents。268。2T。2012－2013。2014－2015。52012－2013。52200920．00041．41%1．0E+00387110．028201070．00162．74%0．0006820．042201190．00202．70%0．0006740．0422012140．00434．85%0．0006240．0972013490．03647．34%0．8662330．6112014580．06385．95%1．1311620．7782015630．07865．59%1．4641120．8472016680．08885．85%1．932620．9174。17“”“”“”。、、、“”、。。。6。6THGCM20092200002010660000201188000020121090100201340312241201458484222201563475362201668407362·938·35226、T、H、G、CM。2T。20092010100%T。。2011－2012T2011T100%。2012G、。2013－2014。T。GHM。“”“”。“”“”“”“”“”。。“”1。23、。·048·6⑤。12。“”。⑥TH、GC、、M“”Cordell24。“”“”。⑤《》17。⑥OdagiriYasuda16demandfactor。5。。“”。1NarulaＲ．TechnologyandGlobalizationInterdepend-enceInnovationSystemsandIndustrialPolicyM．CambridgeUKPolityPress2003．2ＲheeJHChengJLC．ForeignmarketuncertaintyandincrementalinternationalexpansionThemoderatingeffectoffirmindustryandhostcountryfactorsJ．ManagementInternationalＲeview20024210419－439．3SunYufeiVonMaximilianZFredSD．GlobalizationofＲ＆DandChinaAnintroductionJ．AsiaPacificBusinessＲeview2007133311－319．4GassmannOZedtwitzMV．NewconceptsandtrendsininternationalＲ＆DorganizationJ．ＲesearchPoli-cy1999282－3231－250．5DeMeyerA．ManagementofaninternationalnetworkofindustrialＲ＆DlaboratoriesJ．Ｒ＆DManagement1993232109－120．6ImaiKBabaY．SystematicinnovationandcrossbordernetworksA．TranscendingMarketsandHierarchiestoCreateaNewTechno－economicSystemC．ParisOCDE1989．7HelbleYChongLC．TheimportanceofinternalandexternalＲ＆DnetworklinkagesforＲ＆DorganizationsEvidencefromSingaporeJ．Ｒ＆DManagement2004345605－612．8DeSollaPriceDJ．NetworksofscientificpapersJ．Science19651493683510－515．9ZuckermanH．NobellaureatesinsciencePatternsofproductivitycollaborationandauthorshipJ．Ameri-canSociologicalＲeview1967391－403．10AllenTJ．ManagingtheFlowofTechnologyTechnologyTransferandtheDisseminationofTechnologicalInforma-tionwithintheＲandDOrganizationM．MitPressBooks1984．11BozemanBCorleyE．Scientists’collaborationstrate-giesImplicationsforscientificandtechnicalhumancapitalJ．ＲesearchPolicy2004334599－616．12LeendersＲTAJDolfsmaWA．SocialnetworksforinnovationandnewproductdevelopmentJ．JournalofProductInnovationManagement2016332123－131．13GilsingVCloodtMＲoijakkersN．FrombirththroughtransitiontomaturationTheevolutionoftechnologybasedalliancenetworksJ．JournalofProductInnova-tionManagement2016332181－200．862·148·352316－323．31OkuboSＲobbinsCAMoylanCEetal．BEA’s2006researchanddevelopmentsatelliteaccountJ．SurveyofCurrentBusiness20068614－27．32SharmaSCSylwesterKMargonoH．DecompositionoftotalfactorproductivitygrowthinUSstatesJ．TheQuarterlyＲeviewofEconomicsandFinance2007472215－241．33ArellanoMBondS．Sometestsofspecificationforpan-eldataMonteCarloevidenceandanapplicationtoem-ploymentequationsJ．TheＲeviewofEconomicStud-ies1991582277－297．34．FDIJ．2008820－31．35．Ｒ＆DJ．2009968－81．ComparativestudyoftheimpactＲ＆DstructureonTFPbetweenChinaandtheUSWANGXiao－rao1LIHong－yang21．PostdoctoralＲesearchStationofＲenminUniversityPostdoctoralＲesearchinstituteofIndustrialandCommercialbankofChinaBeijing100872China2．DepartmentofInternationalEconomicsandTradeNankaiUniversityTianjin300071ChinaAbstractInthispaperweused30provincesdataofchinafrom1998to2011andpaneldataof50statesofAmericafrom1987to2011andanalyzedofthedifferencebetweenthetwocountriesabouthowdifferentＲ＆DdepartmentsimpactthetotalfactorproductivityviadynamicGMMModel．TheresultsshowthatinChinathestrongestimpactisfromindustrialenterprisesandthentheresearchin-stitutionanduniversities．Meanwhilecollegesanduniversities’Ｒ＆DinputoftheUnitedStatesimpactonTFPthemosthardlyfol-lowedbyenterprisethelastisthefederalgovernment＇sresearchinstitutions．IngeneralwithrespecttotherelativematurityofthetechnologyresearchanddevelopmentsystemintheUSChina＇scollegesanduniversitiesarereceivedinsufficientemphasisinＲ＆Dthereisstillmuchroomforimprovementininter－sectoralloc