从人工智能看科学哲学的创新

:1000-8934(2002)02-0009-0312(11;21,310028):,,,,,,,,,:;;;;:N02:A:2001-10-08:(1955-),,,;(1968-),,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,1956,(M1Minsky),(H1Simon)(J1Mccarthy),,,,1:(),,,,80,,,,,,,2,80,,,,,,()3,,,,2,:,,4,,,,,,,(),,918220022StudiesinDialecticsofNatureVol.18,No.2Feb.,2002©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()5,,,,,,,,()(),,,,,,,:,(),,,,,6,,,,,,,(,),,(),()7,,,,,,(N1Hebb),,8,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3,,,9(,),10,60:,(),,,,,11,:,(),,,,,,,01182©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,,,12,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,13;14;()15,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,()(),,,,,,4,,,,,,,(),,(,),,,,,,,,,(41)11©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:[J].,2000(2):19-23.7.[M].:,1999.15,17.RiseofTechnologyStudiesandItsRelationwithPhilosophyofTechnologyandHistoryofTechnologyWANGXu2kun,CHENYue(SchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences,DalianUniversityofTechnology,Dalian116024,China)Abstract:Technologystudiesisageneraldesignationofaseriesofdisciplineswhichregardstechnologyastheirresearchobject,anditisaninterdis2ciplinarysubcategorybetweenhumanitiesandsocialsciencesandnaturalsciences.Accordingtothedisciplinestructureofsciencestudiesandthebranchdisciplineoftechnologystudies,theauthorsdividedthebranchdisciplineintechnologystudiesintothetheoreticaltechnologystudies,specialtechnologystudiesandappliedtechnologystudies.Experiencingalongtimeofbreeding,technologystudieshasanaffinitytophilosophyoftechnolo2gyandhistoryoftechnology.Besidesthedifferencesontheresearchsight-angleandthebasiccontent,therearealsosomecommonresearchpro2jectsamongthetechnologystudies,thephilosophyoftechnologyandthehistoryoftechnology.Keywords:technologystudies;philosophyoftechnology;historyoftechnology;studiesofscienceandtechnology;systemofscientificknowledge()(11)16,(),,,,,,,5,,,,,,,20,,,,,,1NilsJNilsson1[M]1,2000181212ArtificialIntelligence[J]1Vol147199111-93137,1[M]1,1996162-6514,1[M]1,198719156DGillies1ArtificialIntelligenceandscientificmethod[M]1OxfordUniversityPress,1996117,39,114181[M]1,1986149191[M]1,198116110131[M]1,1990154-56,285-298111151[M]1,19871781521141[M]1,198711971161[M]1,1987157-2311InnovationofPhilosophyofsciencefromtheViewpointofAISHENGXiao2ming1;XIANGHou2jun2(1.DepartmentofPhilosohy,ZhejiangUniversity;21HumanismSchool,Hangzhou310028,China)Abstract:WiththehistoryofAIasitsstartingpoint,andwithreevaluationandreviewofthetheoriesofseveralmainschoolinscienceofphiloso2phy,thethesisdiscoverssomequestionswhichwouldhaveremainedundiscoveredinthestudyconductedwiththetraditionalscienceasitsback2ground,andholdstheviewthatfromepistemologyandmethodologythepointofview,thefunctionofthesetheroieshavetosomeextentbeenweak2ened,inordertofacethechallengeofthenewscience,scienceofphilosophyshouldchangeitsresearchbackgroundandtoreturnofthehistoryofnewscience,obtaininguponthisbasisasoveralltheoreticinnovation.Keywords:artificialintelligence;scienceofphilosophy;falsification;paradigm;pluralism()14©1994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.