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I液压三爪卡盘摘要本论文设计一种在三爪卡盘上加装摆动式液压缸和平面螺旋机构的螺旋摆动式液压缸增力机构的结构。传统的机床如车床、铣床上三爪卡盘的工作一般依靠工人用手工进行夹紧,这不但增加了工人的劳动强度，而且所需夹紧力非常大,还常常有夹不紧的情况，阻碍了生产率的提高。通过在三爪卡盘加装摆动式液压缸和平面螺旋机构构成螺旋摆动式液压缸增力机构，可实现与原有卡盘体的较好结合,并使外加压力能转换成圆周运动,且其结构简单,工作可靠,能达到较高的增力比，具有良好的经济性和可行性。关键词：三爪卡盘，液压缸，夹具，增力IIAbstractThispaperdesigna3JavaCardtheinstallationoftheswinghydraulicpressuretankpeacesidespiralthespiralswinghydraulicpressuretankincreasedpowerstructure.Traditionalmachinetoolssuchaslathes,Miller,Chuck3Clawsofworkersingeneralrelyonamanualforgripping,thiswillnotonlyincreasetheintensityoftheworkoftheworkers,andtherequiredgrippingpowerisverygreat,butalsoafolderisnotimmediatelyareoftenthecase,hindertheincreaseinproductivity.The3Clawschucktheinstallationoftheswinghydraulicpressuretankpeacesidespiralinstitutionsconstituteaspiralswinghydraulicpressuretankincreasedauthoritytoachievetheoriginalchuckthebetter,andtheadditionalpressurecanbeconvertedintoacircularmovementandthesimple,reliable,canachieveahigherincreasetomorethanasoundeconomicandpractical.Keywords:Three-jawchuck,hydrauliccylindersclampsforceIIIIV目录前言·······················································································································1第1章夹具介绍···································································································21.1夹具的特点································································································21.2研究夹具的目的和意义················································································51.3夹具的国内外现状和发展趋势·······································································51.4夹具的基本结构和原理················································································6第2章三爪卡盘螺旋摆动式液压缸增力机构的结构和原理······························7第3章主要参数确定与结构计算······································································83.1液压腔的结构设计·······················································································83.2转子叶片数的设计······················································································83.3摆动角的设计·····························································································83.4定子圆柱活塞杠面积的设计·········································································8第4章凹槽轮廓线的设计··················································································104.1轮廓面段数的确定····················································································104.2活塞杠升程的确定····················································································104.3参数θ1的设计·························································································114.4参数β的设计··························································································13第5章夹具在安装和操作时应注意的事项························································145.1夹具的安装······························································································145.2夹具在操作时应注意的事项·······································································14第6章夹具的经济效益分析··············································································16第7章单工位夹具与成组夹具的分析································································187.1定位基准与定位元件的选择·········································································187.2夹紧元件与夹紧力的选择·············································································187.3夹具基体的设计夹具基体·············································································187.4机壳成组夹具结构······················································································19第8章误差分析··································································································228.1定位误差分析···························································································228.2装备误差分析··························································································22参考文献··············································································································24致谢·····················································································································251前言随着我国改革开放的不断深入，市场经济体系的不断完善，我国工业逐渐向成熟化发展。在整个机械工业中，设计在其中占有的地位日益显现出来。工业设计主要包括三个方面的内容。第一是产品设计,第二是与产品有关的视觉传达设计，如产品的包装、商业广告等平面设计。第三是由产品设计扩展的环境设计．如产品的展示与陈列，商品橱窗设计以及室内设计等。产品设计作为工业设计的核心，它涉及的面广，从人们的衣食住行，到社会的各行各业，产品设计无时不有，无时不在。产品设计的对象既包括一般的日用生活制品，也包括工业生产的机床，加工工具；既包括家用小电器产品，也包括专业的仪器，仪表；既包括私有的自行车，摩托车，也包括大型的汽车，飞机等交通工具；“从口红到宇宙飞船”都是属于产品的设计的范畴，本论文主要针对加工工具设计，在一定范围内又称“加工辅助设计”，即机床夹具体的设计。本论文设计一种在三爪卡盘上加装摆动式液压缸和平面螺旋机构的螺旋摆动式液压缸增力机构的结构。传统的机床如车床、铣床上三爪卡盘的工作一般依靠工人用手工进行夹紧,这不但增加了工人的劳动强度，而且所需夹紧力非常大,还常常有夹不紧的情况，阻碍了生产率的提高。通过在三爪卡盘加装摆动式液压缸和平面螺旋机构构成螺旋摆动式液压缸增力机构，可实现与原有卡盘体的较好结合,并使外加压力能转换成圆周运动,且其结构简单,工作可靠,能达到较高的增力比，具有良好的经济性和可行性。2第1章夹具介绍1.1夹具的特点在机床上加工工件时,我们可以看到两种不同的情况:一种是用划针或指示表等量具,按工件的某一表面,或者按工件表面上所划的线进行找正,使工件在机床上处于所需要的正确位置,然后夹紧工件进行加工;另一种是把工件安装字夹具上进行加工。为了在工件的某一部位上加工出符合规定技术要求的表面,一般都按工件的结构形状,加工方法和生产批量的不同,采用各种不同的装置将工件准确,方便的而可靠地安装在机床上,然后进行加工.这种用来安装的工件以确定工件与切削刀具的相对位置并将工件夹紧的装置称为“机床夹具”。在实际的生产中,例如活塞,连杆的生产线上,几乎每道工序中都采用了夹具。十分明显,如果不采用夹具,不但工件的加工精度难以保证,而且加工生产率也会大大降低,有时甚至会造成无法加