斯伦贝谢petrel教程2

FunctionalInterpolationSummaryStrengths:MaybeusedtoextractatrendfromthedataMediumfastWeaknesses:Mayfailiffewdatapoints10Onlyrecommendedifmorethan20datapointsarepresentasinputSequentialGaussianSimulationOverviewTheSequentialGaussianSimulationisastochasticmethodofinterpolationbasedonKriging,itcanhonorinputdata,inputdistributions,variogramsandtrends.Bycreatingmultiplerealizations,SGScanbeusedtogainanunderstandingofuncertaintyThealgorithmusesGSLIBdirectly(GeostatisticalSoftwareLibrary)SequentialGaussianSimulationPrinciplesAnisotropyrangeandorientation―Range―AzimuthVariogram―Type–Exponential–Spherical–Gaussian―Sill―NuggetSequentialGaussianSimulationPrinciplesOutputdatarange―Theexpecteddataoutputrangeoftheresult―Min/Max―Relative―Absolute―Ifnoinputdataispresent,usingrelative%willfailSequentialGaussianSimulationPrinciplesDistribution―FromInputdata–Distributionisaccordingtoinputdata―Normaldistribution–Useifthereisnoinputdataforunconditionalsimulation–Usesameanandstd.dev.definedbytheuserorestimated.SequentialGaussianSimulationPrinciplesOther―Seed–Definesthestartfortherandomnumbergenerationinthealgorithm–Usingthesameseednumbergeneratesthesameresults–IfnotsetbytheuseritwillberandomlygeneratedSequentialGaussianSimulationInfluenceofVariogramMajor=5000Minor=1500Orientation=38Major=minorOrientation=0SequentialGaussianSimulationInfluenceofdistributionNormaldistributionMean=-3180Std=10NormaldistributionMean=-3180Std=71SequentialGaussianSimulationSummaryStrengths:SuitabletomakeastochasticsurfaceforuncertaintymodelingWeaknesses:Producesa”fuzzy”pictureandmayneedsmoothingNottobeusedforordinaryinputlikeseismicinterpretatione.g.AssigntoclosestpointOverviewThisfunctionusestheclosestinputpointforthecreatedsurface.FastwayofgettinganideaoftheinfluenceareaofthedatapointsArtificialAlgorithmsOverviewFivedifferentmethods,withdifferentinterpolationsettings,canbeusedtocreateanartificialsurface.Theseare:―Constantvalue―Fractal―Plane―Areas―ChannelsArtificialAlgorithmsPrinciplesFractalCratesasurfacewithz-valuesbetweenminandmax―Exponent–Numberoffractalrowsandcolumsbetween2and10.Ahighernumber-moredetail―Hurstfactor–Degreeofvarianceinsmallscalebetween0.3and3.0.Ahighernumbergivesasmoothersurface―Seed–ForrandomnumbergenerationArtificialAlgorithmsPrinciplesConstant―Produceasurfacewiththegivenz-valuePlane―Createsasurfacebasedondipandazimuth―X,Y,ZcanbeanypointintheplanebutxandyneedtobeinsidethegridlimitArtificialAlgorithmsPrinciplesAreas―Produceasurfacewithdifferentz-valueinsideandoutsideaclosedpolygonChannels―Createsachannalprofile―Inputwillbelines/polygonstoindicatethemidpointinthechannelsSurfaceResamplingOverviewThisoptionallowstheresamplingofapreviouslycreatedsurfacetoagivensizeandresolution.Iftheinitialsurfaceisnotpresentthroughoutthegridareathenaglobalextrapolationwillbeusedtofillinthegaps.MinimumCurvatureorFullTensionMakesurfacesExerciseBuild2DgridsandtestdifferentalgorithmsSurfaceeditingandoperationsSurfaceeditingandoperationsLectureandexercisepurposePurpose:Tolearnmethodsforadjustingandcleaninga2Dgrid;theorderofimplementationandoperationsforincorporatingstratigraphicrelationships.Youwilllearnhowto:PerformPreProcessingPerformPostprocessingLightlysmooththeentiregridLocallysmoothpartsofagridFillholesinagridBlankportionsofagridInteractivelyeditagridTieagridtothepointsitrepresentsTruncateonegridbyanotherBaselaponegridontoanotherSurfaceeditingandoperationsPreProcessingHelpcleaningupthedatabeforetheMakeSurfaceprocessRefinethepolygons–Ifpolygonsareusedasinput,theycanbepopulatedandsmoothedwithoutchangingoriginalfile.Covertpolygonstodirectionvalue–Usepolygon’sX-Yorientationtocreategridwithvaluesrepresentingthatorientation.Trendsurface–Useasurfaceasatrendtoguidegridding.SurfaceeditingandoperationsPostProcessingSmoothpriortoclippingApplyclipping–Usuallytruncate–SetvaluesinabsoluteorpercentSmoothafterclippingInitialPre-SmoothTruncatedEliminatedPost-SmoothSurfaceeditingandoperationsRetieto3DgridmapsdataEditsandpostprocessingmaycreateaneedtore-tietodataGotowelladjustmenttabInsertWellTopstotieSelectGlobalAdjustent–CheckUseinfluenceradiusandsetvalue(avoidsextrapolationproblems)CheckMakeWellreportallowsreviewingresultsCreateresidualsurfaceandpointsInitialPost-processingWellAdjustmentCreatesurfacesfroma3DmodelExamplesStructuralmapsfromthehorizonsIsochoremapsfromthezones–Fromoneormultiplezones–PossibletotakeerosionintoaccountThicknessmapsfromtheproperties–Averagemaps(zoneorwholeproperty)–Volumeheightmaps(paymaps)(zoneorwholeproperty)–Netmaps(zoneorwholeproperty)–SurfaceattributemapsCreatesurfacesfroma3DmodelStructuremaps(directly)A.OpenaNewMapWindowB.Checkboxinfrontofhorizonin3DgridtobedisplayedC.CheckboxinfrontofFaultsfolderD.AdjustFaultfiltersothatonlytheselectedhorizonischecked.E.AdjustFaultfolder’sstyletabtodisplaylinesandnotsolidsCreatesurfacesfroma3DmodelStructuremaps(2Dgridextraction)Doubleclickonthehorizoninthe3DGridGototheOperationstabCheckFillinfaultedareasClickonMakeSurfacebutton2DgridisstoredinInputtabanddisplayedinMapWindowjustas3DGrid’shorizonsare