风化煤及腐殖酸的活化方法研究

河北联合大学轻工学院QINGGONGCOLLEGE,HEBEIUNITEDUNIVERSITY毕业论文论文题目：风化煤及腐植酸的活化方法研究风化煤及腐植酸的活化方法研究风化煤及腐植酸的活化方法研究风化煤及腐植酸的活化方法研究学生姓名：闫婷学号：200915100219200915100219200915100219200915100219专业班级：09090909应用化学2222班学部：材料化工部指导教师：孙晓然孙晓然孙晓然孙晓然教授教授教授教授2013年6月5日摘要I摘要风化煤及腐植酸在农业、工业、医疗等领域具有重要作用。为了提高风化煤及腐植酸在各大型领域中的应用效果，从而要将风化煤及腐植酸活化，以增加其中的羧基、羟基、酚羟基等的含量。本文研究了活化剂种类、活化剂浓度、时间、温度对风化煤及腐植酸活化情况的影响，结果表明，用浓硫酸活化风化煤时，随着活化剂浓度的增加、活化时间的延长、温度的提高，风化煤中总腐植酸含量均有提高的趋势，且活化的最佳条件为活化剂浓度12%、时间5d、温度40℃；用过氧化氢活化腐殖酸时，随着活化剂浓度的增加、活化时间的延长，腐植酸中总酸性基和羧基含量均会增加，且活化的最佳条件为活化剂浓度1:0.4(即过氧化氢质量分数为21.43%)，时间5d。最后用红外光谱进行验证，说明活化的风化煤及腐植酸中的羧基、羟基、酚羟基等基团的含量都有增加的趋势。关键词：活化剂浓度；腐植酸；风化煤；温度；时间AbstractIIAbstractWeatheringcoalandhumicacidintheagricultural,industrial,medicalandotherfieldshasanimportantrole.Inordertoimprovetheweatheringcoalandhumicacidapplicationinthefieldofmajoreffect,thustoweatheringcoalandhumicacidactivation,inordertoincreasethecontentofcarboxyl,hydroxyl,phenolichydroxylgroup,etc.Inthispaper,theactivatorspecies,activatorconcentration,timeandtemperatureontheactivationofweatheredcoalandofhumic,theresultsshowthatactivationofweatheredcoalwithconcentratedsulfuricacid,withtheactivatorconcentrationincreases,activationtime,thetemperatureincreased,thetotalweatheredcoalhumicacidcontentwereincreasedtrend,andoptimalconditionsforactivationactivatorconcentrationof12%,time5d,thetemperature40℃.Humicacidactivationofhydrogenperoxide,withtheincreaseofconcentrationoftheactivator,activationtime,thehumicacidgroupandacarboxylgroupcontentoftotalwillincrease,andtheoptimumconditionsfortheactivationoftheactivatorconcentration1:0.4(themassfractionofhydrogenperoxide,21.43%),thetime5d.Finallyverifiedbyinfraredspectroscopy,indicatingtheactivationofhumicacidweatheredcoalandthecarboxylgroup,ahydroxylgroup,aphenolichydroxylgroupcontenthasanincreasingtrend.KeywordsKeywordsKeywordsKeywordsactivatorconcentration;humicacid;weatheringcoal;temperature;time目录III目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II1绪论............................................................................................................................11.1风化煤的简介.....................................................................................................11.1.1风化煤的定义...............................................................................................11.1.2风化煤的特点...............................................................................................11.1.3风化煤的性质...............................................................................................11.2腐植酸的简介.....................................................................................................21.2.1腐植酸的研究历史.......................................................................................21.2.2腐植酸的结构及定义....................................................................................21.2.3腐植酸的物化性质.......................................................................................31.2.4腐植酸的应用分类.......................................................................................31.2.5腐植酸的主产地区.......................................................................................41.2.6腐植酸的行业现状.......................................................................................41.3风化煤中腐植酸的形成过程.............................................................................41.4风化煤及腐植酸的国内外进展.........................................................................51.5风化煤及腐植酸的应用领域及作用.................................................................61.5.1风化煤腐植酸对土壤的改良作用................................................................61.5.2风化煤腐植酸类肥料....................................................................................71.5.3风化煤腐植酸具有植物生长调节剂的作用................................................71.5.4风化煤腐植酸作水煤浆添加剂....................................................................71.5.5风化煤腐植酸作蓄电池阳极膨胀剂............................................................81.5.6风化煤腐植酸在石油工业中的应用............................................................81.5.7风化煤腐植酸在医疗上的应用....................................................................81.6研究目的.............................................................................................................92风化煤的活化方法研究..........................................................................................102.1实验试剂和仪器...............................................................................................102.1.1实验试剂.....................................................................................................102.1.2实验仪器.....................................................................................................102.2主要试剂的配制及标定....................................................................................112.3实验方法..........................................................................